Quando Jibril recitou pela primeira vez uma parte do Alcorão ao Profeta (ﷺ), o Profeta (ﷺ) tentou repeti-la após ele, palavra por palavra. Allah depois fez com que Jibril lhe dissesse para não fazer isso. Foi-lhe dito, em vez disso, que ouvisse o Alcorão com atenção. Quando o Profeta (ﷺ) fez isso, Allah lhe concedeu a capacidade de lembrar tudo sem nenhum esforço de sua parte. Allah disse no Alcorão,

When Jibreel first recited a part of the Qur’aan to the Prophet (ﷺ), the Prophet (ﷺ) tried to repeat it after him, word for word. Allaah later had Jibreel tell him not to do so. He was told instead to listen to the Qur’aan carefully. When the Prophet (r) did that, Allaah caused him to be able to remember everything without any effort on his part. Allaah said in the Qur’aan,

Era muito importante que o Profeta ﷺ se lembrasse de tudo o que lhe era revelado, pois ele não sabia ler nem escrever.

It was very important that the Prophet (r) remember all that was revealed to him, because he could neither read nor write.

O Profeta ﷺ transmitiu todo o Alcorão aos seus companheiros antes de falecer. Ele empregou diversos métodos para garantir que eles o memorizassem e registrassem exatamente como ele o havia aprendido.

The Prophet (ﷺ) passed on all of the Qur’aan to his companions before he died. He used a number of different ways to make sure that they memorized and recorded it exactly as he learned it.

1. O Profeta (ﷺ) costumava recitar em voz alta várias partes do Alcorão nas salat (orações em congregação). Dessa forma, seus seguidores ouviam diariamente partes do Alcorão.69

1. The Prophet (ﷺ) used to recite aloud various parts of the Qur’aan in the salaahs (congregational prayers). In that way, his followers used to hear parts of the Qur’aan daily.69

2. Todo aquele que entrava no Islã era ensinado partes do Alcorão que precisaria usar em suas orações diárias. Assim, os muçulmanos estavam sempre aprendendo ou ensinando diversas partes do Alcorão.

2. Everyone who entered Islaam would be taught parts of the Qur’aan that they would have to use in their daily prayers. Thus, Muslims were always learning or teaching various parts of the Qur’aan.

3. O Profeta (ﷺ) informou seus seguidores de que os melhores deles eram aqueles que aprendiam e ensinavam o Alcorão. Isso os encorajou a se esforçarem ainda mais para memorizar o Alcorão e ensiná-lo aos outros.

3. The Prophet (ﷺ) informed his followers that the best of them were those who learned and taught the Qur’aan. This encouraged them to make even greater efforts to memorize the Qur’aan and teach it to others.

4. Aqueles que sabiam ler e escrever eram instruídos pelo Profeta ﷺ a registrar as diversas seções do Alcorão à medida que eram reveladas. O Profeta ﷺ lhes dizia a ordem em que deveriam registrar os versículos. Al-Baraa' ibn 'Aazib relatou que, quando foi revelado o versículo: "Os crentes que permanecem sentados (em casa) não são iguais aos que se esforçam", o Profeta ﷺ disse: "Chamem Fulano." Ele veio com um tinteiro e uma tábua de madeira ou um omoplata. O Profeta ﷺ disse: "Escreva: 'Os crentes que permanecem sentados (em casa) não são iguais aos que se esforçam na causa de Allah...'"70

4. Those who were able to read and write were told by the Prophet (ﷺ) to write down the various sections of the Qur’aan as they were revealed. The Prophet (ﷺ) would tell them the order in which they should record the verses. Al-Baraa’ ibn ‘Aazib stated that when the verse, “Those believers who sit (at home) are not equal with those who strive,” was revealed, the Prophet (ﷺ) said, “Call So-and-so.” He came with an inkpot and a wooden board or a shoulder blade. The Prophet (ﷺ) said, “Write: ‘Those believers who sit (at home) are not equal with those who strive in the cause of Allaah...’ ”70

Como não havia papel na Arábia naquela época, o Alcorão era escrito em qualquer coisa que estivesse disponível. Os companheiros escreviam os versículos do Alcorão em folhas de tamareira, pedras planas, cascas de árvores, madeira, peles de animais secas e até em omoplatas de ovelhas ou camelos. Assim, os versículos do Alcorão foram preservados nos corações dos muçulmanos, além de serem escritos, durante a vida do Profeta ﷺ. Como as pessoas abraçaram o Islã em diferentes momentos da missão do Profeta ﷺ, apenas algumas delas ouviram todo o Alcorão diretamente do Profeta ﷺ. Alguns companheiros conseguiam memorizar melhor do que outros. Portanto, embora todos eles tenham memorizado partes do Alcorão, apenas alguns conseguiram memorizar todo o Alcorão durante a vida do Profeta ﷺ.

Because there was no paper in Arabia at that time, the Qur’aan was written down on anything that was available. The companions wrote the verses of the Qur’aan on date palm leaves, flat stones, tree bark, wood, dried animal skins, and even the shoulder blades of sheep or camels. Thus, the verses of the Qur’aan were preserved in the hearts of Muslims, as well as written down, during the lifetime of the Prophet (ﷺ). Since people entered Islaam at various points during the Prophet’s mission, only a few of them heard all of the Qur’aan directly from the Prophet (ﷺ). Some companions were able to memorize better than others. So, even though all of them memorized portions of the Qur’aan, only a few were able to memorize all of the Qur’aan during the Prophet’s lifetime. on date palm leaves, flat stones, tree bark, wood, dried animal skins, and even the shoulder blades of sheep or camels. Thus, the verses of the Qur’aan were preserved in the hearts of Muslims, as well as written down, during the lifetime of the Prophet (ﷺ). Since people entered Islaam at various points during the Prophet’s mission, only a few of them heard all of the Qur’aan directly from the Prophet (ﷺ). Some companions were able to memorize better than others. So, even though all of them memorized portions of the Qur’aan, only a few were able to memorize all of the Qur’aan during the Prophet’s lifetime.

Quando o Profeta (ﷺ) faleceu no ano de 632 d.C., o Alcorão não havia sido reunido num único livro completo. Ele estava registrado em diversos suportes de escrita e guardado com diferentes seguidores do Profeta (ﷺ). Cada um possuía partes, mas nenhum deles tinha tudo. Como os versículos do Alcorão continuaram a ser revelados até poucos meses antes da morte do Profeta (ﷺ), os companheiros estavam mais preocupados em registrar e memorizar do que em reuni-lo num só livro. Consequentemente, a compilação do Alcorão num único texto não foi feita durante a vida do Profeta (ﷺ).

When the Prophet (ﷺ) died in the year 632 CE, the whole of the Qur’aan was not written down in one complete book. It was recorded on various pieces of writing material and kept in the possession of different followers of the Prophet (ﷺ). Each had sections, but none of them had all of it. Because of the fact that the verses of the Qur’aan continued to be revealed up until a few months before the Prophet’s death, the companions were more concerned with recording and memorizing than putting it all together in one book. Consequently, the gathering of the Qur’aan into one text was not done during the lifetime of the Prophet (ﷺ).