真主至高说:{那些不义地吞食孤儿财产的人,只是把火吞进自己的肚腹,他们将很快进入烈焰之中。}(妇女章:10)

Allah, the Most High, says, {Those who unjustly eat up the property of orphans eat up fire into their own bodies: they will soon be enduring a blazing fire.} (Al-Nisa': 10)

《古兰经》还说：{除了为改善孤儿的财产外，不要接近它，直到他达到壮年。}（阿尔-伊姆兰：152）

The Qur'an also states, {Come not nigh to the orphan's property except to improve it, until he attains the age of full strength.} (Al-Imran: 152)

先知ﷺ说:"在我被提升至夜行升霄(Mi'raj)时,我看见一些人张着嘴,被另一些人强迫着。接着来了另一些人,把火石塞进他们口中,火石穿透他们的身体,从肛门里出来。我疑惑地问:'他们是谁,Gabriel?'他回答:'他们是那些不义地吞食孤儿财产的人,他们吞进的是体内的火。'"1

The Prophet (pbuh) said, "When I was taken up in Ascent (Mi'raj) I saw some men gapping their jaws under the coercion of other men. Then came another men who fed them stones of fire that penetrated their bodies and came out from their anus. I wondered: 'Who are they, Gabriel?' He replied, 'They are those who unjustly eat up the property of orphans eat up a fire intotheir bodies.”1

据传，安拉的使者ﷺ说："至高的安拉会使一些人从坟墓中复活，他们的身体中燃烧着火焰，烧灼他们的脸面。"有人问先知ﷺ："安拉的使者啊，他们是谁？"他说："全能的安拉说：{那些不义地吞食孤儿财产的人，他们只是在自己的肚腹里吞食火焰，他们将很快进入烈火之中。}"（《妇女章》：10）2

It was related that the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said, "Allah, Most High resurrected some people from their graves with fire flaming out from their bodies and burning their faces." The Prophet was asked: 'Who are they, Messenger of Allah?" He said,' Allah, the Almighty says, {Those who unjustly will eat up the property of orphans eat up a fire into their own bodies: they will soon be enduring a blazing fire.} (AI-Nisa': 10)2

至于艾斯-赛迪(愿真主喜悦他)说："在审判日，侵占孤儿财产的人将被复活，火焰从他的口、耳、鼻和眼中冒出。因此，他将极易被辨认。"（伊斯玛仪·本·阿卜杜勒拉赫曼·艾斯-赛迪曾被指控追随什叶派。）

As-Sadiy, may Allah be pleased with him, said, "On the Day of Judgement, the one who appropriated an orphan's property will be resurrected with the flames of fire coming out from his mouth, ears, nose and eyes. Therefore, he will be well-identified." (Isma'il Ibn AbdelRahman As-Sadiy was accused of following the Shi'ah sect.)

学者们认为，如果贫穷的孤儿监护人在不超过允许范围的情况下，为了料理和改善孤儿的财务事务而取用一些被监护人的财产，那么这并无妨碍。

Scholars said that there is no harm if a poor guardian of an orphan consumes some of his charge's property without exceeding what is permissible as much as he disposes and improves his business affairs.

凡超出允许范围的，绝对非法（Suht）？真主，至尊者说：{监护人若富足，就不应取报酬；若贫穷，则可按合理公道的方式取用。当你们把他们的财产交还给他们时，应当在场作证。真主足以作清算。}（妇女章：6）

What is in excess of the permissible is absolutely unlawful (Suht)? Allah, the Almighty says, {If the guardian is well-off, let him claim no remuneration, but if he is poor, let him have for himself what is just, reasonable. When ye release their property then, take witnesses in their presence: But all-sufficient is Allah in taking account.} (An-Nisa': 6)

合理地动用孤儿的财产，可以有以下几种解释：意图是借贷，满足自身的需要而不过度，收取处理或改善孤儿产业的报酬，或者在需要时取用，并打算在自己富足后归还所取之物。伊本·允吉（Ibn AI-Jawziy）在他的《泰弗西尔》（经注学）中提到了这些不同的观点。

Reasonable consuming of an orphan's property may be interpreted as: Intending the loan, fulfilling his own needs without excess, taking the wage of disposing or improving the orphan's business or intending to return what he takes out of need, if he becomes prosperous. These different points of views are mentioned by Ibn AI-Jawziy in his Tafsir (exegesis)

“我和抚养孤儿的人，将会像这样一同进入乐园”，他并拢食指和中指，中间不留空隙（以此作比喻）。” 1

"I and one who takes care of an orphan, will enter paradise together like this" and he raised his forefinger and middle finger jointly leaving no space betWeen them (by way of illustration)." 1

“我和抚养孤儿的人，无论孤儿是他的亲属还是外人，在乐园中就像这两者一样；”叙述者竖起食指和中指来加以比划。”2

"I and one who takes care of an orphan, whether related to him or a stranger, will be like these two in paradise;" and the narrator raised his forefinger and middle finger to illustrate this.” 2

孤儿的监护，指的是处理他的事务：包括食物、衣着，以及在他有财产的情况下使其财产增值。如果他贫穷，则提倡为了安拉的缘故而照顾他。在上述圣训中提到，孤儿的监护人可以是亲属，也可以不是亲属，正如先知ﷺ在圣训中所说："与他有亲属关系的，或是陌生人。"先知ﷺ说："谁在穆斯林中接纳一个孤儿，供他饮食，直到安拉使他富足，安拉就会使乐园为他必定成立，除非他犯了不可饶恕的大罪。"3

The guardianship of an orphan means to dispose his affairs: food, clothing and to improve his property if he has any. However, if he is poor, it is recommended to take care of him for the sake of Allah. In the aforementioned hadith, there is a reference that the orphan mayor may not be a relative as the Prophet says in the hadith: “related to him or a stranger” The Prophet (pbuh) said, "Whoever receives an orphan from amongst the Muslims to feed and give him drink until Allah makes him prosperous, Allah will render the Paradise binding to him unless he commits an unforgivable sin.” 3

“真主的使者ﷺ说：‘谁为了真主的缘故抚摸孤儿的头，他每摸过一根头发，就会获得一份善功的回报。谁抚养孤儿并善待他或她，我和他将像这样（然后他并拢了两根手指）一起进入乐园。’”4

The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said, "Whoever wipes over an orphan's head for the sake of Allah, he will be rewarded for every hair he touched good deeds. Whoever has an orphan and treats him or her kindly, I and he will be in the Paradise like that (Then he combined his two fingers).” 4

有人向阿布·达尔达'请教一条劝诫。他劝告说:"要怜悯孤儿,让他靠近你,并让他吃你所吃的食物。我听到安拉的使者(愿主福安之)说,当有人问他自己心肠硬的问题时,他说:'如果你想使你的心变软,那么你应当让孤儿靠近你,抚摸他的头,并让他吃你所吃的食物。这些必定能使你的心变软,并使你能够做到你所需要做的事。'"5

Someone asked Abu Ad-Darda' an advice. Thus he advised him saying, "Show mercy to the orphan, bring him nearer to you and feed him of what you eat. I heard Allah's Messenger (pbuh), when a man asked him about the harshness of his heart, saying, "If you want to soften your heart, then you should bring the orphan nearer, wipe over his head and feed him of what you eat. These surely will soften your heart and enable you to do what you need.” 5

一位早期的穆斯林讲述道:"我起初常常犯罪,饮酒作乐。后来有一天,我收留了一个可怜的孤儿。我善待他,给他饭吃,为他洗澡,给他穿衣。我对待他的温柔,甚至超过了一个人对待自己亲生儿子的程度。之后我去睡觉,梦见是审判之日,我被召去接受清算。随后,我因罪孽将要被投入火狱。我被惩罚的天使拖向火狱。就在我被拖往火狱时,那个孤儿挡在我面前,说:'我主的天使啊,放了他吧。让我为他向安拉求情,因为他善待我、尊重我。'但天使说:'我们没有奉命这样做。'然后传来安拉的呼声:'放了他。因为孤儿的求情,以及他对孤儿的善待,我宽恕了他。'于是我起身,向至高无上的安拉忏悔。此后,我一直尽力怜悯孤儿。"

One of the early Muslims recounted, "I was at first used to committing sins and drinking wine. Then, one day I received a poor orphan. I was kind to him, fed him, gave him a bath and clothed him. I treated him as tenderly as a man does with his own son and more. Afterwards, I went to sleep I dreamt that it was the day of Judgement and I was called for reckoning. Then, I was to go to Hell for my sins. I was dragged by the angels of punishment to the Fire. Meanwhile, when I was being dragged to the Fire, the orphan blocked me and said, 'O angels of my Lord, let him go. So as to intercede for him before Allah since he treated me kindly and honored me.' But the angels said; 'We were not commanded to do so.' Then came the call of Allah, "Let him go. I forgave him because of the orphan's intercession and the kind treatment he did with him. Then, I got up and repented to Allah the High Exalted. Later on, I kept on doing my best to show mercy to orphans.

先知(愿主赐福他并使他平安)说:"最好的房屋是收养孤儿并善待他的房屋,最坏的房屋是虐待孤儿的房屋。真主至高无上最喜爱的人,是为孤儿或寡妇施恩的人。" Wait, I must follow the rules: "pbuh" is an honorific written as abbreviation, so I should write ﷺ instead of the written-out honorific. Corrected: 先知ﷺ说:"最好的房屋是收养孤儿并善待他的房屋,最坏的房屋是虐待孤儿的房屋。真主至高无上最喜爱的人,是为孤儿或寡妇施恩的人。"1

The Prophet (pbuh) said, "The best of the houses is that which contains an orphan who is treated kindly and the worst of the houses is that which mistreats him. The most beloved one to Allah the Almighty is the one who offers a favor to an orphan or a widow.”1

安拉启示大卫（愿主福安之）："大卫啊！要像慈爱的父亲一样照顾孤儿，像善良的丈夫一样对待寡妇。你要记住，你所付出的越多，你所收获的也越多。"

"Allah revealed to Dawud (pbuh): "0 Dawud! Be a loving father to the orphan, and a kind husband to the widow. Put into your account that the more you do the more you reap 2

这意味着，你所做的任何事情，其后果都会随之而来。例如，当你去世后留下子女或寡妇，他们也会受到你曾经对待他人的同样对待。

This means that whatever you do, you will find its consequences thereafter. For example, when you die and leave a child or a widow, thy will be treated in the same manner you treated others.

在他的祷词中,达乌德说:"真主啊!为了你的缘故而照顾孤儿或寡妇的人,其报酬是什么?"真主回答说:"在没有阴影的那日,他将处在我的荫庇之下。"即在审判日,处于宝座的荫庇之下。 以下是另一则叙述,突出了仁慈对待孤儿和寡妇的美德。 从前有一个人属于阿洛维耶教派。他住在巴尔赫(一个拜占庭地区),有一个妻子和几个女儿。他们生活富足、丰衣足食。后来丈夫去世了。他的遗孀和女儿们变得如此贫困,以至于她们搬到另一个城镇,以躲避敌人幸灾乐祸的目光。进入城镇后,她带着女儿们住进了一座废弃的清真寺。然后,她出去为她们找些吃的。她经过两个人,一个是穆斯林,一个是拜火教徒。

In his soliloquy, Dawud says, "O Allah! What is the recompense of whomever takes care of an orphan or a widow for Your Sake?" Allah answered, "He will be under the Shade of Mine when there will be no shade except Mine." i.e., the shade of the Throne on the Day of Judgement." The following is another account that highlights the excellence of treating the orphan and the widow kindly. Once there was someone who belonged to the 'Alowiyyin sect. He lived in Balkh (a Byzantine region) and had a wife and several daughters. They were living in luxury and prosperity. Then the husband died. His widow and daughters become so poor that they moved to another town to flee from the ghost of noticing their enemies rejoice at her misfortune. Having entered the town she resorted to a deserted mosque with her daughters. Then, she went out to bring them something to eat. She passed by two people, a Muslim and a magian.

她先是问这位穆斯林，并向他讲述了自己作为阿拉维派（'Alawiyyeen）中一位受人尊敬的女性，曾经历了很多苦难。但他要求她提供证据。她说，自己是一个陌生人。

She started by asking the Muslim and explained to him how she suffered a lot while she was an honored woman from the 'Alawyyeen sect. But he asked her to show evidence. She said she was stranger.

但是，他并没有理会她。于是，她带着悲伤离开了，并再次向一位麦加人讲述自己的情况，说她有四个女儿，都是孤儿，生活困难。她又把自己的遭遇讲给一位穆斯林谢赫听。

But, he did not pay attention to her. Then, she left feeling sad and again explained her case to magian and how she had four daughters who were orphans and in need. She recounted her story to a Muslim Sheikh.

那个拜火教徒派他的女眷去把她和女儿们接回家。他好好地款待她们，给她们穿上华美的衣服。她们在他那里过着富足和尊贵的生活。 午夜时分，那位拒绝了那名妇女的穆斯林梦见了审判日。一面旗帜被升起在先知ﷺ的头顶上。there was一座碧绿翡翠的宫殿，其窗户由珍珠和刚玉制成，还有珍珠和珊瑚做成的穹顶。他便问安拉的使者ﷺ："这是谁的宫殿？" "属于信仰独一安拉的穆斯林的。" "啊，安拉的使者ﷺ，我是穆斯林。"那人说。但先知ﷺ要求他拿出证据，证明他是穆斯林。

The magian sent his ladies to bring her and daughters home. He fed them and clothed them well. They stayed with him in luxury and honor. At midnight, the Muslim who turned the woman away dreamt that it was the Day of Judgement. A banner was risen over the Prophet's head. There was a palace of green emerald whose windows were of pearls and corundum and also had domes of pearls and corals. He then asked the Messenger of Allah: "Whose palace is it?" For a Muslim who believes in Allah, the One.' O Allah's Messenger I am a Muslim, the man said. But the prophet asked him to show the evidence that he was a Muslim.

那个人感到困惑。于是先知ﷺ说："当那位阿拉维耶妇人问你时，你要求她出示证据证明她是阿拉维人。那么，你也出示证据给我看，证明你是穆斯林。"随后，那个人难过地站起身，因为他拒绝了那位妇人。他开始在城里寻找她，最终在一个拜火教徒的家中找到了她。他向那位拜火教徒询问那位妇人和她女儿们的情况，但那拜火教徒拒绝了，并说，因为她们，他得到了许多福泽。

The man was perplexed. Accordingly, the prophet said "When the 'Alawiyya woman asked you, you asked her to show an evidence that she was Alawiy. Thus, show me evidence that you are Muslim. Then, the man got up sadly for repelling the woman. He started to search for her in the town until he found her in the Magian's house. He asked him about the woman and her daughters, but the Magian refused and said many blessing were showered upon him because of them.

那人坚持要拿走它们，甚至向那位拜火教徒提出给他一千第纳尔，但他再次拒绝了。

The man persisted to take them and even offered the Magian a thousand dinars but he refused again.

穆斯林说：“但我应当拿走它们。”于是，那位拜火教徒说：“你想要的正是我的，你在梦中看见的那座宫殿是为我而造的。你能否引导我皈依伊斯兰？以真主发誓，昨天我没有睡觉，我和家人就在那位妇女的引导下皈依了伊斯兰。我也做了同样的梦。”先知问我：“那位阿拉维的妇女和她的女儿们在你的家里吗？”我说：“是的，安拉的使者。”他便说：“那座宫殿是为你和你的家人而造的，你们所有人都将进入天堂。你从创世之初就是一名穆斯林。”于是，那位穆斯林悲伤地走开了。

The Muslim said but I should take them. Then, the Magian said, what you want is mine and the palace which you saw in your dream was created for me. May you guide me to embrace Islam? By Allah, I did not sleep yesterday before my family and I embraced Islam at the hands of the woman. I had also the same dream. The Prophet asked me, "were the 'Alawiy woman and her daughters in your house?" I said 'yes', Messenger Of Allah? He, then, said, the palace is for you and your family and all of you will enter Paradise. You were created a Muslim from the beginning of the creation. Then, the Muslim went away sadly.

看哪！真主如何在今世厚赐那些温柔对待寡妇和孤儿的人。

Behold! How Allah blesses those who treat widows and orphans tenderly in this world.

"为寡妇和贫困者奔走操劳的人，就如同在安拉的道路上圣战的战士（mujahid），"叙述者认为，他（愿主赐福他并使他平安）又说："也如同礼拜不倦、从不疲倦的人，也如同斋戒且从不破斋的人。"1

"He who works hard an behalf of old women and the indigent, is like a Mujahid (a warrior) in the cause of Allah and the narrator thinks, he (pbuh) added, "and like the person standing in prayer and who never tires, and like one who observes the fast and does not break it.”1