Al-Fiqh
Al-Fiqh
Maana ya Al-Fiqh:
The meaning of Al-Fiqh:
Al-Fiqh kilugha maana yake ni: ‘Al-Fahm’ (ufahamu). Allah Ta’ala alisema kupitia ulimi wa Musa (as):
Al-Fiqh linguistically means: ‘Al-Fahm’ (understanding). Allah Ta’Aalaa said upon the tongue of Mousaa (as):
Na uifungue fundo katika ulimi wangu ili wapate kufahamu usemi wangu (Twaha 28).
And untie the knot from my tongue (so that) they understand (Fiqh) my speech (TaHa 28).
Ina maana kwamba wao 'wanaelewa' ninachowaambia.
Which means that they ‘understand’ what I say to them.
Maana ya Al-Fiqh kwa mujibu wa Istilaahi (ufafanuzi wa kitaalamu) ya wanazuoni wa Usuul ul-Fiqh ni:
The meaning of Al-Fiqh in accordance to the Istilaah (terminological definition) of the ‘Ulamaa of Usool ul-Fiqh is:
Ni ‘Ilm (elimu) ya Ahkaam Ash-Shar’iyah za kivitendo zilizotolewa kutoka kwenye dalili zake za kina.
‘It is the ‘Ilm (knowledge) of the practical Ahkaam Ash-Shar’iyah taken from its detailed evidences’.
Maelezo ya ufafanuzi:
Explanation of the definition:
Al-Ahkaam Ash-Shar'iyah:
Al-Ahkaam Ash-Shar’iyah:
Kinachokusudiwa hapa ni: Al-Waajib, Al-Mandoob, Al-Mubaah, Al-Makrooh na Al-Haraam.
What is intended by this is: Al-Waajib, Al-Mandoob, Al-Mubaah, Al-Makrooh and Al-Haraam.
Ni pia yanayokusudiwa: As-Sabab, Ash-Shart, Al-Maani', Al-'Azeemah, Ar-Rukhsah na As-Sihhah, Al-Fasaad na Al-Butlaan.
What is intended is also: As-Sabab, Ash-Shart, Al-Maani’, Al- ‘Azeemah, Ar-Rukhsah and As-Sihhah, Al-Fasaad and Al-Butlaan.
Al-‘Amaliyyah (vitendo):
Al-‘Amaliyyah (practical):
Yale ambayo yana uhusiano na vitendo vya waja (watumwa wa Allah) kama vile Swalah, Jihadi, biashara, na kumteua Khalifa kwa ajili ya Waislamu.
That which has a relationship to the actions of the ‘Ibaad (slaves) like the Salaah, the Jihaad, the trade and appointing a Khalifah for the Muslims.
Al-Mustafaadah:
Al-Mustafaadah:
Kile kinachochukuliwa bila Istinbaat (istinbati) na kile kinachochukuliwa kwa njia ya Istinbaat.
That which is taken without Istinbaat (deduction) and that which is taken by way of Istinbaat.
Al-Adillah At-Tafseeliyah (ushahidi wa kina):
Al-Adillah At-Tafseeliyah (the detailed evidences):
Hizi ni Adillah Al-Juz'iyah (dalili mahususi), kama vile Aya au Hadithi, au sehemu ya zote mbili, kama vile: "Simamisheni Swala" (Aqeemu-s-Salaah) na kama vile: "Allah amehalalisha biashara" (Allah has made Bai' (trade) Halaal).
These are the Adillah Al-Juz’iyah (partial evidences) like the Aayah or the Hadeeth or a part from them both like: “Aqeemu-s-Salaah” (establish the prayer) and like: “Allah has made Bai’ (trade) Halaal”.