安拉至高说:{你们不要自杀。安拉确是慈悯你们的。谁为了侵犯和不义而这样做,我必使他入火狱。这对安拉是容易的。}(《妇女章》:29-30)

Allah Most High states, {And kill not one another. Surely, God is Compassionate to you, but whosoever does that in transgression and wrongfully, him We shall certainly roast at afire! and that for God is an easy matter.} (An-Nisa': 29-30)

在对这两节经文的解释中,AI-Wahidy 指出:{不要自相残杀},穆斯林被禁止互相杀害,因为他们信奉同一宗教,即伊斯兰教。因此他们如同一个人。这是伊本·阿拔斯和大多数学者的观点。然而,另一些学者认为,这节经文中的禁令仅限于自杀。为了支持自己的观点,后一类学者引用了如下记载:阿布·曼苏尔·伊本·穆罕默德·AI-Mmsuri 转述说,阿慕尔·伊本·阿斯说:“在宰特·赛拉西勒之役中,我在一个寒冷的夜晚遗精了。天气非常冷,我担心如果洗澡会生病。因此,我做了干净土净(Tayamum),并带领同伴们做晨礼。回到麦地那后,先知ﷺ对我说:‘阿慕尔啊!你是否在大净未完成的情况下带领同伴们礼拜了?’我回答说:‘安拉的使者啊!我读了这节经文:{不要自相残杀!真主确是对你们慈悯的。}’也就是说,他没有洗澡,以免因此丧命。听到这话,安拉的使者ﷺ微笑了,并保持沉默。”1

In his explanation to these two verses, AI-Wahidy stated, {And kill not one another,} Muslims are prohibited to murder each other because they are adherents to one religion, Islam. Therefore they are like a single person. This is the opinion of Ibn `Abbas and the majority of scholars. However other scholars are of the opinion that the prohibition in this verse is restricted to suicide. To support their opinion, the latter group of scholars quotes the following " Abu Mansour Ibn Muhammad AI-Mmsuri narrated' Arnr Ibn AI- `Aas saying, "In the battle of Zatt Al-Salasil, I had a wet dream on a cold night. The weather was so cold that I feared becoming ill if I had had a shower. Therefore, I performed dry ablution (Tayamum) and led my companions in the Dawn Prayer. On our return to Medina, the Prophet (pbuh) said to me, 'O `Arnr! "Have you led your companions in Prayer while you were in a state of major impurity?" Then I responded, "O Messenger of Allah! I read the verse, {And kill not one another! Surely God is Compassionate to you.} i.e, he had not had a shower lest it would bring his life to an end. On hearing this, the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) smiled and kept silent.”1

这件事清楚表明,'Amr(愿真主喜悦他)理解这节经文是指向自杀的,而真主的使者(愿主福安之)并没有否认他的这种理解。

This incident has a clear indication that' Arnr (may Allah be pleased with him) grasped the meaning of the verse as a reference to suicide and the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) did not deny this.

{但凡做出那些的人,~ 指的是此章从开头所列的一切禁令,依据伊本·阿拔斯(愿安拉喜悦他们二人)的说法。然而,其他学者则认为,这里指的是非法侵吞他人财产和不义地杀人。}

{But whosoever does that, ~ refers to all prohibitions that the Surah states from its beginning according to the saying of Ibn `Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both). Other scholars, however, are of the opinion that the reference here is to the consumption of another's property with no right and unlawful murder.

{因越界和不义地},指的是那些犯下谋杀或自杀罪行、并违抗真主法度的人。

{In transgression and wrongfully,} means that those who commit murder or suicide and rebel against the Laws of Allah.

{我们必将把他投入火中焚烧；这对真主来说是轻而易举的事。} 诚然，真主是全能的，祂有能力实现祂所许诺或警告的一切。

{Him we shall certainly roast in a Fire; and that for God is an easy matter.} Surely, Allah is the Omnipotent Who has Power to fulfill what He has promised or warned.

据贾农德·本·阿卜杜拉（愿真主喜悦他）传述：真主的使者（愿主福安之）说："在你们之前的人中，有一个人身上有伤口。他因此忧郁沮丧，便拿刀割了自己的手。血一直流个不停，直到他死去。全能的真主说：'我的仆人抢先了我，我已为他禁止了乐园。'"2

On the authority of Jundub Ibn 'Abdullah (may Allah be pleased with him) the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said, "There was amongst those before you a man who had a wound. He was depressed that he took a knife and cut his hand. The blood did not cease to flow until he died. Allah the Almighty said, 'My servant has forestalled Me, and I have forbidden paradise for him. .”2

艾布·胡莱赖ra(愿安拉喜悦他)传述,先知ﷺ说:"故意从山上跳下自杀的人,将在火狱中坠落,并永远居留其中;饮毒自杀的人,他会手持自己的毒药,在火狱中饮下它,并永远居留其中;用铁器自杀的人,他会手持那件铁器,在火狱中用它刺杀自己,并永远居留其中。"1

Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (pbuh) said, "Whoever purposely throws himself from a mountain and kills himself will be in the Hell-fire falling down into it and abiding therein perpetually forever; and whoever drinks poison and kills himself with it, he will carry his poison in his hand and drink it in the Hell-fire wherein he will abide forever, and whoever kills himself with an iron weapon, he will carry that weapon in his hand and stab himself with it in the Hell-fire wherein he will abide forever.”1

萨比特·本·达哈克(愿安拉喜悦他)转述说,安拉的使者ﷺ曾说:"谁以今世的某物自杀,他在复活日就会以那同一物受刑罚。咒骂信士与指控他不信道,都等同于杀害他。"2

Thabit Ibn Al-Dahhak (may Allah be pleased with him) reported the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) to have said, "He who killed himself with any thing in this world will be tormented with that very thing on the Day of Judgment. Both cursing the believer and charging him with disbelief is tantamount to killing him.” 2

又见于《圣训实录》中："安拉的使者（愿主福安之）告诉他的同伴们一件关于某人的事：此人在与先知（愿主福安之）作战时受了伤，但他没有忍耐，用剑尖结束了自己的生命。先知（愿主福安之）说：'此人将属于火狱的居民。'" 3

It is also stated in the Sahih that "The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) told his Companions about a man, who was wounded during a battle with the Prophet but he was not patient and he killed himself with the tip of his sword. The Prophet (pbuh) said "that this man will to be among the people of Hell.” 3