Mifano ya Utumiaji wa Shar'u Min Qablinaa
Examples Of The Application Of Shar’u Min Qablinaa
Shariá ya Kabla Yetu kutoka kwa Mayahudi, Manaswara (Wakristo) na dini ya Ibrahimu zilipotoshwa na kuharibiwa katika Taurati na Injili. Taurati na Injili zilizopo leo si zile zilizoteremshwa kwa Musa na Isa, amani iwe juu yao wawili, bali zimepatwa na mabadiliko na upotoshaji ulioziondoa mbali sana na Taurati na Injili zilizoteremshwa kwa Mitume hao wawili, Musa (as) na Isa (as).
The Shar’u Min Qablinaa from the Yahood, Nasaaraa (Christians) and the Deen of Ibraheem had been twisted and distorted in the Tawrah and the Injeel. The Tawrah and Injeel that are present today are not the same that were revealed to Mousaa and ‘Eisaa, peace be upon them both, but rather they have been afflicted by change and distortion which have taken them both far away from the Tawrah and Injeel which were revealed to the two Messengers Mousaa (as) and ‘Eisaa (as).
Allah (SWT) ametaja baadhi ya Ahkaam ambazo Mitume waliotangulia Muhammad ﷺ walikuja nazo katika Qur’aan Tukufu. Ifuatayo ni uteuzi wa baadhi ya hizo:
Allah (swt) has mentioned some of the Ahkaam that the Messengers prior to Muhammad (saw) had come with in the Qur’aan Al-Kareem. The following is a selection of these:
1 – Allah Ta'aalaa alisema kuhusu Sulemani (as):
1 – Allah Ta’Aalaa said in relation to Suleiman (as):
Akahesabu ndege na akasema, "Mbona simuoni hudhudi - au yuko miongoni mwa wasiokuwepo? Hakika nitamuadhibu adhabu kali au nitamchinja isipokuwa atanilete hoja iliyo wazi."
And he took attendance of the birds and said, "Why do I not see the hoopoe - or is he among the absent? I will surely punish him with a severe punishment or slaughter him unless he brings me clear authorization." (An-Naml 20-21).
Hakuna tofauti yoyote kati ya Waislamu kuhusu kuondolewa kwa adhabu kwa ndege, hata kama ilifanya kitu kinachoonekana kuwa kibaya. Kwa hakika, adhabu ya wanyama wote imeondolewa kwa kuwa Nass (maandishi) imekuja ikieleza hilo. Mjumbe wa Allah ﷺ alisema:
This is whilst there is no difference of opinion amongst the Muslims in respect to dropping punishment for the bird and even if it did something seen to be wrong. Indeed, the punishment of all animals has fallen as a Nass (text) has come explaining that. The Messenger of Allah (saw) said:
Majeraha au madhara yanayosababishwa na wanyama hayana lawama (hayahesabiwi kuwa ni kosa).
The injuries/harms of the beasts are free of blame/innocent
(yaani, hawana lawama na hawana dhamana kwa chochote wanachoharibu au kuharibu n.k.…).
(i.e. they are free from blame and there is no guarantee/liability for anything they ruin or damage etc…).
2 – Na katika Shariá ya Zakariyyaa (as) ni kauli ya Allah Ta'aalaa:
2 – And from the Sharee’ah of Zakariyaa (as) is the Qawl of Allah Ta’Aalaa:
(Zakariyaa) alisema: "Mola wangu! Nipangie ishara." Akasema: "Ishara yako ni kwamba hutasema na watu kwa usiku tatu, ilhali huna kasoro yoyote ya mwili" (Maryam 10).
(Zakariyaa) said: "My Lord! Appoint for me a sign." He said: "Your sign is that you shall not speak unto mankind for three nights, though having no bodily defect (Maryam 10).
Hii ilikuwa amri kwa Zakariyaa (as) kutozungumza na watu kwa usiku tatu mfululizo, ambayo ilikuwa aina ya Sawm (kufunga) kutokana na kutumia usemi. Hii ilikuwa wakati katika Uislamu kufunga ni kutokana na chakula, kinywaji na mahusiano ya kimwili, na hakuna Sawm katika Uislamu kutokana na usemi.
This was a command to Zakariyaa (as) to not speak to the people for three consecutive nights which was a form of Sawm (fasting) from using speech. This is whilst in Islaam the fasting is from food, drink and intimate relations and there is no Sawm in Islaam from speech.
3 – Kutoka katika Shariah ya Musa (as) kuna kauli ya Allah (swt):
3 – From the Sharee’ah of Mousaa (as) there is the Qawl of Allah (swt):
Na kwa wale waliokuwa Mayahudi, Tuliharamisha kila (mnyama) mwenye kwato zisizogawanyika, na Tuliwaharamishia mafuta ya ng'ombe na kondoo isipokuwa yale yaliyoshikamana na migongo yao au matumbo yao, au yaliyochanganyika na mfupa (Al-An'aam 146).
And unto those who are Jews, We forbade every (animal) with undivided hoof, and We forbade them the fat of the cow and the sheep except what adheres to their backs or their entrails, or is mixed up with a bone (Al-An’aam 146).
Hiyo ni kwamba katika Sharia ya Uislamu, yote hayo yamehalalishwa kwa Waislamu kutokana na Kauli Yake Azza Wa Jalla:
That is whilst in the Sharee’ah of Islaam, all of that has been made Halaal for the Muslims due to His Qawl ‘Azza Wa Jalla:
Na chakula chenu ni halali kwao (Al-Maaidah 5).
And your food is lawful to them (Al-Maa’idah 5).
Mafuta haya (Shuhoom) yanayotokana na chakula chetu ni halali kwao, na kwa sababu hiyo hukumu za Shari'ah yao zilikuwa zimefutwa.
These fats (Shuhoom) from our food are lawful for them and as such the Ahkaam of their Sharee’ah had been abrogated.
4 – Na katika Sharia ya Yusuf (as) ni kauli ya Allah Ta'ala:
4 – And from the Sharee’ah of Yousuf (as) is the Qawl of Allah Ta’Aalaa:
Wakasema: "Adhabu yake itakuwa ni kwamba yule ambaye kikapu chake kitaonekana kina kitu hicho, ndiye atakayeshikiliwa kama adhabu yake. Hivyo ndivyo tunavyowaadhibu madhalimu!" {(Yusufu 75)}
They [Yusuf's (Joseph) brothers] said: "The penalty should be that he, in whose bag it is found, should be held for the punishment (of the crime). Thus we punish the Zhaalimoon (wrong-doers, etc.)!" (Yousuf 75).
Hii inamaanisha kumweka mwizi kizuizini kama adhabu ya wizi, wakati Uislamu umeweka kukatwa kwa mkono kuwa adhabu ya mwizi.
This means taking the thief into custody as a punishment for the theft and this is whilst Islaam has made cutting the hand the punishment for the thief.
5 – Na katika Sharia ya Ya'qub (as) ni kauli Yake (swt):
5 – And from the Sharee’ah of Ya’qoub (as) is His Qawl (swt):
Vyakula vyote vilikuwa halali kwa Wana wa Israeli, isipokuwa kile ambacho Israeli alijiharamishia mwenyewe (Aali ‘Imraan 93).
All food was lawful to the Children of Israel, except what Israel made unlawful for himself (Aali ‘Imraan 93).
Hii ni kwa sababu katika Uislamu, si haki kwa Mtume kujiharamishia yale ambayo Allah hakuyaharamisha. Allah (SWT) anasema
This is whilst in Islaam it is not for the Messenger to make Haraam upon himself that which Allah did not make Haraam. Allah (swt) says
Ee Nabii! Kwa nini unajiharamishia yale ambayo Allah amekuhalalishia (At-Tahrim 1).
O Prophet! Why do you ban (for yourself) that which Allah has made lawful to you (At-Tahreem 1).