Islom davlatining tarixida u adolat yuritishi va xalqning huquqlarini himoya qila olishi bilan mashhur edi, bu hayotning shaxsiy va siyosiy sohalarining barchasida shunday bo‘lgan.

In the history of the Islamic State, it was famous for its administration of justice, and its ability to protect the rights of the people, and this was the case in all the different fields of life, from personal to political.

Islomni shu tarzda amalga oshirish uchun mas'ul bo'lgan ikki kishi bor: xalifa va qozi (sudya). Xalifa islom hukmlarini ijro etadi va ularni xalq ustidan joriy qiladi, qozi esa turli vaziyatlar uchun islomiy hukmlarni ularning manbalaridan (ya'ni Qur'ondan, Sunnatdan va ulardan kelib chiqqan narsalardan) chiqarib, qo'llanishi uchun taqdim etadi.

There are two people who are responsible for the implementation of Islam in such a manner - the Khaleefah and the qadi (judge). The Khaleefah executes the Islamic rules and implements them over the people, while the judge derives the Islamic verdicts for the different situations from their sources (i.e. the Qur’an, the Sunnah, and whatever derives from them) and presents them for application.

Shunga ko'ra, sud tizimi Islom davlatining asosiy tayanchlaridan biri bo'lib, siyosiy hayotda Islom hukmlarining amalga oshirilishi aynan unga bog'liqdir. Islom davlatida doimo adolat yurituvchi sud tizimi hamda odamlar orasida hukm chiqaruvchi qozilar bo'lgan, shunda Islomga doimiy amal qilinishi ta'minlangan.

Accordingly, the judiciary is one of the fundamental pillars of the Islamic State and it is upon this that the ruling system depends for the implementation of Islam in the political life. There has always been in the Islamic State a judiciary which administers justice, and judges who would judge between the people to ensure that Islam was constantly adhered to.

Bu sud-hukm tizimi Islomga hech qanday yot narsa emas; aksincha, u Islom aqidasidan kelib chiqadi va Islomiy hayot tarzining ajralmas qismini tashkil etadi. U boshqa Islomiy tizimlar, masalan, iqtisodiy (iqtisod) va ibodat (ibodat) tizimlarini to‘ldirib, mukammal ishlaydigan yaxlit bir butunlikni hosil qiladi.

This system of judiciary is nothing alien to Islam; indeed it derives from the Islamic ‘aqeedah and forms an integrated part of the Islamic way of life, complementing the other Islamic systems, like the Economic (Iqtisad) and Ritual (Ibadat) systems, making a perfectly functioning whole.