8.1 Ijtimoiy tizim haqida faktlar
8.1 Facts About the Social System
Turmush qurgan ayolning asosiy vazifasi — xotin va ona bo‘lishdir. Oila doirasida erkakning asosiy vazifasi esa — ta’minotchi bo‘lishdir.
The primary role of a married woman is as a wife and a mother. The primary role of the man in the context of the family is as a provider.
Ayol xalifani saylashda ishtirok etishi mumkin, u Ummatning maslahat majlisi (Majlis al-Ummah)da ham o‘tirishi mumkin. U sudya, olim bo‘lishi yoki hukmronlikdan boshqa har qanday vakolatli lavozimni egallashi mumkin. Shunday qilib, ayolga davlat rahbari yoki hokim (vali) bo‘lish taqiqlanadi.
A woman may participate in the election of a Khaleefah, she may also sit on the Majlis al-Ummah (peoples consultative assembly). She may also be a judge, a scholar or hold any position of authority other than ruling. Thus it is forbidden for a woman to be the head of state or a governor (wali).
G'arbda zinokorlik va fohishalik ulug'lanadi. Bu mavzu ko'pchilik filmlar, romanlar va qo'shiqlarning asosiy mavzusiga aylangan. Bu sof holida ham, "sevgi" degan mashhur evfemizm ostida ham shunday. Islomda zinokorlar va fohishalikka berilganlarga hurmat ko'rsatilmaydi. Islomda zinokorlar va fohishalikka berilganlar jazolanadi.
In the West the issue of fornication and adultery is glamourised. It is the main theme of most films, novels and songs. That is in its pure form, and in its popular euphemism, ‘love’. In Islam we give no respect to adulterers and fornicators. In Islam adulterers and fornicators are punished.
Oyisha (ra) Payg'ambar (saw)ning rafiqasi 2 210 ta hadis rivoyat qilgan. Ular siyosatdan iqtisodiyotgacha bo'lgan masalalarni, shuningdek, Payg'ambar ﷺning uydagi shaxsiy xatti-harakatlarini qamrab oladi. Ularning aksariyati Islom huquqining manbai sifatida qabul qilinadi.
‘A’isha (ra) the wife of the Prophet (saw) narrated 2,210 ahadith. These cover issues ranging from politics to economics as well as the personal actions of the Prophet (saw) at home. Most of them are taken as a source of Islamic law.
Islom oilaning yaxlitligini himoya qiladi va shu orqali jamiyatni himoya qiladi; u zinо balosini yo‘q qiladi. Zino qilgan har bir shaxsning oldida faqat ikki yo‘l bor:
Islam protects the family integrity and thus protects society; it eradicates the scourge of adultery. Any person who has committed adultery has only two options:
1. Bu dunyoda jazoni qabul qilish, ya'ni davlat tomonidan amalga oshiriladigan ommaviy toshbo'ron qilib o'ldirish, yoki.
1. To accept the punishment in this life, which is public stoning to death (carried out by the State), or.
2. Dunyo olovidan yetmish baravar issiqroq bo‘lgan olov bilan do‘zaxda yonish.
2. Burn in Hell by a fire that is seventy times hotter than the fire of this world.
Islom insonning barcha tabiiy intilishlarini, jumladan, naslni davom ettirish intilishini ham qondiradi va tartibga soladi. Shu sababli erkak bilan ayol o'rtasidagi munosabat nikohga asoslanadi. Agar erkak boshqa ayolni istasa, uni nikohga olishi kerak. Islom adolat va tenglik bilan muomala qilinishi sharti bilan, bir vaqtning o'zida to'rttagacha ayolga uylanishga ruxsat beradi.
Islam fulfils and organises all the instincts of human beings, including the procreational instinct. Thus the relationship between man and woman is based on marriage. If a man desires another woman he should marry her. Islam allows the marriage of up to four women at one time, as long as all are treated justly and equally.
Nikohsiz tug'ilgan noqonuniy farzand butunlay aybsiz, lekin Shariat nuqtai nazaridan erkak uning qonuniy otasi bo'lmagani uchun otasidan meros olish huquqiga ega emas. Xuddi shunday, farzand gunohni ham o'z zimmasiga olmaydi.
The illegitimate child born out of wedlock is completely innocent but is not entitled to take inheritance from the father as the man is not his legal father from the Shari‘ah point of view. Similarly the child does not bear the sin.
Erkak kishiga ayolga xos kiyinish yoki xulq-atvorda bo‘lish, ayolga esa erkakka xos kiyinish yoki xulq-atvorda bo‘lish harom qilingan. Kimki bunday ishni jamoat orasida qilgani aniqlansa, u Islom Davlati tomonidan jazolanishga loyiq bo‘ladi. Abu Hurayra (roziyallohu anhu) rivoyat qilishicha, Nabiy ﷺ ayolning kiyimini kiyib olgan erkakni va erkakning kiyimini kiyib olgan ayolni la’natlaganlar. Ibn Abbos (roziyallohu anhu) rivoyat qilishicha, Nabiy ﷺ ayolga o‘xshab olgan erkakni va erkakka o‘xshab olgan ayolni la’natlaganlar hamda ular: «Ularni uylaringizdan chiqarib yuboringlar», deganlar.
It is forbidden for a man to dress or behave in the way of a woman, or for a woman to dress or behave in the way of a man. If someone is found to be doing this in public, they are subject to punishment by the Islamic State. Abu Hurayrah (ra) reported that the Prophet (saw) cursed the man who wears the woman’s clothes and the woman who wears the man’s clothes. Ibn ‘Abbas reported that the Prophet (saw) cursed the man who imitates the woman and the woman who imitates the man, when he (saw) said ,“throw them out from your houses.”.
Islomda jinsiy buzuqlik va og'ishning barcha shakllari, masalan, gomoseksualizm va bolalarni zo'rlash taqiqlangan va ularga nisbatan qattiq jazolar belgilangan.
All forms of sexual perversion and deviancy, e.g. homosexuality and child abuse are forbidden in Islam and there are severe punishments for them.
Islom erkaklar va ayollar uchun tinch muhit yaratadi, bu muhitda jamiyatda ikkala jins sharafi va hayosi saqlanadi. Islom hayo masalasini faqat kiyim kiyish bilan emas, balki erkaklar va ayollarning nigohini past tutishi orqali hal qiladi.
Islam provides a tranquil environment for men and women, where the honour and modesty for both are preserved in the society. Islam accomplishes the issue of modesty by ‘lowering the gaze’ of men and women and not merely by the donning of a garment.
Islomda ayol sharafli inson hisoblanadi. Payg'ambar ﷺ aytdilar: “Kim o'z sha'nini (sharafini) himoya qilib vafot etsa, shahid bo'lib o'ladi.”
The woman is considered an honour in Islam. The Prophet (saw) said, “Whoever dies protecting his honour dies shaheed (martyr).”.
Islom ajnabiy erkak va ayolning yolg‘iz xilvatda birga bo‘lishini taqiqlaydi. Jobir rivoyat qildi, Allohning Elchisi ﷺ shunday degan: "Kim Allohga va Oxirat kuniga iymon keltirsa, u mahramsiz ayol bilan xilvatda bo‘lmasin, chunki uchinchisi doim shaytondir."
Islam forbids for an unmarried couple to be alone in seclusion together. Jabir narrated that the Messenger of Allah (saw) said, “Whoever believes in Allah and the Last Day, he should not be in seclusion with a woman without a mahram, for the third is always the Shaitan.”.
Islomda er-xotin o'rtasidagi munosabat sheriklik emas, balki hamroh bo'lish va do'stlik munosabatidir, biznesdagi sheriklik kabi emas.
The relationship between husband and wife in Islam is that of companionship and friendship, as opposed to a partner - as in a business.
Merosda qizlar o‘g‘illarning ulushining faqat yarmiga haqli bo‘ladilar, holbuki ayol va oila uchun ovqat, boshpana va kiyim-kechak ta’minlash majburiyati to‘liq erning zimmasiga tushadi.
In inheritance, daughters are entitled to only half that of the sons, whilst the obligation of providing food shelter and clothing to the woman and family falls fully on the husband.
Erkakning xotinining mol-mulkiga, uning roziligisiz, hech qanday haqqi yo'q, hatto xotini juda boy, erining esa juda kambag'al bo'lsa ham.
The husband has no right whatsoever over the wealth of his wife without her consent, even if she is very wealthy and he is very poor.
Alloh (SWT) Qur’onda shunday deydi:
Allah (swt) says in the Qur’an :
“Va Uning belgilaridan biri shuki, sizlar uchun o'zlaringizdan juftlar yaratdi, toki ular bilan tinchlikda yashashingiz uchun. Va orangizda muhabbat hamda rahm-shafqat paydo qildi. Albatta, bunda tafakkur qiluvchi qavm uchun belgilar bor.” [TMQ 30:21].
“And among His signs is this, that He created for you companions from among yourselves, that you may dwell in tranquillity with them, and He put love and mercy between your hearts. Verily in that are signs for those who reflect.”[TMQ 30:21].
Erkak ham, ayol ham o‘z-o‘zidan bir-birining, jamiyatning, davlatning yoki Alloh (SWT) nazarida ustunroq qadr-qimmatga ega emas. Biroq ular turli xil yaratilmalar sifatida yer yuzida bajarishi lozim bo‘lgan turli vazifalarga ega, xuddi quyoshning oyga nisbatan turli vazifasi bo‘lganidek.
Neither man or woman inherently have more value in the eyes of each other, the society, state or Allah (swt). However, as different creations they have different roles to carry out on earth, just as the sun has a different role to the moon.
"Quyosh oyga yetishi ham, tun kunduzdan o‘zib ketishi ham joiz emas. Har biri o‘z falakida suzib yuradi." [TMQ 36,39]
“And it behoves not the sun to overtake the moon, nor can the night outstrip the day : Each (just) swims along in its own orbit.” [TMQ 36,39]