Khalifa humteua Kadhi Mkuu wa mahakama kutoka miongoni mwa watu wa kiume, waliobalegh, walio huru, Waislamu, wenye akili timamu, waadilifu, wanaojua fiqhi. Ikiwa amepewa mamlaka ya kumteua na kumwondoa Kadhi wa Madhalim, na kuwa na mamlaka ya kutoa hukumu katika Madhalim, basi itamlazimu kuwa Mujtahid. Atakuwa na mamlaka ya kuwateua majaji, kuwaadhibu, na kuwaondoa kama sehemu ya mifumo ya utawala. Kuhusu watumishi wengine wa umma wa mahakama, wanaunganishwa na Meneja wa Idara, ambaye ndiye anayehusika na masuala ya mahakama.

The Khalifah appoints a supreme judge to the judiciary from the male, adult, free, Muslim, sane, just people who know jurisprudence, and if he was given the power to appoint and remove the Madhalim judge, and had the power of judgement in the Madhalim, then he would have to be a Mujtahid. He would have the power to appoint judges, discipline them, and remove them as part of the administrative systems. As for the remainder of the civil servants of the courts, they are connected to the Department Manager who is responsible for the courts’ affairs.

Asili yake ni kwamba Khalifah anaweza kumteua gavana kwa ajili ya uongozi maalum juu ya moja ya mambo katika sehemu zote za Dola, kama vile anavyoweza kumteua gavana kwa ajili ya uongozi maalum juu ya moja ya mambo katika eneo maalum, sawa na jinsi anavyoweza kumteua gavana kwa uongozi wa jumla katika eneo maalum. Hivyo basi, kama vile Khalifah anavyoweza kumpa mamlaka kiongozi wa Jihadi, na mwingine wa Hijja, na mwingine juu ya kodi za ardhi, vivyo hivyo anaweza kumpa mamlaka kiongozi wa mahakama. Anaweza kumpa kiongozi huyo haki ya kuteua majaji, kuwaondoa na kuwaadhibu, sawa na jinsi anavyoweza kumpa kiongozi wa Jihadi haki ya kuteua Meja na Koplo juu ya askari, na kuwaadhibu na kuwaondoa. Kwa sababu hii, inaruhusiwa kwa Khalifah kumteua Jaji Mkuu, yaani, kiongozi juu ya mahakama. Jaji Mkuu huyu, au kiongozi wa mahakama, atakuwa mtawala na si mtumishi wa umma, kwa kuwa ni gavana aliyechukua uongozi wa jimbo, yaani, kutawala, kama vile kiongozi au gavana yeyote juu ya mambo yoyote. Hata hivyo, hahesabiwi kuwa msaidizi wa Khalifah katika mahakama kwa sababu amepewa uteuzi maalum, yaani, katika mambo yote ya mahakama, na hivyo uteuzi wake ni katika mahakama tu na hauvuki hapo. Kuhusu msaidizi, yeye hupewa uteuzi wa jumla katika mambo yote, hivyo Khalifah anaweza kutafuta msaada wake katika mambo yote, tofauti na Jaji Mkuu ambaye anaweza kusaidia katika mahakama pekee.

The origin is that the Khalifah can appoint governors to a specific governorship upon one of the issues in all the parts of the State, just as he can appoint a governor to a specific governorship upon one of the issues in a specific location, similar to how he can appoint a governor to a general governorship in a specific location. So, just as the Khalifah can empower a leader for Jihad, and one for Hajj, and one over the land taxes, he can also empower a leader for the judiciary. He can give that leader the right to appoint judges, remove them and discipline them, in the same way that he can give the leader of Jihad the right to appoint Majors and Corporals over the soldiers, and discipline them and remove them. Due to this it is permitted for the Khalifah to appoint a Supreme Judge, or in other words, a leader over the judiciary. This Supreme Judge, or leader of the judiciary, would be a ruler and not a civil servant, since he is a governor who has undertaken a governorship - in other words, ruling - just like any leader or governor over any of the issues. However, he is not considered to be an assistant for the Khalifah in the judiciary because he was given a specific appointment, in other words, in all the issues of judiciary, and so his appointment is in the judiciary and does not go beyond that. As for the assistant, he is given a general appointment in all the issues, so the Khalifah can seek his help in all issues, unlike the Supreme Judge who can assist in the judiciary alone.

Haijathibitishwa kwamba Mtume (rehema na amani zimshukie) alimteua Qadhi Mkuu, kama ambavyo haijathibitishwa kwamba yeyote miongoni mwa Makhalifa waongofu alimteua Qadhi Mkuu. Hakuna kinachoonyesha kwamba mahakama katika maeneo yaliwahi kuwa na manaibu waliokuwa wakiendesha mahakama katika miji na vijiji, si wakati wa Makhalifa waongofu, wala hata hadi wakati wa Ummayad. Uteuzi wa kwanza wa Qadhi Mkuu na Khalifah ulifanyika wakati wa Harun Al-Rashid, na qadhi wa kwanza kupewa cheo hiki alikuwa Qadhi Abu Yusuf, Mujtahid maarufu, aliyekuwa mwenzi wa Abu Hanifah. Kwa hiyo, inaruhusiwa kwa Khalifah kumteua qadhi ambaye amepewa mamlaka ya kuteua na kuwaondoa maqadhi; hivyo ni miongoni mwa mambo yanayoruhusiwa.

It is not confirmed that the Messenger (pbuh) appointed a Supreme Judge, in the same way that it is not confirmed that any of the righteous guided Khulafaa’ appointed a Supreme Judge. There is nothing that indicates that the judiciary in the territories used to have deputies who would carry out the judiciary in the towns and villages, neither in the time of the righteous guided Khulafaa’, and not even by the time of the Ummayads. The first appointment of a supreme judge by the Khalifah was at the time of Harun Al-Rashid, and the first judge to be given this description was the judge Abu Yusuf, the famous Mujtahid, who was a companion of Abu Hanifah. Accordingly, it is permitted for the Khalifah to appoint a judge who is given the power to appoint and remove judges; so it is from the permitted actions.

Kulingana na hili, inaruhusiwa kwa Khalifah kumteua "Jaji Mkuu". Hata hivyo, masharti yake ni yale yale ya jaji na mtawala, kwa kuwa yeye ni jaji na mtawala kwa kuwa amepewa mamlaka ya kuteua majaji na kuamua katika kesi za mahakamani. Kwa maneno mengine, ni sharti kwa Jaji Mkuu awe mwanaume, mtu mzima, huru, Muislamu, mwenye akili timamu, mwadilifu, na miongoni mwa watu wanaojua fiqh, kwa sababu sharti la uwezo katika kesi hii linamaanisha kwamba anapaswa kujua fiqh kwa kuwa kazi yake ni kuwajibika kwa mahakama pamoja na mamlaka yake ya kuhukumu. Mtume ﷺ amemlaumu yeyote anayehukumu kwa ujinga, na ametujulisha kwamba watakuwa miongoni mwa watu wa Moto; alisema:

Based upon this it is permitted for the Khalifah to appoint a “Supreme Judge”. However, his pre-conditions are the same of those of the judge and the ruler, since he is a judge and a ruler since he has been given the power to appoint judges and to adjudicate in court cases. In other words, it is a condition for the Supreme Judge to be male, adult, free, Muslim, sane, just, and from the people who know the jurisprudence, since the condition of capability in this case means that he should know jurisprudence since his work is responsibility over the judiciary in addition to his powers of judging. The Messenger (pbuh) has blamed whoever judges with ignorance and informed us that they would be from the people of the hellfire; he said.

. » وَرَجُلٌ قَضَى لِلنَّاسِ عَلَى جَهْلٍ فَ هُوَ فِي النَّارِ « .

. » وَرَجُلٌ قَضَى لِلنَّاسِ عَلَى جَهْلٍ فَ هُوَ فِي النَّارِ « .

"Na mtu yeyote anayetoa hukumu kwa watu kwa ujinga atakuwa motoni" (imepokewa na waandishi wa Sunan na Al-Hakim, ambaye aliithibitisha kutoka kwa Buraydah). Kutokana na dalili hii, imewekwa kuwa sharti kwa hakimu awe miongoni mwa watu wanaojua fiqhi. Jaji Mkuu anapaswa kuwa Mujtahid iwapo amepewa mamlaka ya kumteua na kumwondoa hakimu wa Madhalim, na mamlaka ya kuhukumu katika Madhalim, kwa kuwa hukumu kama hiyo inahitaji Ijtihad kama ilivyofafanuliwa katika kifungu cha 78.

“And a man who passess judgement on the people in ignorance will be in hellfire” (reported by the authors of the Sunan and Al-Hakim who authenticated it from Buraydah). From this evidence it is has been made a condition that the judge should be from the people who know the jurisprudence. The Supreme Judge should be a Mujtahid if he was given the power to appoint and remove the Madhalim judge, and the powers to judge in the Madhalim, since such a judgement requires Ijtihad as is explained in article 78.

Kuhusu yaliyotajwa katika makala kuhusu uteuzi wa watumishi wa umma kwa ajili ya mahakama, watu hawa ni waajiriwa, na dalili ya kuruhusiwa kwa uteuzi wao ni dalili ya kumwajiri mfanyakazi.

As for what is mentioned in the article about the appointment of civil servants for the courts, these people are employees and the evidence for the permission of their appointment is the evidence for the hiring of an employee.