Watu wanaowakilisha maoni ya Waislamu kwa Khalifah ni Baraza la Ummah, na watu wanaowakilisha wananchi katika majimbo ni Mabaraza ya Majimbo. Inaruhusiwa kwa wasiokuwa Waislamu kuwa wanachama wa Baraza la Shura kwa ajili ya kuwasilisha malalamiko yoyote dhidi ya dhulma yoyote inayofanywa na watawala au matumizi mabaya ya sheria za Kiislamu.

The individuals who represent the Muslims’ views to the Khalifah are the Ummah Council, and the individuals who represent the people in the provinces are the Provincial Councils. It is permitted for non-Muslims to be members in the Shura council for the sake of raising any complaints against any oppression by the rulers or misapplication of the laws of Islam.

Hili ni Baraza linaloundwa na watu wanaowakilisha maoni ya Waislamu kwa ujumla, ambalo Khalifah anaweza kulirejea ili kushauriana katika mambo mbalimbali. Nao ni wawakilishi wa Ummah katika kuwawajibisha watawala. Hili limetolewa kwa hoja kutokana na ushauriano wa Mtume wa Allah ﷺ na baadhi ya watu kutoka kwa Ansar na Muhajirina waliowakilisha watu wao. Pia linatokana na Mtume ﷺ kuwateua baadhi ya Maswahaba zake kwa ajili ya kushauriana (Shura). Alikuwa akiwarejea zaidi kuliko wengine ili kutafuta maoni yao, kama vile Abu Bakr (ra), Umar (ra), Hamza (ra), ‘Ali (ra), Salman Al-Farisi (ra), Hudhayfah (ra)….

This is a Council formed by individuals representing the opinion of the Muslims at large, to which the Khalifah can refer to, in order to consult on various issues. They in turn are the representatives of the Ummah in holding the rulers accountable. This is deduced from the Messenger of Allah (pbuh)’s consultation with some men from the Ansar and the emigrants who represented their people. It is also derived from the Messenger’s assigning some of his companions for consultation (Shura). He used to refer to them more than others for seeking opinion, such as Abu Bakr (ra), Umar (ra), Hamza (ra), ‘Ali (ra), Salman Al- Farisi (ra), Hudhayfah (ra)….

Inadokezwa pia kutokana na ukweli kwamba Abu Bakr (ra) aliwateua baadhi ya wanaume miongoni mwa Muhajirina na Answari kwa ajili ya kutafuta maoni yao pale jambo lilipotokea. Watu wa shauri (Shura) wakati wa Abu Bakr (ra) walikuwa ni wanazuoni na watu wenye uwezo wa kutoa fatwa za kisheria. Ibn Sa'ad amesimulia kutoka kwa Al-Qasim:

It is also deduced from the fact that Abu Bakr (ra) designated some men from the Muhajir and the Ansar for seeking their opinion when something happened. The people of the consultation (Shura) at the time of Abu Bakr (ra) were the scholars and the people capable of giving legal edicts. Ibn Sa’ad reported from Al-Qasim:

. أن أبا بكر الصديق كان إذا نزل به أمر يريد مشاورة أهل الرأي وأهل الفقه « فيه، دعا رجالاً من المهاجرين والأنصار، دعا عمر، وعثمان، وعلياً، وعبد الرحمن بن عوف، ومعاذ بن جبل، وأُبَيّ بن كعب، وزيد بن ثابت، وكل هؤلاء كان ي فُْتي في خلافة أبي بكر، وإنما تصير فتوى الناس إلى هؤلاء، فمضى أبو بكر على ذلك، ثم وَلِيَ عمرُ » فكان يدعو هؤلاء النَّ فَرَ .

. أن أبا بكر الصديق كان إذا نزل به أمر يريد مشاورة أهل الرأي وأهل الفقه « فيه، دعا رجالاً من المهاجرين والأنصار، دعا عمر، وعثمان، وعلياً، وعبد الرحمن بن عوف، ومعاذ بن جبل، وأُبَيّ بن كعب، وزيد بن ثابت، وكل هؤلاء كان ي فُْتي في خلافة أبي بكر، وإنما تصير فتوى الناس إلى هؤلاء، فمضى أبو بكر على ذلك، ثم وَلِيَ عمرُ » فكان يدعو هؤلاء النَّ فَرَ .

“wakati jambo fulani lilipotokea na Abu Bakr alitaka kushauriana na watu wa maoni na watu wa fiqhi, aliwaita kutoka miongoni mwa Muhajirina na Answari. Umar, ‘Uthman, ‘Ali, ‘Abd Al-Rahman b. ‘Awf, Mu’adh b Jabal, ‘Ubay b. Ka‘b na Zayd Bin Thabit. Wote hao walikuwa wakitoa maoni yao wakati wa Ukhalifa wa Abu Bakr. Watu pia walikuwa wakichukua fatwa zao kutoka kwao. Umar alipokuwa Khalifa, naye pia aliwaita watu hawa”. Pia kuna dalili zinazowataka Waislamu kuwahisabu watawala. Waislamu walifanya uhisabu wa namna hiyo kama ilivyotokea wakati wa Makhalifa Waongofu. Kwa kuwa Ummah unaruhusiwa kuwakilishwa katika ushauri (Shura), pia unaruhusiwa kuwakilishwa katika uhisabu. Haya yote yanaonyesha kwamba inaruhusiwa kuwa na baraza maalum linaloiwakilisha Ummah katika uhisabu na katika ushauri ulioanzishwa kwa maandiko ya Qur’ani na Sunnah. Linaitwa Baraza la Ummah kwa sababu linaiwakilisha Ummah katika ushauri na uhisabu.

“when something happened and Abu Bakr wanted to consult the people of opinion and the people of jurisprudence, he called from the emigrants and the Ansar. Umar, ‘Uthman, ‘Ali, ‘Abd Al-Rahman b. ‘Awf, Mu’adh b Jabal, ‘Ubay b. Ka‘b and Zayd Bin Thabit. They all used to give their opinion during the Khilafah of Abu Bakr. People would also take their legal edicts (fatwa) from them. When Umar became Khalifah, he also called these people”. There are also evidences that call upon the Muslims to account the rulers. Muslims exercised such accounting as happened at the time of the Righteous Khulafaa’. As the Ummah is allowed to be represented in consultation (Shura), she is also allowed to be represented in accounting. All of this indicates that it is allowed to have a special council that represents the Ummah in accounting and in the consultation that is established by the text of the Quran and Sunnah. It is called the Ummah Council because it represents the Ummah in consultation and accounting.

Inaruhusiwa kwa raia wasio Waislamu kuwa wanachama wa Baraza, ili waweze kuwasilisha malalamiko dhidi ya dhuluma yoyote inayofanywa dhidi yao na watawala, au dhidi ya utekelezaji usio sahihi wa Uislamu kwao, au ukosefu wa huduma kwao, au mambo kama hayo.

It is permitted for non-Muslim citizens to be members of the Council, in order to file complaints against any injustice perpetrated against them by the rulers or against any misimplementation of Islam upon them or the lack of services to them or the like.