8 Ijtimoiy tizim
8 The Social System
8.1 Ijtimoiy tizim haqida faktlar
8.1 Facts About the Social System
Turmush qurgan ayolning asosiy vazifasi — xotin va ona bo‘lishdir. Oiladagi erkakning asosiy vazifasi esa — rizq topib beruvchi bo‘lishdir.
The primary role of a married woman is as a wife and a mother. The primary role of the man in the context of the family is as a provider.
Ayol xalifani saylash jarayonida ishtirok etishi mumkin, Ummat maslahat majlisida (xalq shўro majlisida) ham o'tirishi mumkin. U sudya, olim bo'lishi yoki hukmronlikdan boshqa har qanday vakolatli lavozimni egallashi mumkin. Shunday ekan, ayolning davlat rahbari yoki vali bo'lishi harom qilingan.
A woman may participate in the election of a Khaleefah, she may also sit on the Majlis al-Ummah (peoples consultative assembly). She may also be a judge, a scholar or hold any position of authority other than ruling. Thus it is forbidden for a woman to be the head of state or a governor (wali).
G'arbda zinokorlik va zinoning ulug'lanishi masalasi keng tarqalgan. Bu hol o'zining sof shaklida va "sevgi" degan mashhur evfemizmda namoyon bo'ladi. Ko'pchilik filmlar, romanlar va qo'shiqlarning asosiy mavzusi aynan shudir. Islomda esa zino qiluvchilar va fohisha bilan yotuvchilarga hurmat ko'rsatilmaydi. Islomda zino qiluvchilar va fohisha bilan yotuvchilar jazolanadi.
In the West the issue of fornication and adultery is glamourised. It is the main theme of most films, novels and songs. That is in its pure form, and in its popular euphemism, ‘love’. In Islam we give no respect to adulterers and fornicators. In Islam adulterers and fornicators are punished.
‘Oisha (ra) — Payg‘ambarimiz (saw)ning xotini 2 210 ta hadis rivoyat qilgan. Bu hadislar siyosatdan iqtisodiyotgacha bo‘lgan masalalarni, shuningdek, Payg‘ambar ﷺning uyda qilgan shaxsiy amallarini qamrab oladi. Ularning aksariyati Islom huquqining manbai sifatida qabul qilinadi.
‘A’isha (ra) the wife of the Prophet (saw) narrated 2,210 ahadith. These cover issues ranging from politics to economics as well as the personal actions of the Prophet (saw) at home. Most of them are taken as a source of Islamic law.
Islom oila yaxlitligini himoya qiladi va shu orqali jamiyatni himoya qiladi; zinо illatini yo‘q qiladi. Zino qilgan har qanday shaxsning oldida faqat ikki yo‘l bor:
Islam protects the family integrity and thus protects society; it eradicates the scourge of adultery. Any person who has committed adultery has only two options:
1. Bu dunyoda jazoni qabul qilish, ya'ni davlat tomonidan amalga oshiriladigan ommaviy toshbo'ron qilib o'ldirish, yoki.
1. To accept the punishment in this life, which is public stoning to death (carried out by the State), or.
2. Dunyo olovidan yetmish baravar issiqroq bo‘lgan olov bilan do‘zaxda yonish.
2. Burn in Hell by a fire that is seventy times hotter than the fire of this world.
Islom insonning barcha tabiiy intilishlarini, jumladan naslni davom ettirish intilishini ham to'ldiradi va tartibga soladi. Shu sababli erkak bilan ayol o'rtasidagi munosabat nikohga asoslanadi. Agar erkak boshqa ayolga intilsa, u o'sha ayolga uylanishi kerak. Islom bir vaqtning o'zida to'rtta ayolga uylanishga ruxsat beradi, faqat ularning barchasiga adolat bilan va teng munosabatda bo'lingan taqdirda.
Islam fulfils and organises all the instincts of human beings, including the procreational instinct. Thus the relationship between man and woman is based on marriage. If a man desires another woman he should marry her. Islam allows the marriage of up to four women at one time, as long as all are treated justly and equally.
Nikohsiz tug'ilgan noqonuniy bola mutlaqo aybsiz, lekin Shariat nuqtayi nazaridan u otasi hisoblanmagan erkakdan meros olish huquqiga ega emas. Shuningdek, bola gunohni ko'tarmaydi.
The illegitimate child born out of wedlock is completely innocent but is not entitled to take inheritance from the father as the man is not his legal father from the Shari‘ah point of view. Similarly the child does not bear the sin.
Erkak kishining ayol kiyimini kiyishi yoki ayol kabi xulq-atvor ko‘rsatishi, shuningdek ayolning erkak kiyimini kiyishi yoki erkak kabi xulq-atvor ko‘rsatishi harom qilingan. Agar kimdir buni jamoat joyida qilayotgani aniqlansa, u Islom Davlati tomonidan jazolanishga loyiq bo‘ladi. Abu Hurayra (ra) rivoyat qilishicha, Payg‘ambar ﷺ ayol kiyimini kiyadigan erkakni va erkak kiyimini kiyadigan ayolni la’natlagan. Ibn Abbos rivoyat qilishicha, Payg‘ambar ﷺ ayolga o‘xshashga harakat qiladigan erkakni va erkakka o‘xshashga harakat qiladigan ayolni la’natlagan hamda u zot ﷺ: “Ularni uylaringizdan chiqarib yuboringlar”, deb aytganlar.
It is forbidden for a man to dress or behave in the way of a woman, or for a woman to dress or behave in the way of a man. If someone is found to be doing this in public, they are subject to punishment by the Islamic State. Abu Hurayrah (ra) reported that the Prophet (saw) cursed the man who wears the woman’s clothes and the woman who wears the man’s clothes. Ibn ‘Abbas reported that the Prophet (saw) cursed the man who imitates the woman and the woman who imitates the man, when he (saw) said ,“throw them out from your houses.”.
Islomda jinsiy buzuqlik va og‘ishlikning barcha shakllari, masalan, gomoseksualizm va bolalarga zo‘ravonlik qat’iy taqiqlangan va ularga nisbatan qattiq jazolar belgilangan.
All forms of sexual perversion and deviancy, e.g. homosexuality and child abuse are forbidden in Islam and there are severe punishments for them.
Islom erkaklar va ayollar uchun xotirjam muhit yaratadi, bunda jamiyatda ikkala jins sharafi va iffati saqlanadi. Islom iffatni nafaqat kiyim kiyish orqali, balki erkaklar va ayollarning ko‘zlarini pastga tushirishi orqali ta’minlaydi.
Islam provides a tranquil environment for men and women, where the honour and modesty for both are preserved in the society. Islam accomplishes the issue of modesty by ‘lowering the gaze’ of men and women and not merely by the donning of a garment.
Islomda ayol sharafga ega deb hisoblanadi. Payg'ambar ﷺ aytdilar: "Kim o'z sharafini himoya qilib vafot etsa, u shahid bo'lib vafot etadi."
The woman is considered an honour in Islam. The Prophet (saw) said, “Whoever dies protecting his honour dies shaheed (martyr).”.
Islom turmushga chiqmagan erkak va ayolning yolg‘iz xalvatda birga bo‘lishini man etadi. Jobir rivoyat qilishicha, Allloh elchisi ﷺ shunday degan: “Kim Allohga va oxirat kuniga iymon keltirgan bo‘lsa, mahram bo‘lmagan ayol bilan yolg‘iz qolmasin, chunki uchinchisi doimo shaytondir.”
Islam forbids for an unmarried couple to be alone in seclusion together. Jabir narrated that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day, he should not be in seclusion with a woman without a mahram, for the third is always the Shaitan.”.
Islomda er va xotin o'rtasidagi munosabat hamroh va do'stlik munosabati bo'lib, shерик sifatida, ya'ni biznesdagi sherik kabi emas.
The relationship between husband and wife in Islam is that of companionship and friendship, as opposed to a partner - as in a business.
Merosda qizlar o‘g‘illarga nisbatan faqat yarmi miqdorida ulush oladilar, holbuki ayolni va oilani ta’minlash, ya’ni ularga ovqat, turar joy va kiyim-kechak berish majburiyati to‘liq erning zimmasiga tushadi.
In inheritance, daughters are entitled to only half that of the sons, whilst the obligation of providing food shelter and clothing to the woman and family falls fully on the husband.
Er hech qanday huquqqa ega emas, agar xotinining roziligi bo'lmasa, uning molmulkiga, hatto xotini juda boy va erining ahvoli juda og'ir bo'lsa ham.
The husband has no right whatsoever over the wealth of his wife without her consent, even if she is very wealthy and he is very poor.
Alloh (SWT) Qur'onda shunday deydi:
Allah (swt) says in the Qur’an :
“Uning belgilaridan biri shuki, sizlar uchun o‘zlaringizdan juftlar yaratdi, ular bilan tinchlikda yashashingiz uchun, va orangizda muhabbat va rahm-shafqat qo‘ydi. Albatta, bunda fikr yurituvchi qavm uchun belgilar bor.” [TMQ 30:21].
“And among His signs is this, that He created for you companions from among yourselves, that you may dwell in tranquillity with them, and He put love and mercy between your hearts. Verily in that are signs for those who reflect.”[TMQ 30:21].
Na erkak, na ayol o'z-o'zidan bir-birining, jamiyatning, davlatning yoki Allohning (SWT) nazarida ko'proq qadrga ega emas. Ammo ular turli yaratiqlar sifatida yer yuzida turli vazifalarni bajaradilar, xuddi quyosh bilan oyning turli vazifalari bo'lganidek.
Neither man or woman inherently have more value in the eyes of each other, the society, state or Allah (swt). However, as different creations they have different roles to carry out on earth, just as the sun has a different role to the moon.
Va quyosh oyga yetishishi mumkin emas, kecha ham kunni ortda qoldira olmaydi. Har biri o‘z orbitasida suzib yuradi.
“And it behoves not the sun to overtake the moon, nor can the night outstrip the day : Each (just) swims along in its own orbit.” [TMQ 36,39].