4.5 Gasbedenin hükmü
4.5 The verdict on the usurper
Zorla iktidarı ele geçiren bir gasp edici, kendisini Müslümanların halifesi ilan etse bile halife olmaz. Bunun nedeni, bu durumda Müslümanların hilafet akdini ona yapmamış olmalarıdır. Gasp edici, insanlardan zor ve baskı yoluyla bey'at alsa, bey'at kendisine verilmiş olsa bile halife olmaz. Çünkü zor ve baskı ile alınan bey'at geçerli sayılmaz ve hilafet bununla akdedilemez. Zira bey'at, karşılıklı rıza ve tercihe dayanan bir akittir ve zorla ya da baskıyla akdedilemez. Dolayısıyla hilafet, ancak rıza ve tercihle verilen bir bey'at ile akdedilebilir. Ancak gasp edici, insanları Müslümanların menfaati için kendisine bey'at etmenin gerektiğine ve Şer'i hükümlerin uygulanmasının bey'at vermelerini zorunlu kıldığına ikna etmeyi başarır, onlar da buna inanıp kabul eder ve sonra rıza ve serbest tercihle ona bey'at ederlerse, bey'at kendisine rıza ve tercihle verildiği andan itibaren halife olur. Bu durum, iktidarı ilk başta zor ve baskıyla ele geçirmiş olmasına rağmen böyledir. Şart, bey'atin verilmesi ve bunun karşılıklı rıza ve serbest tercihle olmasıdır; bey'at edilen kişinin hâkim olup olmamasının bir önemi yoktur.
If a usurper were to seize power by force He would not become Khaleefah, even if He declared himself to be the Khaleefah of the Muslims. This is because the Muslims in this case would not have contracted the Khilafah to him. If He were to take the Bay’ah from the people by force and coercion He would not become Khaleefah even if the Bay’ah was given to him. This is because a Bay’ah that is taken by force and coercion is not considered valid and the Khilafah cannot be concluded by it. For it is a contract based on mutual consent and choice and cannot be concluded forcefully or by coercion. The Khilafah cannot therefore be concluded except by a Bay’ah of consent and choice. However, if the usurper managed to convince the people that it would be in the interest of the Muslims to give him their Bay’ah and that the implementation of the Shar’a rules obliges them to give the Bay’ah, and they were convinced of that and accepted it and then gave him the Bay’ah by consent and free choice, He would become Khaleefah from the moment that the Bay’ah was given to him by consent and choice. This is the case, even though in the first place He seized the authority by coercion and force. The condition is giving the Bay’ah and that it must be by mutual consent and free choice, regardless of whether the one who was given the Bay’ah was the ruler or not.