最严重的大罪是以物配主（Shirk）。它分为两种：

The worst major sin is Shirk. It is of two kinds:

a) 认为真主有同等者，而祂是创造你们的主；并与祂一同崇拜他者，无论是石头、树木、太阳、月亮、先知、长老、星辰、天使或其他事物。这是真主至高、至尊所提到的最大的以物配主（shirk）。真主说：{真主不宽恕以物配祂的罪过，除此以外的罪过，祂随意宽恕谁。谁以物配真主，谁确已迷误到极远的地步。}（《妇女章》4:116）

a) To hold that Allah has an equal, whereas He has created you, and to worship another with Him, whether it be a stone, tree, sun, moon, prophet, sheikh, star, angel or other. This is the greatest shirk mentioned by Allah, the Most High, the Almighty, says, {Allah forgiveth not (the sin of) joining other gods with Him; but He forgiveth whom He pleaseth other sins than this; one who joins other gods with Allah hath strayed far, far away (from the right).} (An-Nisa:l16)

{以物配主确实是最大的不义。}（卢格曼章：13）

{False worship is indeed the highest wrong-doing.} (Luqman:13)

{谁以物配主安拉，安拉必定禁止他进入乐园，火狱将是他的归宿。}（筵达：72）

{Whoever joins other gods with Allah; Allah will forbid him the Garden, and the Fire will be his abode.} (Al-Ma'idah:72)

关于此事的古兰经文非常多。可以绝对确定的是：凡以物配主归于真主，并在这种状态中死去的人，必是火狱的居民；正如凡信仰真主并以信士身份死去的人，必是乐园的居民，即便他或许先要受到惩罚。

The Qur'anic verses concerning this are very numerous. It is being absolutely certain that whoever ascribes associates to Allah and dies in such a state is one of Hell's inhabitants, just as whoever believes in Allah and dies as a believer is one of the inhabitants of Paradise, even if be should be punished first.

先知ﷺ说:"我是否应当告诉你们最大的大罪?"以物配主(与真主并列崇拜他物)、对父母不孝、作伪证、作假证,以及为虚妄作证。"他反复说这些话,直到我们心里想(因为怜悯他反复说而感到难过):"但愿他能闭口不言。"1

The Prophet (pbuh) said, "Shall I tell you of the worst major sins? Worshipping others with Allah, showing disrespect to parents, giving a false statement, and testifying to the truth of a falsehood. " And he kept repeating it until we were telling ourselves (out of sympathy for him because of the strain of repeating it), "If only he would be silent.”1

远离七种致命的罪恶。2

"Avoid the seven heinous sins.”2

他提到了以同伴归于真主（以物配主）的行为。

and he mentioned ascribing associates to Allah.

“杀掉任何背弃其宗教（伊斯兰教）的人。”3

"Kill whoever converted his religion (Islam).” 3

安拉至高说：{凡期望与其主相会者，就当行善，并且在崇拜他的主时，不以任何人作为配偶。}（古海夫章：110）

Allah, the Most High, says, {Whoever expects to meet his Lord, let him work righteous, and, in the worship of his Lord, admit no one as partner.} (AL-Kahf:llO)

即，不在善功上炫耀。"你们当防范小的以物配主（小shirk）。"有人问："什么是小的以物配主？"他说："在善功上炫耀。"

i.e., does not show off in good works "Beware of the lesser shirk." They asked, "What is the lesser shirk?" He said, "Showing off in good works.

安拉，至高无上的主，在报应世人的行为时将说："你们去找在今世向他们炫耀的人，看看他们能否报答你们。"

Allah, the Almighty will say when recompensing the mankind for their deeds: Go to those whom you showed off to in the world to see how they could recompense you. .” 1

先知(愿主福安之)说:"如果有人以任何事物与我并列,我不会受其影响。如果有人以任何方式将他人与我并列,我就弃绝他和他的以物配主的行为。"2

The Prophet (pbuh) said, "If anybody associates something with Me, I am not affected. If anyone associates somebody with Me, in any way, I reject him and his act of associating.”2

先知ﷺ说:"行善却为了炫耀的人,安拉至高无上必将揭露他的过失;行善时动机是为了让人看见的人,安拉至高无上必将把他视为伪信者。"3

The Prophet (pbuh) said, "A person who does some good work in order to boast will have his faults exposed by Allah Most High and a person whose motive in doing some good deed is to show it, Allah the Most High will treat him as a hypocrite.”3

先知ﷺ说:"也许有斋戒者,他从斋戒中得到的只有饥渴。" 一位智者说:"这就像那些在善功上炫耀的人,如同一个人用石子装满钱袋,去市场买食物。如果他在卖家面前打开钱袋,石子就会砸在他脸上。他所得到的,只是人们对他钱袋里装的是什么的询问,别无其他。同样,在善功上炫耀的人,所得到的只是人们说他做了善事,他在后世将得不到任何回报。"真主至高无上,说:{我将转向他们在今世所做的一切善功,使之变成飘散的尘埃。}(古兰经 25:23)

The Prophet (pbuh) said, "There may be a faster who does not gain from his fasting but hunger and thirst.” A wise man said, "Just as the one who shows off in good works is the one who fills his purse with pebbles and leaves for the market to buy food. If he opened it before the seller he will be stoned with it in his face. He gains nothing but the people's inquiry about what fills his purse, nothing more. Thus, the one who shows off in good works will have no value but the people's saying that he did good and he will not be rewarded in the Hereafter." Allah, the Almighty, says, {And We shall turn to whatever deeds they did (in this life), and We shall make such deed as floating dust scattered about.} (AI-Furqan:23)

“真主的使者ﷺ说:‘在审判日，一些人会被带到乐园附近。他们闻到了乐园的芬芳，看到了其中的宫殿和恩惠，然后听到有声音呼喊：“把他们带走，这不是为他们准备的。”于是他们悲伤地返回，没有人能体会那样的悲伤。他们会呼求真主说：“我们的主啊！我们若在见到你为你的朋友所预备的之前便进入了火狱，那就好了。”然后真主会说：“这正是我所要的。你们独处时以重大的罪过违抗我，但你们与人相遇时却在善功上炫耀。你们只敬畏人，而不敬畏我；你们只为了他们的缘故而有所节制。因此，今天，我要严厉地惩罚你们，并剥夺你们从我那里得到的丰厚赏赐。”’ 4”