Inaruhusiwa kwa dhimmi na Waislamu kufanya miamala ya kununua, kuuza, kukodisha, ushirikiano, rehani n.k. bila ubaguzi kati yao na Waislamu. Mtume wa Allah ﷺ alifanya biashara na watu wa Khaybar, nao walikuwa Mayahudi, kwa nusu ya kile kinachozalishwa katika ardhi, kwa sharti kwamba wailime kwa mali yao na nguvu za miili yao. Mtume ﷺ alinunua chakula kutoka kwa Myahudi wa Madina na akamwekea rehani silaha zake, na alimtumia Myahudi mmoja akimwomba mavazi mawili hadi wakati wa wepesi. Yote haya ni dalili ya kuruhusiwa kwa miamala yote inayofanywa na dhimmi, isipokuwa pale inapohusu miamala ya kukodisha, kununua, kuuza au kuweka rehani; katika hayo ni wajibu kutekeleza hukumu za Kiislamu peke yake, na hairuhusiwi kabisa kushughulika na wasio wao. Hivyo ndivyo raia dhimmi wa Dola ya Kiislamu walivyo kama raia wengine. Kwao kuna haki ya uraia, ulinzi, kuhakikishiwa maisha yao, kutendewa vizuri, wema na upole. Juu yao ni kushiriki katika jeshi la Waislamu na kupigana pamoja nao, lakini kupigana si wajibu kwao. Kwao kuna haki kama ilivyo kwa Waislamu, na juu yao kuna yale yaliyo juu yao kwa uadilifu. Wanazingatiwa na Imamu na kadhi katika kusimamia mambo yao, na katika kutekeleza miamala na adhabu, kama Waislamu wanavyozingatiwa bila ubaguzi wowote, kwa hiyo haki ni wajibu kwao kama ilivyo wajibu kwa Waislamu.
It is allowed to occur between the dhimmis and Muslims the transactions of buying, selling, renting, partnership, pledge etc. without distinction between them and the Muslims. The Messenger of Allah (saw) conducted business with the people of Khayber, and they were Jews, upon half of what is produced from the land upon condition that they work it with their wealth and bodies. The Messenger (saw) bought food from a Jew of Madinah and pledged to him his armour, and he sent to a Jew requiring two garments from him until a time of ease. All this is evidence upon the permissibility of all transactions occurring with dhimmis except when they are dealt with transaction related to renting, buying, and selling or pledging it is obligatory that the Islamic rules alone be implemented; it is absolutely not allowed to deal with other than them. In this way are the dhimmi citizens of the Islamic State like the rest of the citizens. For them is the right of citizenship, protection, guaranteeing their life, treating them well, kindness and softly. Upon them is to participate in the Muslims’ army and fight together with them but fighting is not obligatory upon them. For them is justice as for Muslims, and upon them is what is upon them as equity. They are considered by the Imam and judge in taking care of their affairs and when implementing the transactions and punishments just like the Muslims are looked upon without any distinction so justice is obligatory for them as it is obligatory for Muslims.
Kuhusu yale yaliyotokea katika ahadi ya Umar pamoja nao na masharti aliyowawekea, walikubaliana juu ya ahadi hizi na masharti haya yakaingizwa katika mkataba wa suluhu, nao wakaridhika nayo. Hivyo ilikuwa ni wajibu kutekeleza mkataba kama ulivyokuwa. Ama ikiwa ahadi ya suluhu pamoja nao haijumuishi miamala maalum inayoeleza mambo mahsusi, basi hairuhusiwi kushughulika nao isipokuwa kama Waislamu, au kushughulika nao isipokuwa kwa yale ambayo dalili imekuja kuhusu kuwatendea tofauti na jinsi Waislamu wanavyotendewa, kama vile kutoruhusiwa kwao kuoa wanawake Waislamu. Dalili kwamba kile alichofanya Umar kilitegemea yale yaliyomo katika ahadi yake ni kile Umar mwenyewe alichofanya katika kodi ya biashara. Alichukua robo ya zaka (2.5%) kutoka kwa Waislamu na nusu ya zaka kutoka kwa dhimmi, ingawa kanuni ya Shari'ah ni kwamba hakuna kitu kinachochukuliwa kutoka kwa Muislamu au dhimmi kama kodi ya biashara yake. Kutoka kwa Abu Al-Khayr, aliyesema: Nilimsikia Ruwayfi bin Thabit akisema: Nilimsikia Mjumbe wa Allah ﷺ akisema:
As for what came about Umar’s pledge with them and his imposing conditions upon them, they made truce upon these pledges and these conditions were inserted in the truce and they were pleased with them. So it was compulsory to execute the covenant as it was. Whereas if the truce pledge with them does not include specific transactions stating specific matters, then it is not allowed to deal with them except as Muslims or deal with except for what the text came regarding treating them differently to what Muslims are dealt with such as the non-permissibility of their marrying Muslim women. The evidence that what Umar did was based upon what his pledge included is what Umar himself did in the tax on trade. He (ra) took quarter-tithe (2.5%) from Muslims and half-tithe from the dhimmis even though the Shari’ah rule is that nothing is taken from the Muslim or dhimmi as tax on his business. From Abu Al-Khayr who said: I heard Ruwayfi bin Thabit saying: I heard the Messenger of Allah (saw) saying: