Har qanday millatning iqtisodiyotining eng asosiy maqsadi fuqarolari uchun mahsulot va xizmatlarning yetarli miqdorda bo‘lishini ta’minlash hamda har bir fuqaroga ularni olish va ulardan foydalanish imkonini berib, uning turmush darajasini ko‘tarishdir. Buning uchun foydalanishga yaroqli mahsulot va xizmatlar shaklida boylik yaratilishi hamda odamlarning bu mahsulot yoki xizmatlarga egalik qilish va/yoki ulardan foydalanish vositalariga ega bo‘lishi talab etiladi.

The most fundamental aims of the economy of any nation is to provide an adequate supply of goods and services for its citizens and to enable each citizen to acquire and use them to raise their standard of living. This requires that wealth be created in the form of usable goods and services and that people get the means of owning and/or using these goods or services.

Har qanday millatning iqtisodiyotining eng asosiy maqsadi fuqarolari uchun mahsulot va xizmatlarning yetarli miqdorda bo‘lishini ta’minlash hamda har bir fuqaroga ularni olish va ulardan foydalanish imkonini berib, uning turmush darajasini ko‘tarishdir. Buning uchun foydalanishga yaroqli mahsulot va xizmatlar shaklida boylik yaratilishi hamda odamlarning bu mahsulot yoki xizmatlarga egalik qilish va/yoki ulardan foydalanish vositalariga ega bo‘lishi talab etiladi.

The most fundamental aims of the economy of any nation is to provide an adequate supply of goods and services for its citizens and to enable each citizen to acquire and use them to raise their standard of living. This requires that wealth be created in the form of usable goods and services and that people get the means of owning and/or using these goods or services.

Ushbu maqsad va vazifalarning qanchalik darajada amalga oshishi hamda davlat fuqarolarining qanchalik samarali ishtirok etishi aniq qoidalarga, ya’ni millat amalga oshiradigan iqtisodiy siyosatga bog‘liq.

The degree to which these aims and objectives are met and the efficiency with which the citizens of the State participate depend on the specific rules of engagement, namely the economic policy which the nation implements.

Iqtisodiy tizim asoslanadigan umumiy mafkuraviy tuzilmadan tashqari, har qanday millatning iqtisodiy muvaffaqiyatining asosiy tarkibiy qismlari quyidagilardir: 1) Tizimga ishonch va uning barqarorligi. 1) Tizimga ishonch va uning barqarorligi.

Apart from the general ideological framework upon which the economic system is based, the key ingredients for the economic success of any nation include: 1) Confidence in and stability 1) Confidence in and stability of the system.

2) Tizimning amaliy ishlashi: boylik yaratish va taqsimlash uchun mos iqtisodiy rag'batlar berish orqali.

2) Workability of the system by providing appropriate economic incentives for wealth creation and distribution.

3) Adolatli taqsimot usuli (ya'ni boylikning aylanishi).

3) A just method of distribution (i.e. circulation of wealth).

Dunyoda bugun faqat kapitalistik iqtisodiy tizim amalda bo‘lsa-da, Islom iqtisodiy tizimi iqtisodiy faoliyatda eng yaxshi qoidalarni beradi va har qanday xalqning turmush darajasini ko‘tarishda eng muvaffaqiyatli bo‘lar edi.

Although only the Capitalist economic system is practised in the world today, the Islamic Economic System gives the best rules of engagement in economic activity and would be the most successful towards raising the standard of living of any nation.

Iqtisodiy faoliyat o'z mohiyatiga ko'ra xavflidir, chunki unda bevosita ishtirok etganlar boylik yutishi yoki yo'qotishi mumkin. Shu sababli barcha iqtisodiy tizimlarda ishtirokchilar kapitali yoki mehnatini yo'qotishi mumkinligini doim tushunadilar. Biroq, mamlakat iqtisodiy hayotiga salbiy ta'sir ko'rsatib, sun'iy ravishda xavfsizlik yo'qligi muhitini yaratadigan va shu orqali iqtisodiy faoliyat darajasini pasaytiradigan boshqa hodisalar ham mavjud. Ular amalga oshirilgan muayyan iqtisodiy tizim tufayli yuzaga keladi; masalan, Kapitalistik tizimda quyidagilarni ko'ramiz:

Economic activity by its very nature is risky as those who partake in it directly can gain or lose wealth. Hence in all economic systems, there is always an understanding by those who participate that they may lose their capital or effort. However, there are other phenomena that adversely affect the economic life of a nation by artificially creating an atmosphere of insecurity, and thereby reducing the level of economic activity. These arise because of the specific economic system implemented, for example in the Capitalist system, we find :

i) Iqtisodiy tanazzul va yuksalish: Kapitalistik tizimda savdoning yaxshi va yomon davrlari hujjatlardan ko'rinib turibdi. Iqtisodchilar orasida savdo tebranishlariga sabab bo'luvchi sharoitlar haqida fikrlar keskin farq qilsa-da, umumiy jihat shundaki, bu sharoitlarning asosiy sababi kapitalistik iqtisodiy tizimning asoslaridan kelib chiqadi.

i) Booms and Busts: In the Capitalist system, periods of good and bad trade have become evident from the records. Although opinions differ widely among economists on the conditions responsible for trade fluctuations, a common feature is that the root cause of these conditions stems from the foundations of the Capitalist economic system.

ii) Cheksiz inflyatsiya: Pul muttasil ravishda qadrini yo'qotishi kapitalistik iqtisodiyotlarning ajralmas qismiga aylangan. Bu yerda ham iqtisodchilar cheksiz inflyatsiyaning sabablari haqida turlicha fikrda. Ammo cheksiz inflyatsiyaning retseptı kapitalistik tizimdagi o'rnatilgan moliyaviy nazoratning asosida yotadi.

ii) Runaway Inflation: The fact that money continually loses its value has become an intrinsic part of Capitalist economies. Here again there are many opinions from economists as to what causes runaway inflation. But the recipe for runaway inflation lies at the heart of established financial controls in the Capitalist system.

iii) Pul bozorining qulashlari: Ular notekis ravishda, valyuta kurslarining keskin va mubolag'ali o'zgarishi hamda aksiyalar narxining birdaniga tushib ketishi ko'rinishida yuz beradi.

iii) Money market crashes: These occur irregularly in the form of sudden exaggerated changes in foreign exchange rates and sudden falls in share prices.