Manufofi uku na tsarin zamantakewa a Musulunci. Su ne:

There are three main objectives of the Social System in Islam. These are :

Don a bayyana matsayi da ayyukan maza da mata.

To define the roles of men and women.

Don a tsara dangantakar da ke tsakanin maza da mata, da kuma warware matsalolin da suke tasowa daga wannan dangantaka.

To organise the relationship between men and women and to solve the problems that arise from this relationship.

Don daidaita tsarin iyali.

To regulate the family structure.

Duk dokoki da ka'idoji da 'yan Adam ke bi don cimma wadannan manufofi an tsara su ne ta hanyar Shari'ah. Wasu ayyuka na musamman ne ga maza da mata, wasu kuma sun shafi dukansu.

All the rules and laws which human beings are subject to in order to fulfil these objectives are defined by the Shari‘ah. Some roles are unique to men and women and some apply to both.

Mutum na iya ɗaukar matsayi daban-daban dangane da dangantakarsa da waɗanda ke kewaye da shi. Musulunci ya tanadi haƙƙoƙi da ayyuka daban-daban ga mutum dangane da matsayin da yake aiki a cikinsa. Wasu daga cikin matsayin da zai iya samu sun haɗa da:

A man can take different roles with regard to his relationship with those around him. Islam defines different rights and duties for the man depending on which capacity he is acting in. Some of the roles he could have are as :

Kaka.

Grandfather.

Kawu a bangaren uwa / Kawu a bangaren uba

Maternal/ Paternal Uncle.

Uba.

Father.

Ɗan'uwa.

Brother.

Ɗa.

Son.

Miji

Husband.

Ɗan ɗan'uwa na uwa / Ɗan ɗan'uwa na uba

Maternal / Paternal Nephew.

Mutum mara alaƙa.

Unrelated man.

Wasu misalai na haƙƙoƙi da wajibai daban-daban da ke kan mutum gwargwadon ƙarfinsa su ne:

Some examples of the different rights and duties incumbent upon the man depending on his capacity are :

Uban ne ya zama wajibi a kan uba ya samar wa 'ya'yansa abinci, masauki da tufafi, har zuwa lokacin da suka balaga, suka iya dogaro da kansu. Bayan haka, tallafinsa ya zama sadaka.

The father must provide food, shelter and clothing for his children, until such a time that they are mature, and able to support themselves, after which his support becomes a charity.

'A'isha (ra) ta ruwaito cewa Hind 'yar Utbah ta zo wurin Manzon Allah ﷺ, sai ta ce, "Ya Rasulullahi, Abu Sufyan mutum ne mai rowa, ba ya ba ni komai sai abin da na dauka da kaina." Annabi ﷺ ya ce, "Ki dauki abin da zai ishe ki da yaronki bisa adalci." Kitab al Umm, Imam Shafi'i.

‘A’isha (ra) narrated that Hind bint Utbah came to the Messenger of Allah (saw) and she said, “Oh Rasul Allah, Abu Sufyan is a miserly man and I have nothing from him except what I take for myself.” The Prophet (saw) said, “Take what is sufficient for you and your child with justice.” Kitab al Umm, Imam Shafi‘i.

Mace ma tana iya ɗaukar matsayi daban-daban. Ayyukanta sun bambanta gwargwadon matsayin da take aiki a ciki.

The woman too can take different roles. Her duties vary depending on which capacity she acts in.

Daga cikin matsayin da mace za ta iya ɗauka, ga wasu daga cikin muhimman su:

Among the roles that a woman can take, these are some of the important ones :

Uwa.

Mother.

Goggo / Kanwa (mahaifiya) / Goggo (mahaifi)

Maternal/ Paternal Aunt.

Kaka.

Grandmother.

Yar'uwa.

Sister.

’Yar.

Daughter.

Mata.

Wife.

’Yar uwa / Yar ɗan’uwa

Maternal / Paternal Niece.

Mace da ba ta da alaƙa.

Unrelated woman.

Uwar shayarwa (watau uwa ta hanyar shayarwa).

Wet-nurse (i.e. mother by breast-feeding).

Ga misalai na abin da wasu daga cikin wadannan ayyuka za su iya kunsa:

Here are a few examples of what some of these roles may entail:

Uwa ta fi uba samun haƙƙin biyayya da girmamawa daga 'ya'yanta.

The mother has more right of obedience and respect from her children than the father.

Abu Hurairah ya ruwaito cewa wani mutum ya zo wurin Manzon Allah ﷺ ya ce, "Ya Rasulullah, wane ne a cikin mutane ya fi cancanta in yi masa kyakkyawar mu'amala da kyakkyawar zama tare da shi?" Ya amsa, "Mahaifiyarka." Mutumin ya ce, "Sannan wane?" Ya ce, "Mahaifiyarka." "Sannan wane?" Ya amsa, "Mahaifiyarka." "Sannan wane?" Ya amsa, "Mahaifinka." Bukhari da Muslim ne suka ruwaito.

Abu Hurayrah related that a man came to the Prophet (saw) and asked, “O Rasul Allah, which of all the people is best entitled to kind treatment and good companionship from me? He answered, ‘your mother.’ The man asked, ‘Then who?’ He said, ‘Your mother.’ ‘And after her?’ He replied, ‘Your mother.’ ‘And after her?’ He replied, ‘Your father.’ .” Bukhari and Muslim.