安拉至大说:{那些无端伤害信道的男人和女人的人,确已担负诽谤和明显罪恶的罪名。}(奥布赞:58)

Allah, the Almighty said, {And those who annoy believing men and women undeservedly, bear (on themselves) a calumny and a glaring sin.} (AI-Ahzab: 58)

{哎，信道的人们！你们中不要有人嘲笑别人，或许被嘲笑的人比嘲笑者更好；也不要有女人嘲笑别的女人，或许被嘲笑的女人比嘲笑者更好：}

{O ye who believe! Let not some men among you laugh at others: it may be that the (latter) are better than the (former): nor let some women laugh at others: it may be that the (latter) are better than the (former):

也不要互相讥笑、彼此诽谤，也不要互相以讨厌的绰号相称。信道后还被称为恶徒，那是可耻的。不悔改的人，他们才是不义的人。(《胜利章》：11)

nor defame nor be sarcastic to each other, nor call each other by (offensive) nick names: ill-seeming is a name connecting wickedness, (to be used of one) after he has believed: and those who do not desist are (indeed) doing wrong.} (AI-Hujurat: 11)

安拉，至高无上的，也说：{你们不要互相窥探，也不要互相背后诽谤……}（final: 49:12） Note: the surah name as written in the original is "AI-Hujurat", which I've kept as the surah title "Al-Hujurat" in Chinese. Correction to the above, as the surah name should be transliterated as in the original: 安拉，至高无上的，也说：{你们不要互相窥探，也不要互相背后诽谤……}（Al-Hujurat: 12）

Allah, the Almighty also said, {And spy not on each other, nor speak ill of each other... } (AI-Hujurat: 12)

信使（愿主福安之）说：“在审判日，地位最低的人，是因为人们惧怕他的恶行而远离他的人。”1

The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said, "On the Day of Judgment, the worst status will be for the one whom the people exclude because they fear his evil conduct.” 1

信使（ﷺ）也说："安拉的仆人们啊！全能的安拉禁止对任何人施行不义，除非是那些诋毁兄弟尊严的人。这种人是对自己不义，或毁灭了自己的人。"ﷺ2

The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) also said, "O servants of Allah! Allah the Almighty has forbidden oppression against anyone except the one who tale bears about the dignity of his brother. This is the one who committed injustice against himself or destroyed himself.”2

在另一段圣训中有这样的记载："穆斯林对另一位穆斯林而言，其血液、财产和名誉都是神圣不可侵犯的。"3

In another hadith, it is reported that, "The whole of a Muslim is sanctified for another Muslim with regards to his blood, his property and his honor.”3

先知（愿主赐予他平安）ﷺ说："穆斯林是穆斯林的兄弟。他不欺压他，不抛弃他，不轻视他，也不蔑视他。一个人轻贱自己的穆斯林兄弟，这本身就足以构成罪恶。"4

The Prophet (pbuh) said, "The Muslim is the brother of the Muslim. He does not oppress him, hang back from him, coming to his and or belittle him, it is sufficiently wicked for someone to demean his fellow Muslim.”4

他（愿主赐其平安）又说："辱骂穆斯林是罪恶，与他争斗是背信弃义。" 据艾布·胡莱赖（愿真主喜悦他）传述，他说："有人问真主的使者ﷺ：'真主的使者啊，某某女人整夜礼拜，整日斋戒，还做了某某善事并施舍，但她的舌头却恶意伤害邻居。'使者ﷺ回答说：'她没有任何善行，她将入火狱。'"1

He (pbuh) also said, "Insulting the Muslim is wickedness and fighting him is unbelief'. On the authority of Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) who said," The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) was asked, "O Messenger of Allah, so and so spends her nights praying, and her days fasting, she does so and so and gives in charity but there is something in her tongue that maliciously injures her neighbors. He replied, there is no good in her, she will go to Hell.”1

另有一则传述称："你们要提及亡者的善行，避免提及他们的恶行。"2

In another narration, it is reported that, "Mention the good deeds of your dead and keep a way from their bad deeds.”2

真主的使者ﷺ说："当我被带上升霄（夜行登霄）时，我经过一些人，他们有铜制的指甲，用它们抓挠自己的脸和胸膛。我问：'这些人是谁，吉卜利勒？'他说：'他们是那些中伤他人（吃人肉）、毁坏他人名誉的人。'"3

The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said, "When I was taken up in the ascent (Mi'raj), I passed by people with fingernails of copper who were scratching their faces and chests with them. I asked who are they, Gabriel? And he said, "They are those who slandered others (ate people's flesh) and attacked their reputations.”3

针对信士之间挑拨离间的恐吓，以及对牲畜和各种野兽的规定：先知（ﷺ）曾说："撒旦已经绝望，不会再在阿拉伯半岛被人崇拜，但他仍在希望挑唆他们互相争斗。"4

Intimidation against instigation amongst the believers, animals and all kinds of beasts: the Prophet (pbuh) is reported to have said, "Satan has despaired of ever being worshipped in the land of the Arabs, but he is still hoping to instigate them against each other.”4

因此,凡是挑拨亚当子孙彼此相争、散布使他们受害之事的人,他就是搬弄是非者,是撒旦一伙中最恶劣的被造物之一。

Therefore, whoever instigates the sons of Adam against each other and spreads amongst them what causes them harm, he is a tale bearer and he is among the people of the Satan who are the worst of creatures.

先知ﷺ曾说:"我是否告诉你们,你们中最坏的人是谁?"众圣门弟子回答说:"是的,安拉的使者啊。"他说:"你们中最坏的人是那些搬弄是非的人,他们挑拨朋友之间的关系,并寻找使无辜者陷入困境的机会。"5

The Prophet (pbuh) is reported to have said, "Will I tell you about the worst amongst you? The companions replied, 'Yes, Messenger of Allah.' He said," The worst amongst you are the talebearers, who instigate the friends against each other and who seek hardship for the innocent.”5

在一段真实可靠的圣训中,安拉的使者ﷺ说:"搬弄是非者不会进入乐园。"6

In an authenticated hadith, the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) is reported to have said, "The talebearer will never enter Paradise.”6

传话者（Naamimah，即搬弄是非者）是指在人与人之间，或两位朋友之间传递言语，从而造成伤害，或使他们的心彼此疏远的人。他说：“某某这样那样地说了你，又做了这样那样的事。”除非这样做是为了某种利益，或对他有好处，比如警告他提防可能发生或已被预料到的恶事。

The talebearer is the one who transfers speech among people or between two friends in a way that harms them or makes their hearts alienated towards each other. He said, such and such said about you so and so and did so and so, unless it will be of a benefit or in his interests such as warning him against an evil which may happen or is expected.

关于唆使动物、野兽或鸟类相互争斗，是不被允许的，例如使公鸡相斗、使公羊相斗，以及唆使狗相互撕咬。

As for instigating animals, beasts or birds against each other, it is not allowed such as bickering among cocks, bullfights among rams and instigating dogs against each other.

安拉的使者ﷺ禁止此类行为，凡做此事者，便是违抗安拉及其使者。使妻子对丈夫心生疏离，或使仆人对主人心生疏离，同样属于这类恶行。据传，安拉的使者ﷺ曾说："凡挑唆妻子反对丈夫，或挑唆奴仆反对主人的人，是受诅咒的人。"我们向安拉寻求庇护，免于此类行为。1

The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) prohibited such actions and whoever does it, he disobeys Allah and his Messenger. Making the heart of the wife alienated towards her husband, or a servant towards his master, also comes under such evil doing. The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) is reported to have said, "Whoever instigates the wife against her husband or a slave against his master is a cursed person." We seek refuge in Allah from such doing.”1

号召促成人与人之间的和解 安拉，至高无上，说：{在他们的大多数密谈中没有益处，但若有人劝人施舍、行善，或在人们之间促成和解（秘密进行是允许的）；凡为求安拉的喜悦而这样做的人，我将赐予他重大的报酬。}（《妇女章》：114）

Invitation to make reconciliation amongst people Allah, the Almighty said, {In most of their secret talks there is no good: but if one exhorts to a deed of charity or goodness or reconciliation between people (secrecy is permissible): to him who does this, seeking the good pleasure of Allah, we shall soon give a reward of the highest (value)} (An-Nisa': 114)

关于这节经文,穆贾希德说:"这具有普遍性,适用于所有人。真主的意思是,人们的私下交谈中并无善处,除非是行善之事;这正是真主所说的'但若有人劝人施舍……'的含义。"伊本·阿拔斯说,所指的是维系亲属关系和恪守对真主的崇拜。一切善行之所以被称为"善",是因为它们是由理智所认可的。"或在人们之间调解。"这是先知ﷺ所鼓励的。先知ﷺ对艾布·阿尤卜·安萨里说:"我是否告诉你一件比红骆驼更好的善事?"他说:"是的,真主的使者啊。"先知ﷺ说:"当人们相互争吵时,你们要在他们之间调解;当他们的关系破裂、彼此断绝往来时,你们要使他们重新亲近。"2

Concerning this verse, Mujahid said, "This is general between all people. Allah means that there is no good in secret talks of the people except in acts of goodness and this is what meant by Allah's saying, "But if one exhorts to a deed of charity... " Ibn 'Abbas said, what is meant is that maintaining relations with one's kinship and observing Allah's worship. All charitable acts are called good because they are realized by the mind. "Or a conciliation between people." This is encouraged by the Messenger of Allah. He (pbuh) said to Abu Ayub Al-Ansari," Would I lead you to a charity which is better for you than the red camels.' He said, 'Yes, Messenger of Allah.' The Prophet said, "Reconcile between people when they are quarreling with each other and bring them near each other when their relationship breaks down (by ceasing relations) with each other.”2

乌姆·哈比芭(愿安拉喜悦她)转述说,安拉的使者ﷺ说:“亚当之子的一切言语都会被记录在他们身上,除非是命令行善、禁止作恶,或是念诵安拉,至高无上。”3

Umm Habibah (may Allah be pleased with her) reported the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) to have said, "All the speech of Adam's sons are counted against them except enjoining good, forbidding evil, or remembering Allah, the Almighty.”3

据传，有人对苏夫扬说：“这话说得真狠啊！”苏夫扬说：“你没有听到安拉的话吗？{他们的秘密交谈中，大多没有好处，但劝人施舍、行善或言和者除外}这正是用来形容这类言论的。”4

It is also reported that a man said to Sufyan, what a harsh speech this is! Sufyan said, "Didn't your hear to Allah's saying {In most of their secret talks there is no goods but if one exhorts to a deed of charity or goodness} This is typically applied to such speech.4

此后,安拉至高无上地指明,这些善功只对寻求安拉喜悦的人有益,祂说:"我将很快给他极大的报酬。"即一种永无止境的报酬。

Thereafter Allah, the Almighty indicated that these acts will avail only the one who seeks the Pleasure of Allah and He said, "We shall soon give him a reward of the highest (value)" i.e. an endless reward.

在一段圣训中有这样的记载："不是在人与人之间调解、传达善言或说好话的人，才是撒谎者。"5

In the hadith, it is reported that, "The liar is not the one who reconciles between people, encouraging good or saying something good.”5

Umm Kulthum 说:"我听到安拉的使者ﷺ允许人们说的某些话,除了三种情况之外:战争、调解人与人之间的纠纷,以及丈夫与妻子之间的交谈,反之亦然。"

Umm Kulthum said, "I heard the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) permitting something of what the people say, except in three cases, war, reconciling between people and talks between the man and his wife and vice versa.

sahl Ibn Sa'd AI-Sa'idi(愿真主喜悦他)说:"有人告诉真主的使者ﷺ,Banu 'Amr Ibn 'Awf的人之间存在敌意。于是,真主的使者ﷺ带着几位门徒出发,去调解他们之间的纠纷。"1

Sahl Ibn Sa'd AI-Sa'idi (may Allah be pleased with him) said that, "The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) was told that there is an enmity between the people of Banu 'Amr Ibn 'Awf Thereupon, the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) went out along with some of his companions to reconcile between them.”1

艾布·胡莱赖（愿安拉喜悦他）说："安拉的使者ﷺ说：'没有什么比走路去礼拜、促成人与人之间的和解，或穆斯林之间的合法行为更好的了。'"2

Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) said that, "The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said that, "Nothing is better than walking to prayer, reconciling between people, or permissible conduct among Muslims.”2

真主的使者ﷺ说："谁在两人之间调解和好，真主就会为他安排好事务，他每说一句话，就会获得释放一个奴隶的回报，并且他将带着之前所有罪过被宽恕的状态归来。"3

The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said that, "Whoever reconciles between two people, Allah will set his affairs in order, will give him with every word he has uttered a reward of freeing a neck slave and he will return having all his previous sins forgiven.”3