通奸
Adultery
安拉至高无上,祂说:{你们不要接近通奸,因为它是一种丑恶的行为,是一条邪恶的道路。}(伊斯拉厄:32)
Allah, the Almighty, says, {Nor come nigh to adultery: for it is an indecent (deed) and an evil way.} (Al-Isra': 32)
《古兰经》还说:{那些不与安拉并拜别的神明,不杀安拉所禁止杀的人,除非依法处死,也不奸淫的人——凡做这些事的,必受罪报。复活日,他的刑罚要加倍,他将永居其中,受凌辱。}(《法喀尔》25:68-70)
The Qur'an also states, {Those who invoke not, with Allah, any other god, Nor slay such life as Allah has made sacred, except for just cause, nor commit fornication,' -and any that does this (not only) meets punishment. (But) the chastisement on the Day of Judgment will be doubled to him, and he will dwell therein in ignominy.} (Al-Furqan: 68-70)
安拉至高说:{奸淫的男女,你们应当把他们每人鞭打一百下。如果你们确信安拉和末日,那么在执行安拉的法度时,不要因怜悯他们而心软。}
Allah, the Most High, says, {The woman and the man guilty of fornication, flog each of them with a hundred stripes: Let not compassion move you in their case, in a matter prescribed by Allah, if ye believe in Allah and the Last Day:
“并让一群信士见证对他们的惩罚。”(光明章:2)
And let a party of the believers witness their punishment.” (An-Nur: 2)
上文最后一节所提到的刑罚,正如学者们所论证的,仅针对今世中未婚的通奸者。至于已婚的通奸者(即便此前曾经有过婚姻),按照先知ﷺ所确立的规定,必须被用石头砸死。而如果他们逃脱了今世的刑罚,且死时未曾悔过,那么他们将在火狱中受到以火鞭抽打的惩罚。
The punishment mentioned in the last verse concerns only single fornicators in the world as argued by the scholars. In case of married adulterers (even if they experienced marriage before) they must be stoned until death as postulated by the Prophet (pbuh). But if they escaped the worldly punishment and died without making repentance, they will be tortured in the Hell-Fire with lashes of Fire.
在《诗篇》中记载,通奸者将在火狱中被倒挂于生殖器上,并以铁鞭抽打。若他们因痛苦而呼喊,刑罚天使便会对他们说:"这种哭喊先前在哪里听不见?你们过去只顾嬉笑玩乐,不记挂真主,也不在祂面前心怀羞耻。"先知ﷺ也有这样的圣训:"通奸者在行通奸之时并非信士。"1
In Psalms, it is narrated that Adulterers will be hanged from their genitals in the hell-Fire, on which they will be scourged with slashes of iron. If they cry out of pain, the angels of punishment will address them, "Where was this cry inaudible before? You just used to laugh, play and did not keep the thought of Allah, nor were you shy from Him." The following hadith was stated by the Prophet (pbuh), "An adulterer is not a believer at the time of committing adultery.” 1
先知ﷺ说:“当一个人陷入通奸时,信仰便离开他的心,笼罩在他的头上;但如果他从中抽身,他的信仰便会重新回到他身上。”2
The Prophet (pbuh) said, "When someone fell in adultery, faith leaves his heart and overshadows him but if he extricates himself; his faith will, be restored again.” 2
据传,安拉的使者(愿主福安之)说:"凡通奸或饮酒者,安拉便从他身上除去信仰,犹如人从头上脱下衬衫一般。"ﷺ 1
It was related that the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said, "Whoever fornicates or drinks wine, Allah takes off his faith from him as a man takes a shirt off over his head.” 1
“有三种人,真主至高无上不会与他们说话,也不会洗清他们的罪过,更不会看他们一眼:通奸的老人,说谎的君主,以及傲慢的贫穷乞丐。”2
"There are three people to whom Allah, the Most High will not talk, nor will He absolve them of sins nor look at them: an aged person guilty of adultery, a king who lies and a poor beggar who is proud.” 2
以伊本·麦斯欧德的传述,他说:"我问安拉的使者(愿主福安之):'在安拉看来,最大的罪是什么?'他说:'你以别的东西与安拉并列,而祂创造了你……'又说:'与你邻居的妻子通奸。'"安拉至高无上说:{那些不向安拉祈祷别的神明,不杀安拉所禁止杀的人,除非按照正理,也不行奸淫的人——凡做这些事的,必遭报应。复活日,他的刑罚要加倍,他将永居其中,备受凌辱。}(《古兰经》法资格尔章:68-69)
On the authority of Ibn Mas'ud who said, "I asked the Messenger of Allah (pbuh), "What is the most grievous sin at the sight of Allah?" He said, "To associate others with Allah whereas He created you... and to commit adultery with your neighbor's wife.” Allah, the Almighty, said, {Those who invoke not, with Allah, any other god, nor slay such life as Allah has made sacred, except for just cause, nor commit fornication; -and any that does this (not only) meets punishment. (But) the chastisement on the Day of Judgment will be doubled to him, and he will dwell therein in ignomity.} (AL-Furqan: 68-69)
看哪!通奸邻居、以物配主和无正当理由杀害他人性命,这三者是如何相互关联的。
Behold! How adultery with one's neighbor, polytheism and slaying the life of others except for just cause are associated with each other.
有一次,伊本·麦斯欧德问先知说:"真主的使者啊,最严重的罪是什么?"先知回答说:"以真主有同等者,而祂是创造你的主。"他又问:"接下来是什么?"先知ﷺ说:"因害怕他与你同食而杀害子女。"他又说:"接下来是什么?"先知ﷺ说:"与邻居的妻子通奸。"3
Once, Ibn Mas'ud asked the Prophet (P.B.U.H) saying, "0 Messenger of Allah, what is the most heinous sin? The Prophet answered, "To hold that Allah has an equal, whereas He has created you. Further he asked what is next? The Prophet (P.B.U.H) said, "To kill child lest he feeds with you. He added, "What is next? The Prophet (P.B. U .H) said, "To commit adultery with your neighbor's wife.” 3
在解释安拉的这句话时,{它有七扇门;每扇门都有一类被指定的(罪人)进入。}(黑格尔:44) Note: the citation as given ("Al-Hijr: 44") is rendered as in the original; the verse text was also left as the user provided it, with the truncated words ("assigne") kept as they appear.
When commenting on Allah's statement, {To it are seven gates: for each of those gates is a special) class (of sinners) assigne.} (Al-Hijr: 44)
阿塔说:"地狱中最可怕、最令人厌恶的那扇门,是为那些在被告知后果之后仍犯下此罪的通奸者准备的。"
Ata' said, "The most grievous and hated gate of Hell is that which is assigned for adulterers who committed such crime after they had been informed of its consequences.
马库尔·丁马什基说:"当火狱中的人闻到一股恶臭时,他们会说:‘我们从未闻到过比这更臭的气味。’然后,他们会被告知,这是通奸者私处的气味。"伟大的经注学家之一伊本·载德说:"这股恶臭伤害着火狱中的所有人。"安拉为穆萨(愿主赐其平安)所规定的诫命中有这样一条:"不要偷窃,不要犯通奸,以免你们被我的面容所遮蔽。"看哪,穆萨是这条诫命的对象,其他人又当如何呢?
Makhul Ad-Dimashqi said, "When the people of the Hell-Fire smell a stinking odor they say, 'We have never smelt an odor more stinking than that, Then, they will be told that this is the odor of the adulterers' genitals. Ibn Zayd, one of great exegesists said, "This odor hurts all the people of the Hell-Fire. Of all commandments prescribed by Allah to Moses is the following, "Do not steal and do not fill into adultery so as not to screen My Face from you." Behold Moses is the addressee, what about the others.
据传先知ﷺ说:"撒旦(伊布利斯)常常派遣他的士兵遍布大地,对他们说:'谁能使一位穆斯林误入歧途,我就给他加冕。谁最擅长使人误入歧途,谁就最接近我。'于是,一个恶魔前来说:'我一直引诱某某,直到他与妻子离婚。'伊布利斯说:'你没有做成什么。他还会再娶另一位女子。'另一个前来说:'我一直引诱某某,直到我在他和他的兄弟之间制造了仇恨。'伊布利斯说:'你没有做成什么。他们还会和好。'最后又来了一个恶魔,说:'我一直引诱某某,直到他陷入通奸。'伊布利斯说:'太好了,干得漂亮。'然后他使这个恶魔更加接近自己,并为他加冕。"1
It was reported that the Prophet (pbuh) said, "Satan (Iblis) often sends his soldiers every where in the earth saying to them, 'Whoever diverts a Muslim I will crown him. The most skillful one in diverting people, the nearest to me. Meanwhile, a devil comes and says, "I kept tempting such and such until he divorced his wife.' Iblis says, 'You did nothing. He will marry another woman.' Another comes and says, 'I kept tempting such and such until I created a grudge between him and his brother’ Iblis says, 'You did nothing. He will reconcile with him.’ Eventually comes another devil who says, 'I kept tempting such and such until he fell in adultery.’ Iblis says, 'Great and well done. I Then he makes him nearer to him and crowns him.”1
我们向安拉寻求庇护,以免遭受撒旦及其党羽的侵害。
We seek Allah's refuge from the evils of Satan and his soldiers.
据安关于人 Let me correct that: 据安拉的使者传自安斯(Anas)的记载,先知ﷺ说:"信仰就像一件衣服,安拉用它遮盖祂所喜爱的人。但如果他陷入通奸,这件衣服就会被脱去;如果他悔罪,祂又会把它重新披在他身上。"2
It was reported that on the authority of Anas that the Prophet (pbuh) said, "Faith is like a garment with which Allah covers whomever He likes. But if he falls in adultery, this garment will be taken off and if he repents He will restore it again.”2
先知(愿主赐他平安)还说:"穆斯林们啊,你们当远离通奸。它会带来六种后果:其中三种在今世,另外三种在后世。今世的后果是:脸色苍白、寿命短促、长期贫困。后世的后果是:真主的震怒、严厉的清算,以及火狱中的刑罚。"3
The Prophet (pbuh) also said, "0 Muslims, be aware of adultery. It entails six consequences: Three in this world and the others in the next. As for the worldly consequences, they are a pale face, short life and long poverty. The consequences in the Hereafter are: The wrath of Allah, a severe reckoning and torture in Fire.”3
真主的使者ﷺ说:“凡坚持饮酒直至死去的人,真主将使他饮用光达河(Ghuta)的水,那是一条从娼妓的私处流出的河。”在火狱中,将会有从娼妓私处流出的脓液,而这脓液将被赐给那些坚持饮酒直至死去的人。
The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said, "Whoever persists in drinking wine and then dies, Allah will make him drink from the river of Ghuta, a river flows the genitals of the whores.”4 In the Fire there will be pus flowing from the whores' genitals that which will be offered to whoever dies persisting in drinking wine.
先知ﷺ说:"仅次于多神崇拜(shirk)的,是男人把精液射入非法的子宫。"5
The Prophet (pbuh) said, "Next to polytheism (shirk), is the semen ejaculated by a man in an unlawful womb.”5
在火狱之中有一个山谷,其中有蛇。每一条蛇都像骆驼的脖子一样粗。
"In the Hell-Fire there is a valley in which contains serpents. Each serpent is as fat as a camel's neck.
当它蜇到不礼拜的人时,毒液会在他的住所里沸腾七十年,然后他的肉会被撕裂。另有一个名为哈赞(苦难)的山谷,里面有蛇和蝎子。每只蝎子都像骡子一样大,有七十根刺,每根刺的末端都带有毒液的尖端。然后,它蜇中通奸者,把毒液喷洒在他的身体里。通奸者要忍受这剧痛的毒液一千年。然后他的肉会被撕裂,脓液从他的生殖器流出。6
When it stings the one who does not pray, it's poison boils in his abode for seventy years and then his flesh is torn out. There is also a valley called the well of Hazan (suffering) which contains serpents and scorpions. Each scorpion is as huge as a mule and has seventy spines. Each spine ends in a poisonous edge. Then, it strikes the adulterer and sprays poison in his body. The adulterer suffers from this painful poison for a thousand years. Then his flesh is torn out and pus flows from his genitals.”6
“任何与已婚女子通奸的人,都将遭受本应降临在这一民族半数人身上的那种刑罚,在坟墓中受苦。此后,在审判日,真主将赋予不知情(她所做之事)的丈夫处置她善功的权利。但如果他知情却不作为,那么他和他的妻子都将被剥夺进入天堂的资格,因为天堂之门上有一句话写着:‘皮条客不得入内。’”7
"Whoever makes love with a married woman, they will suffer the torture which is supposed to afflict half of this nation in grave. Afterwards, on the Day of Judgment, Allah will give her husband, who does not know (what she does), the right to dispose her good deeds. But if he knows and does nothing, he and his wife will be deprived of Paradise as there is a statement on the door of Paradise which reads, unlawful for the pimp.”7
"凡因情欲触碰不合法于他的女子,他将在审判日被复活,手被绑在颈上。若是亲吻,他的嘴唇将在火中被夹住。若他犯了奸淫,他的大腿将在审判日作证反对他,说:'我曾作证于非法之事。'然后,真主因愤怒而注视他,于是他脸上的肉便脱落下来。若他傲慢地说:'我从未如此做过。'那么舌头便作证说:'我说出了非法之言。'手也说:'我触碰了非法之物。'眼睛说:'我看了非法之物。'双腿说:'我走向了非法之物。'最后,生殖器说:'我做了这事。'至于护卫天使,他说:'我听到了。'另一位说:'我记录了。'最后,真主说:'我知道,却将他隐藏了。'"1
"Whoever touches a woman, who is not lawful to him, because of lust, he will be resurrected with his hand tied to his neck on the Day of Judgment. In case of kissing, his lips will be nipped in the fire. Eventually, if he fell in adultery, his thighs will witness against him, on the Day of Judgment by saying, "I lied on an unlawful" Then, Allah looks to him out of wrath. Thus, his face's flesh fells down. If he arrogantly says, "I never did so" Then the tongue witnesses by saying, 'I produced an unlawful utterance.' The hand also says, 'I touched unlawful things.' The eyes says' I looked to the unlawful.' The legs say:' To the unlawful objects did I walk' Finally, the genital says, 'I applied. ' As for the guardian angels, he says, 'I heard, and another says,'I wrote' eventually, Allah says, "I knew but concealed him.”1
然后,真主说:"众天使啊!把他抓去施以刑罚吧。我的愤怒对那些不敬畏我的人是严厉的。"这在真主的经典中有所显示,愿祂至高无上。
Then, Allah says, "0 angels! Take him away to torture him. Severe is My wrath on those who are not shy from Me." This is shown in Allah's Book Exalted be He:
{在那一天,他们的舌头、手和脚,将就他们所做的事作证反对他们。}(《光明章》:24)。2
{On the Day when their tongue, their hands, and their feet will bear witness against them as to their actions.} (AINur: 24).”2
最严重的通奸形式是与自己的母亲、姐妹、继母以及不可通婚的亲属发生乱伦。
The most grievous kind of adultery is incenstry with one's mother, sister, stepmother and unmarriageable relatives.
先知ﷺ说:"凡与不可通婚的亲属通奸者,必须处死。"3
The Prophet (pbuh) said, "Whoever falls into adultery with an unmarriageable relative, must be killed.”3
据艾尔-拜拉'(Al-Barra')传述:安拉的使者ﷺ派遣他的叔叔去杀一个与继母通奸的男人,并将其财产分作五份(如同战利品一样)。
AI-Barra' narrated that the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) sent his uncle to a man who made love with his step mother to kill him and divide his wealth into five parts (like the spoils of war.)
因此,我们祈求慷慨的真主宽恕我们的罪过,因为祂是最慷慨的,最仁慈的。
Therefore, we ask Allah the Bounteous to forgive our sins for He is the Most Bounteous, the Most Kind.
由布哈里和穆斯林记载。
1 Reported by AI-Bukhari and Muslim.
由艾布·达乌德记录。
2 Reported by Abu-Dawud.
.
.
由阿尔-哈基姆转述。
1 Reported by AI-Hakim.
2 由穆斯林(Muslim)辑录。
2 Reported by Muslim.
前文已有记载。
3 Reported before.
.
.
1 由阿尔-苏尤蒂记录。
1 Reported by Al-Siuti.
2 由 Ad-Dai1ami 记载。这是一段弱的圣训。
2 Reported by Ad-Dai1ami. It's a weak hadith.
3 由阿勒·苏尤蒂记载。
3 Reported by A1-Siuti.
4 由艾哈迈德记录。
4 Reported by Ahmad.
5 由伊本·贾乌齐(Ibn Al-Jawzi)转述。
5 Reported by Ibn A1-Jawzi.
未找到。
6 Not found.
未找到。
7 Not found.
.
.
未找到。
1 Not found.
未在可靠的圣训典籍中找到。
2 Not found in the authentic books of Hadith.
由阿尔-哈基姆(Al-Hakim)记载。
3 Reported by AI-Hakim.