أَمَّا الصَّلَاةُ، فَمَنْ أَخَّرَهَا عَنْ وَقْتِهَا الْمُقَدَّرِ لِأَحَدِ السَّبَبَيْنِ أَوْ كِلَيْهِمَا، يُطْلَبُ مِنْهُ أَنْ يَتُوبَ إِلَى اللَّهِ. فَإِنْ تَابَ فَلَا يُعَاقَبُ، وَإِنْ لَمْ يَتُبْ فَإِنَّهُ يُقْتَلُ؛ وَهَذَا عُقُوبَةٌ مَشْرُوعَةٌ، لِقَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى: {فَإِنْ تَابُوا وَأَقَامُوا الصَّلَاةَ وَآتَوُا الزَّكَاةَ فَخَلُّوا سَبِيلَهُمْ}

A--- As for Prayer, he who delays it after its proper time due to either or both reasons should be asked to repent to Allah. If he repents, he shouldn't be punished. But, if he does not repent, he should be killed; this is a prescribed penalty, for Allah says: {But if they repent and perform Prayer, and give Zakah, then leave their way free (i.e.

لَا تُعَاقِبُوهُمْ}. (التوبة: ٥)

don't punish them)}. (At-Taubah,5)

قال رسول الله ﷺ: «أُمِرتُ أن أقاتِلَ الناسَ حتى يشهدوا أن لا إله إلا الله، فمن قالها فقد عَصَمَ مني ماله ونفسه إلا بحقه، وحسابُه على الله» (رواه البخاري ومسلم)

Allah's Messenger (Peace be upon him) says: "I have been commanded to fight against people until they testify that there is no god but Allah, and he who professes it is guaranteed the protection of his property and life on my behalf except for a right warrant, and his affairs rest with Allah ", (Bukhari and Muslim)

أما الزكاة، فإن كان مانعها ليس ذا شوكة، أخذها منه الإمام قهرًا، وعاقبه بأخذ شيء من ماله تأديبًا له. قال النبي ﷺ: «ومن منعها فإنا آخذوها وشطر ماله»، (رواه أحمد وأبو داود والنسائي). أما إن كانوا جماعة قوية ومنعة، فإنه يجب على الإمام أن يقاتلهم حتى يؤدوها، وفقًا للآيات القرآنية والأحاديث المذكورة آنفًا. وقد فعل أبو بكر الصديق وسائر صحابة النبي ﷺ مثل ذلك.

As for Zakah, if the one who withholds it is not someone influential, the Imam (Muslim ruler) takes it from him by force, and makes an example of him by taking away some of his property. The Prophet (Peace be upon him) says: "And he who withholds it, we will take it along with half of his property as well”, (Compiled by Ahmed, Abu Dawud and AnNasa'i) But, if they were a strong and fierce group, the Imam (Muslim ruler) should fight against them till they pay it, according to the aforementioned Qur'anic verses and Hadiths. Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq and the other companions of the Prophet (Peace be upon him) took a similar action.

أما الصيام فلم يُرْوَ فيه شيءٌ، لكن ينبغي للإمام (الحاكم المسلم) أو نائبه أن يُؤدِّب المُخالِف ويجعله عبرةً لغيره. وأما الحج فهو واجبٌ طوالَ العمر، ولا يُسقِط هذا الوجوبَ إلا الموت؛ فعلى المرء أن يؤدِّيه متى استطاع إليه سبيلا. ومن قصَّر في أداء الحج فسيُعاقَب على ذلك التقصير في الآخرة، أما في الدنيا فلا عقوبةَ مُقدَّرة عليه.

As for Fasting, nothing has been related pertaining to it. But, the Imam (Muslim ruler) or his vicegerent should discipline defaulter and make an example of him. As for Hajj, it is compulsory throughout one's lifetime; only death nullifies this obligation. Thus, one should carry it out once he could afford it. Anyone who neglects performing the Pilgrimage will be punished in the hereafter for such neglect; however, there is no prescribed punishment in this world.

المرجع: 200 سؤال وجواب عن عقيدة المسلمين - الشيخ حافظ بن أحمد الحكمي

Reference: 200 FAQ On Muslims Belief - Shiekh Hafiz Ibn Ahmed Al Hakami