Mali ya umma ni ruhusa ya Mwenye kuweka sheria (SWT) kwa jamii kwa pamoja kuitumia mali yenyewe.

Public property is the permission of the Legislator (swt) for the community to collectively utilise the property itself.

Ushahidi wa makala hii ni kwamba dalili za Shari'ah zinaonyesha kuwa ufafanuzi wa mali ya umma ni ruhusa ya Mwenye Kutunga Sheria (SWT) kwa jamii kuitumia mali hiyo kwa pamoja, na ushahidi wa ufafanuzi huu ni matini zinazohusu mali ya umma. Maneno ya Mtume ﷺ:

The evidence for this article is that the Shari’ah evidences indicate that the definition of public property is the permission of the Legislator (swt) for the community to collectively utilise the property, and the evidences for this definition are the texts related regarding public property. The words of the Messenger (pbuh) :

. » الْمُسْلِمُونَ شُرَكَاءُ فِي ثَلاَثٍ: الْمَاءِ وَالْكَلإِ وَالنَّارِ « .

. » الْمُسْلِمُونَ شُرَكَاءُ فِي ثَلاَثٍ: الْمَاءِ وَالْكَلإِ وَالنَّارِ « .

"Waislamu wana sehemu ya pamoja katika mambo matatu: maji, nyasi, na moto." Imepokewa na Ahmad kutoka kwa mtu mmoja katika Maswahaba wa Nabii ﷺ, na wapokezi wake ni waaminifu, na pia kile alichopokea Al-Tirmidhi kutoka kwa Abyad b. Hammal:

“Muslims have common share in three (things).water, grass, and fire.” reported by Ahmad from a man from the companions of the Prophet , and his narrators are trustworthy, and what Al-Tirmidhi narrated from Abyad b. Hammal:

. فاستقطعه الملح، فقطع له. فلما أن ولّى قال أنه وفد إلى رسول الله « » رجل من المجلس: أتدري ما قطعت له؟ إنما قطعت له الماء العد. قال فانتزعه منه .

. فاستقطعه الملح، فقطع له. فلما أن ولّى قال أنه وفد إلى رسول الله « » رجل من المجلس: أتدري ما قطعت له؟ إنما قطعت له الماء العد. قال فانتزعه منه .

Alikwenda kwa Mtume wa Allah ﷺ akamwomba amkabidhi (migodi ya) chumvi kama iqta'. Basi akamkabidhi kama iqta'. Aliporudi, mtu mmoja katika kikao akauliza: Je, unajua ulichomkabidhi kama iqta'? Umemkabidhi maji ya chemchemi isiyokwisha. Basi akamchukulia tena. Maji yasiyo na kikomo ni yale ambayo hayapungui; yaani, ukitoa madini kutoka humo, hayapungui. Naye akasema:

“Went to the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) and asked him for assigning him (the mines of) salt as fief. So he assigned it to him as a fief. When he returned, a man in the meeting asked: Do you know what you have assigned him as a fief? You have assigned him the perennial spring water. So he took it back from him”. The countless water is that which does not deplete, in other words, if you extracted a mineral from it, it does not deplete. And he said:

.» مِنًى مُنَاخُ مَنْ سَبَقَ « .

.» مِنًى مُنَاخُ مَنْ سَبَقَ « .

"Mina ni mahali pa kupumzikia kwa yeyote atakayefika kwanza", imepokewa na At-Tirmidhi kutoka kwa Aisha (ra), naye akasema ni Hasan Sahih. Mina ni mahali maarufu huko Hijaz ambapo mahujaji hushuka baada ya kusimama Arafat, na watu wote wanaweza kuwapumzisha ngamia wao hapo iwapo watafika kabla ya wengine. Na Mtume ﷺ alithibitisha kwamba watu wanashiriki katika matumizi ya njia za umma kwa ujumla. Ufafanuzi wa mali ya umma ulitokana na haya yote, kwani maandiko haya yanaonyesha kwamba Mwenye Kutunga Sheria (SWT) aliruhusu watu kushiriki kwa pamoja katika mambo haya, na hivyo ikatolewa hukumu. Kwa msingi huu ndipo makala hii ilipoandaliwa.

“Mina is a resting place for whoever gets their first”, reported by Al-Tirmidhi from Aisha(ra) and he said it is Hasan Sahih, and Mina is the famous location in the Hijaz which the pilgrims descend to after standing at Arafat, and all the people can rest their camels there if they arrive there before others. And the Prophet affirmed that people participate in the use of general roads. The definition of public property was derived from all of this, since these texts indicate that the Legislator (swt) gave permission to people to participate collectively in these things and hence it was deduced. On this basis the article was drafted.