50. Mutawaatir
50. The Mutawaatir
Tawaatur kilugha ni mfuatano wa mambo moja baada ya jingine kwa muda fulani kati yake, na katika hili ni kauli ya Allah Ta'ala: "Kisha Tukatuma Mitume Wetu mmoja baada ya mwingine..." (Suratul Mu'minuun 44), yaani mmoja baada ya mwingine kwa muda fulani. Tawaatur ni kujirudia. Al-khabar al-mutawaatir, katika istilahi ya wanazuoni wa Usuul, ni khabari inayopokelewa na kundi ambalo wingi wao unafikia kiwango cha elimu ya yakini kwa yale waliyoyasema, ambapo yakini hiyo isingetokea kwa kauli ya kundi hilo, na haitakuwa mutawaatir isipokuwa wao wana yakini juu ya waliyoyasema, bila shaka yoyote juu yake. Elimu yao lazima iwe kwa kusikia na kushuhudia, si kwa kukisia. Lazima kuwepo kundi linalotimiza masharti haya katika zama za Sahaba, zama za Taabiina na zama za Taabiu Taabiina, hivyo pande mbili na katikati ya khabari ni sawa. Kwa hiyo, khabari mutawaatir ni ile iliyopokelewa katika zama hizo tatu na kundi kubwa ambalo kula njama ya kusema uongo kwao haiwezekani kawaida, na hakuna uzito wowote kabisa kwa zama nyingine zaidi ya hizo tatu katika upokezi wa Hadiyth.
The tawaator linguistically is the succession of the things one after the other with a time limit in between, and of this is the saying of Allah Ta'ala: Then sent We Our Messengers in succession…) 44 Surat Al Mu'minoun, means one after one with time limit. The tawaator is the recurrence, and al khabar al mutawaatir in the terminology of the usoul scholars is the report (khabar) transmitted by a group which reach in their multitude the extent of the certainty (ilm) which occurred for their saying, the certainty would not occur for the saying of this group and it would not be mutawaatir unless they are certain of what they told, and not in any doubt about it. Their knowledge must be based on the hearing and the witnessing not on the figuring out, there must be a group that fulfills these conditions in the era of the Sahaabah, the era Taabi'ine and the Taabi'y al Taabi'ine, so the two sides and the middle of the khabar are equal. Accordingly, the mutawaatir report is what was narrated in the three eras by a large gathering that their collusion to lie is normally impossible, and no consideration at all for any era other then those three in the narration of the Hadeeth.