Nne: Al-mutashaabih
Fourthly: Al-mutashaabih
Ufafanuzi wake:
Its definition:
Al-Mutashaabih ni Lafdhi (neno lenye maana) ambalo maana yake iliyokusudiwa imefichika au si wazi. Umbo lake (Seeghah) halionyeshi wala halimwongozi mtu kwenye kile kinachokusudiwa humo. Maana yake ni kwamba hakuna njia ya kulifahamu, na kwamba hakuna anayelijua isipokuwa Allah (SWT).
Al-Mutashaabih is the Lafzh (worded expression), the intended meaning of which is hidden or unclear. Its Seeghah (form) does not indicate or guide to what is intended from it. That means there is no way to comprehend it and that none except Allah (swt) knows it.
Mifano iliyotolewa ya hili ni pamoja na Herufi za Muqatta'ah mwanzoni mwa Suwar kama vile: ’ آلم ‘, ‘حمعسق’ na ‘كهيعص’. Pia wametoa kama mifano ya hili Aya zinazojadili Sifa (attributes) kama Kauli Yake (SWT):
Examples of this that have been presented include the Huroof Al-Muqatta’ah at the beginning of the Suwar like: ’ آلم ‘ , ‘حمعسق ' and .‘كهيعص’ They (i.e. some of the Muslims) have also presented as examples of this the Aayaat that discuss the Siffaat (attributes) like His Qawl (swt):
Mwingi wa Rehema, aliyetulia juu ya Arshi (Ta-Ha 5).
The Most Merciful [who is] above the Throne established (TaHa 5).
Na kama:
And like:
Mkono wa Allah uko juu ya mikono yao (Al-Fat'h 10).
The hand of Allah is over their hands (Al-Fat’h 10).
Kulingana na maana hii, Mutashaabih haingii katika kundi la masomo ya Usul, bali huangukia ndani ya 'Ilm ul-Kalaam, kwa kuwa inahusiana na Aqeedah na si na Ahkaam Ash-Shar'iyah. Hali ya kuwa 'Ilm Usul ul-Fiqh huchunguza eneo la Ahkaam Ash-Shar'iyah za vitendo na si Aqaa'id (itikadi).
The Mutashaabih, according to this meaning, does not fall into the category of the studies of Usool but rather within the ‘Ilm ul-Kalaam’ because it has a relationship to the Aqeedah and not to the Ahkaam Ash-Shar’iyah. That is whilst ‘Ilm Usool ul-Fiqh looks into the area of the practical Ahkaam Ash-Shar’iyah and not the Aqaa’id (beliefs).
Wametumia kauli ifuatayo ya Allah (SWT) kuunga mkono maoni kwamba mwanadamu hawezi kuelewa maana ya Mutashaabih:
They have used the following statement of Allah (swt) to support the view that man cannot comprehend the meaning of the Mutashaabih:
Na hakuna ajuaye tafsiri yake (ya kweli) isipokuwa Allah (Aali ‘Imraan 7).
And none knows its [true] interpretation except Allah (Aali ‘Imraan 7).
Hata hivyo, wanazuoni wa Hanafi wa Usool waliongeza katika ufafanuzi wa Mutashaabih kwa kusema: "Wala hakuna awezaye kuifahamu isipokuwa wale waliothibiti katika elimu (Raasikh)."
The Hanafi Scholars of Usool however added to the definition of the Mutashaabih by saying: “And none comprehend it except those who are firmly grounded (Raasikh) in knowledge”.