对他人的过分行为
Excess Against Others
安拉,全能的主说:{罪责只在于那些欺压世人、在地上无端作乱、悖逆正义和公理的人,这些人将受到痛苦的刑罚。}(舒拉章:42:42)
Allah, the Almighty said, {The blame is only against those who oppress men with wrong-doing and insolently transgress beyond bounds through the land, defying right and justice: for such there will be a chastisement grievous} (Ash-Shura: 42)
先知(愿主赐予他平安)说:"真主启示我,你们都要谦卑,任何人都不得自高于他人。"ﷺ 1
The Prophet (pbuh) said, "Allah has inspired to me that you are all to be humble and that no one should exalt himself above another.” 1
据传还有这样一段话:“如果一座山侵犯另一座山,安拉必使那侵犯者化为尘土。”2
It is also reported that, "If a mountain transgresses against the other, Allah will make the one that transgressed it into dust.”2
先知ﷺ还说:“没有哪一种罪过,比起犯下它的人在今世遭受惩罚、并在后世也受到惩罚,更应当被安拉如此惩处的了,那就是欺压他人和断绝亲属关系的罪。”3
The Prophet (pbuh) also said, "There is no sin whose owner is more deserving to be tortured by Allah in this world along with punishment in the Hereafter than the one who transgresses against others and severs the relation with one's kin.”3
当安拉,全能的主,使古伦(Qarun)对他的族人作恶时,大地便将他吞没。
Allah, the Almighty caused the earth to swallow up Qarun when he transgressed against his people.
关于他,安拉至高无上说:{古兰本是穆萨的族人,但他对他们傲慢无礼。}(《故事》:76)
Concerning him, Allah the Almighty said, {Qarun was doubtless, of the people of Moses but he acted insolently towards them.} (Al-Qasas: 76)
安拉,至高无上,也说:{于是我使大地吞没了他和他的住宅……}(《故事》:81)
Allah, the Almighty also said, {Then we caused the earth to swallow up him and his house.................} (Al-Qasas: 81)
伊本·al-Jawzi(愿安拉怜悯他)说:学者们对古兰的过错究竟是什么存在分歧。伊本·阿拔斯说,他为淫妇指定了一笔钱,让她们去指控穆萨(愿主赐他平安)犯下这桩可憎的罪行。阿德-达哈克说,他的过错是不信安拉,全能的主。古塔达说,他的过错是自我抬高。阿塔·阿尔-呼罗珊尼说,他的过错是把衣服做得比别人长了一掌。阿尔-马瓦尔迪说,他曾侍奉法老,并且悖逆,压迫以色列的后裔。
Ibn Al-Jawzi (may Allah have mercy upon him) said, the scholars are in disagreement about the identification of Qarun's transgression. Ibn 'Abbas said that he designate for the adulteresses a sum of money to charge Moses (pbuh) with this heinous crime. Ad-Dahak said he transgressed by disbelief in Allah, the Almighty. Qatada said he transgressed through exalting himself. Ata' Al- Khurasani said, he transgressed through making his clothes longer than the peoples by a span. And Al-Mawrdi said, he served under the Pharaoh and he transgressed and oppressed the children of Israel.
关于安拉的话:{于是我使大地吞没了他和他的住宅},学者们说:"当古伦下令那些淫妇如前所述诬告穆萨时,穆萨很愤怒,便向安拉祈求惩罚他。至尊的安拉启示他说:'我已命令大地服从你,你想怎样命令它就怎样吩咐吧。'穆萨说:'大地啊,吞没他吧。'于是大地把他吞了下去,直到他的床陷入地中。古伦见此情景便以亲戚关系恳求穆萨。但穆萨说:'大地啊,吞没他吧。'大地便将他吞下,直到他的双脚也陷了下去。穆萨继续祈求,直到古伦被大地完全吞没。于是安拉启示他说:'穆萨啊,你是多么严厉!以我的尊荣和威严起誓,即使他向我恳求,我也会应允他!'伊本·阿拔斯说:安拉使大地吞没他,直到他下沉到最底层的土地。"
Concerning Allah's saying" {Then we caused the earth to swallow up him and his house} the scholars said, "When Qarun ordered the adulteresses to charge Moses as previously mentioned, Moses got angry and he supplicated Allah against him. Allah the Almighty revealed to him saying, "I ordered the earth to obey you so order it with whatever you want. Moses said, 'O earth, swallow him,' so it swallowed him until his bed was sunk into the earth. When Qarun saw this he entreated Moses by the kinship. But Moses said, 'O earth, swallow him and it took him until his feet were sunk.' Moses continued to supplicate until Qarun was completely swallowed by the earth. There upon Allah revealed to him, O Moses how harsh you are. By my honor and Glory, if he entreated me, I would respond to him! Ibn 'Abbas said, Allah caused the earth to swallow him up until he reached to the lowest earth.
萨穆拉·本·朱伦度传述说,每当大地吞没他时,他便会恢复原状,然后这个过程会重复发生。穆卡提夫说:"当古伦被毁灭后,以色列的后裔说:'是穆萨毁灭了他,为了夺取他的财产和房屋。'于是真主在三天之后使大地吞没了他;{他没有任何一伙人可以帮助他对抗真主},即保护他免受真主的惩罚,{他也不能自卫},即他无法阻止真主降给他的惩罚。
Samrah Ibn Jundub said, whenever the earth swallowed him he would return back to normal and the process would be repeated. Muqatif said, "When Qarun was destroyed, Banu Israel said, "It is Moses who destroyed him to take his property and his house, so Allah caused the earth to swallow him up after three days; {And he had not (the least little) party to help him against Allah)} i.e., to protect him from Allah, {Nor could he defend himself} i.e. he could not prevent what Allah has revealed him of chastisement.
由穆斯林记录。
1 Reported by Muslim.
由苏尤蒂记载。
2 Reported by As-Suyuti.
由伊本·马哲记录。
3 Reported by Ibn Majah.