Kifungu 166
Article 166
Serikali hutoa sarafu yake huru, na hairuhusiwi kuifunga na sarafu yoyote ya kigeni.
The State issues its own independent currency, and it is not permitted for it to be linked to any foreign currency.
Ushahidi wa nusu ya kwanza ya makala hii ni ushahidi uliompa Imamu haki ya kusimamia mambo, kwa maneno ya Mtume ﷺ: «Imamu ni mchungaji».
The evidence for the first half of this article is the evidence that gave the Imam the right to manage the affairs with the words of the Prophet : ,.» الإِمَامُ رَاعٍ «.
"Imamu ni mlinzi" (imepokewa na Al-Bukhari kutoka kwa ‘Abd Allah (swt) Bin Umar), na kupanga mambo yaliyoruhusiwa ni katika usimamizi wa mambo. Kuunda sarafu maalum kwa ajili ya Dola ni katika mambo yaliyoruhusiwa, hivyo inaruhusiwa kwa Dola kuunda sarafu maalum, na vivyo hivyo inaruhusiwa kwa Dola kutofanya hivyo. Mtume ﷺ hakuunda sarafu maalum yenye sifa maalum thabiti, na katika zama zake Dola haikuwa na sarafu yake yenyewe; hali hiyo ilibaki hivyo katika zama zake zote na zama za Makhalifa waongofu waliofuata baada yake, na mwanzoni mwa kipindi cha Ummayya hadi wakati wa ‘Abd al-Malik b. Marwan, ambaye aliamua kubadilisha kila kitu kutoka dhahabu na fedha zilizokuwa zikitumika, zilizopigwa sarafu au la, kwenda kwenye sarafu yenye kupigwa kwa mtindo wa Kiislamu na yenye uzito sawa bila tofauti yoyote. Kwa hiyo, alipiga Dirham kutoka fedha na Dinari kutoka dhahabu, na tangu wakati huo Dinari na Dirham za Kiislamu zikapigwa, ilhali hazikujulikana kabla ya hapo. Basi kutoa sarafu ni jambo linaloruhusiwa na si wajibu juu ya Dola, isipokuwa pale kulinda uchumi wa nchi dhidi ya maangamizi na kuilinda dhidi ya maadui zake kunapohitaji kutolewa kwa sarafu, ambapo wakati huo kuitoa kutakuwa wajibu, kwa mujibu wa kanuni ya Shari‘ah: “Kile ambacho wajibu hauwezi kutekelezwa bila hicho, nacho chenyewe ni wajibu.”
“The Imam is a guardian” (reported by Al-Bukhari from ‘Abd Allah (swt) Bin Umar), and organising the permitted issues is from the management of the affairs. To create a specific currency for the State is from the permitted issues, so it is permitted for the State to create a specific currency, and in the same way it is permitted for the State not to do so. The Messenger (pbuh) did not create a specific currency based upon specific consistent characteristics, and in his time the State did not have its own currency, and the situation remained the same throughout his time and the time of the righteous guided Khulafaa’ after him, and during the beginning of the Ummayad period up until the time of ‘Abd alMalik b. Marwan who decided to change everything from the gold and silver that was being used, whether minted or not, to the currency with an Islamic minting and of equal weight without any disparity. Consequently, he minted Dirhams from silver and Dinars from gold, and from that time the Islamic Dinars and Dirhams were minted whereas they were not known before then. So to issue a currency is permitted and is not obligatory upon the State, unless safeguarding the economy of the land from ruin and protecting it from its enemies required the issuing of a currency, at which point its issuance would be obligatory, in accordance with the Shari’ah principle: “That, without which the obligation cannot be accomplished, is itself an obligation”.
Kuhusu sehemu ya pili ya makala, dalili ya kuharamishwa kwake ni kwamba ingeifanya Dola ifuate dola yoyote isiyoamini ambayo sarafu yake inaunganishwa nayo, kama ilivyokuwa hali ya Iraq zamani ilipounganishwa na Sterling, na zaidi ya hayo ingekuwa chini ya huruma ya dola hiyo isiyoamini kwa upande wa kifedha. Mambo yote mawili ni haramu, na kanuni ya Shari'ah inasema: "Njia ya kufikia jambo lililoharamishwa nayo pia ni haramu", kwa hiyo kuunganisha sarafu ya Dola ya Kiislamu na dola ya kigeni ni haramu.
As for the second part of the article, the evidence for its forbiddance is that it would make the State follow whichever disbelieving state it links its currency too, as was the scenario when Iraq used to be linked to Sterling, and over and above that it would be at the mercy of that disbelieving state from the financial angle. Both of these issues are forbidden, and the Shari’ah principle states that: “The means to something forbidden is also forbidden”, and so to link the currency of the Islamic State to a foreign State is forbidden.