Zaman Antiquiti Klasik dan zaman Hellenistik dari 500 SM hingga 135 SM ialah antara tempoh apabila rekod kehidupan di Palestin adalah banyak dan dipelihara dengan baik. Ini juga tempoh ketika sejarawan dan pengarang terkemuka pertama zaman Antiquiti, termasuk Herodotus dan Aristotle, menulis tentang negara ini secara terperinci. Kepentingan strategik, perdagangan dan budaya Palestin bagi pelbagai raja Hellenistik, komandan tentera, pedagang, pengembara, pembuat peta dan ahli sains telah menimbulkan minat yang besar serta kajian yang teliti terhadap negara dan rakyatnya.

Classical Antiquity and the Hellenistic period from 500 BC to 135 BC is one of the periods when records of life in Palestine were numerous and well-kept. This is also a period in which the first famous historians and authors of Antiquity, including Herodotus and Aristotle, wrote about the country in detail, and the strategic, commercial and cultural importance of Palestine to the various Hellenistic monarchs, military commanders, traders, travellers, cartographers and scientists led to great interest, and close examination of the country and its people.

Istilah Palestin juga digunakan secara meluas untuk merujuk kepada keseluruhan kawasan yang berkaitan dengan Palestin moden pada abad kelima SM di Yunani Purba.

The term Palestine was also extensively used in referring to the entire area connected with modern Palestine in 5th century BC Ancient Greece.

Nama Παλαιστίνη (Phalastin) digunakan secara meluas oleh sejarawan, ahli kartografi, penulis, ahli falsafah dan saintis Yunani kuno yang paling penting, termasuk Herodotus, Aristotle dan Ptolemy. Nama Greco-Roman-Byzantine 'Palestine' lazim ditemui dalam teks-teks Yunani klasik yang utama, terutamanya Histories karya Herodotus, yang ditulis sekitar pertengahan abad ke-5 SM.

The name Παλαιστίνη (Phalastin) was widely used by the most important ancient Greek historians, cartographers, writers, philosophers and scientists, including Herodotus, Aristotle and Ptolemy. The Greco-Roman-Byzantine name ‘Palestine’ is commonly found in major classical Greek texts, especially the Histories of Herodotus, written near the mid-5th century BC.