Xalifaning Xudo qonunlarini qabul qilish bo'yicha yagona vakolati bor. U yagona shaxs sifatida Konstitutsiya va turli qonunlarni joriy etadi.
The Khaleefah has the exclusive power to adopt the Divine Laws. He alone enacts the Constitution and various laws.
Bu tamoyil Qur’on, Sunnat va sahobalarning ijmo‘idan kelib chiqqan bo‘lib, ikki xil yo‘nalishda ajratib olinishi mumkin:
This principle, derived from the Qur’an, the Sunnah and Ijma‘ of the Sahabah, can be extracted from two different angles:
a. Islam davlatining boshlig‘iga itoat etish musulmonlarning burchidir.
a. Obedience to the head of the Islamic State is an obligation on Muslims.
b. Musulmonlar ishlarini yuritish davlat rahbarining zimmasidagi majburiyatdir.
b. Looking after the affairs of the Muslims is an obligation on the head of State.
Birinchi band: Islom davlatining rahbariga itoat qilish musulmonlarning zimmasidagi farzdir.
The first point: Obeying the head of the Islamic State is an obligation on Muslims.
Bu Qur’oni Karim oyatlari va hadislarda shunchalik aniq tasdiqlanganki, Shariat hokimga itoatni Allohga (SWT) va Uning Rasuliga (ﷺ) itoatning bir qismi deb hisoblagan. Shu sababli hokimga itoat qilish savob bilan, unga itoatsizlik esa jazo bilan bog‘liqdir.
This has been clearly confirmed in many Qur’anic verses and ahadith to the point where the Shari‘ah considered the obedience to the ruler as part of the obedience to Allah (swt) and His Messenger (saw). Therefore obeying the ruler entails a reward and disobedience entails punishment.
Quyidagi Qur'ondan dalil:
Following is an evidence from the Qur’an:
"Ey iymon keltirganlar! Allohga itoat qilinglar, Rasulga va o'zlaringizdan bo'lgan amr egalariga itoat qilinglar." [TMQ 4:59].
“O you who believe! Obey Allah, and obey the Messenger and those of you who are in authority.” [TMQ 4:59].
Sunnatdan dalillar:
Evidence from the Sunnah:
Imom Buxoriy, Muslim, Abu Dovud, an-Nasoiy va Ibn Moja Abu Hurayra (roziyallohu anhu) dan rivoyat qilishlaricha, u Allohning Elchisi ﷺ ning shunday deganlarini eshitgan: “Kim menga itoat qilsa, u Allohga itoat qilgan bo‘ladi; kim menga itoatsizlik qilsa, u Allohga itoatsizlik qilgan bo‘ladi. Kim amirga itoat qilsa, u menga itoat qilgan bo‘ladi; kim unga itoatsizlik qilsa, u menga itoatsizlik qilgan bo‘ladi.”
Bukhari, Muslim, Abu Daud, al-Nisa‘i and Ibn Majah reported on the authority of Abu Hurayrah (ra) that he heard the Messenger of Allah (saw) say, “Whoever obeyed me he obeyed Allah; whoever disobeyed me he disobeyed Allah, whoever obeyed the Amir he obeyed me and whoever disobeyed him disobeyed me.”.
Imom Buxoriy, Abu Dovud, Ibn Moja va Ahmad ibn Hanbal Abdulloh ibn Umar roziyallohu anhudan rivoyat qilishlaricha, Allohning Elchisi ﷺ shunday degan: "Musulmon kishi o'ziga yoqsa ham, yoqmasa ham, gunohga buyurilmagan ekan, eshitishi va itoat qilishi lozim. Agar unga gunoh qilish buyurilsa, na eshitishi, na itoat qilishi kerak."
Bukhari, Abu Daud, Ibn Majah and Ahmad ibn Hanbal reported on the authority of ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Umar that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “The Muslim should hear and obey in whatever he liked or disliked as long as he is not ordered to commit a sin. If he were ordered to commit a sin he should neither hear or obey.”.
Buxoriy, Muslim va Ahmad ibn Hanbal Ubada ibn as-Somitdan rivoyat qilishicha, u shunday degan: «Biz Allahning Elchisi ﷺ ga boylikda ham, tanglikda ham, qulaylikda ham, qiyinchilikda ham, yomon sharoitda ham to‘liq itoat qilishga bay‘at qildik; va biz hokimiyatdagi kishilar bilan, ochiq kufr (kufri bavah) ko‘rilmaguncha — ya’ni biz uchun Shariatdan aniq dalil bo‘lgan holda — tortishmaymiz».
Bukhari, Muslim and Ahmad ibn Hanbal reported on Ubada ibn al- Samit’s authority that he said, “We pledged ourselves to the Messenger of Allah in complete obedience in wealth and woe, in ease and hardship and evil circumstances that we would not dispute with the people in authority unless a flagrant disbelief (kufr bu‘ah) for which we have clear evidence from the Shari‘ah is witnessed.”.
Ushbu Qur’on oyatlari va Sunnatdagi hadislar davlat rahbariga itoat qilish farz ekanligini aniq ko‘rsatadi, uning unvoni xalifa, imom, mo‘minlar amiri yoki hokimiyat egasi bo‘lishidan qat’i nazar. U musulmon ummati ustidan hokimiyatga ega bo‘lgani uchun unga itoat qilinishi shart.
These Qur’anic verses and ahadith from the Sunnah indicate clearly that obedience to the head of state is an obligation, whether his title were the Khaleefah, the Imam, the Amir of the believers or the person in authority. He must be obeyed for he is the one in authority over the Muslim Ummah.
Agar Shariat musulmonlarni hokimiyatdagi kishilarga, Xalifani esa ularning oliy hukmdori sifatida itoat etishga majbur qilsa, uning itoati Shariatga muvofiq buyurgan ishlardagina bo‘ladi. Gunohkor ishlarda unga itoat qilinmaydi va u ilohiy qonunlarni qanday shaklda bo‘lsa ham o‘zgartirgan taqdirda ham unga itoat qilinmaydi.
If the Shari‘ah obliges Muslims to obey the people in authority with the Khaleefah as their supreme ruler his obedience would then be in matters he commands according to the Shari‘ah. He is not to be obeyed in matters that are sinful nor in the event of his changing of the divine laws in any way.
Ikkinchi band: Musulmonlarning ishlariga g'amxo'rlik qilish davlat rahbarining burchidir.
The second point: Looking after Muslims’ affairs is the duty of the head of the State.
Davlat rahbari ummatning himoyachisi va uning ishlarining omonatdoridir. U Shariat bo‘yicha ummat manfaatlarini himoya qilish va ularga g‘amxo‘rlik qilish vazifasiga ega. Shu sababli ummat unga Alloh (SWT) nozil qilgan narsalar bilan hukm qilish vakolatini beradi, shuning uchun u jamiyatda va davlat ichida Islomni joriy etish, shuningdek, Islom xabarini dunyoga yetkazish ustida ishlaydi.
The head of the State is the guardian of the Ummah and the trustee of her affairs. He is, by Shari‘ah, entrusted with protecting and looking after the Ummah’s interests. That is why the Ummah gives him the authority to rule by what Allah (swt) has revealed so he works towards enforcing Islam in society and within the State as well as conveying the Islamic Message to the world.
Sunnatdan dalillar:
Evidence from the Sunnah:
Buxoriy, Muslim, Abu Dovud va Termiziy Abdullah ibn Umar rivoyat qilganlaridek, Allohning Elchisi ﷺ shunday degan: "Sizlarning har biringiz posbon (mas'ul)sizlar va hammangiz o'z posbonligingiz uchun javobgarsizlar. Imom xalq ustidan posbondir va u xalq ustidagi posbonligi uchun javobgardir."
Bukhari, Muslim, Abu Daud and Tirmidhi reported on the authority of ‘Abdullah ibn ‘Umar that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Each one of you is a guardian and you are all responsible about your guardianship, the Imam is a guardian of the people and he is responsible for his guardianship of the people.”