Kanuni Zinazohusiana na Tarjeeh (Kuchagua Lililo na Nguvu Zaidi) ya Al-Aqyisah (Mafananisho)

Kanuni Zinazohusiana na Tarjeeh (Kuchagua Lililo na Nguvu Zaidi) ya Al-Aqyisah (Mafananisho) - Al-Waadih Fee Usool ul-Fiqh | Quran Course

Kwa msingi wa kulinganisha (Al-Qiyaas) na adhabu iliyotajwa katika Aya, inatosha kwetu kuandaa silaha za vita zilizo sawa na silaha za adui. Hii ni kwa sababu kumelinganisha vita na adhabu kwa kuzingatia 'Illah inayodhaniwa, ambayo imehitimishwa (Istinbaat) kwa msingi wa mfanano uliopo kati ya vita na adhabu.

Based on analogy (Al-Qiyaas) upon the punishment mentioned in the Aayah it would be sufficient for us to prepare weaponry for war which is equal to the weaponry of the enemy. This is based on having made analogy of the war upon the punishment due to a perceived ‘Illah that had been deduced (Istinbaat) based upon the resemblance between the war and the punishment.

Kwa hiyo, sifa (maelezo) ya silaha zinazohitajika katika kupigana na adui inatofautiana katika Qiyaas mbili, na hukumu inayotokana na Qiyaas ya kwanza ina nguvu zaidi kuliko hukumu inayotokana na Qiyaas ya pili. Hii ni kwa sababu 'Illah ya dalili ya kwanza imekuja kwa Dalaalatan (kwa maana iliyofichika), na hii inajidhihirisha katika 'kuitisha hofu na kuwatia woga adui'. Wakati huo huo, 'Illah katika dalili ya pili imetolewa kwa njia ya kuhitimisha (Istinbaatan). Ni Zhanniyah (ya kubashiri) na kwa kuwa inapingana na 'Illah iliyotajwa ndani ya maandiko, inakataliwa na haizingatiwi. Kwa msingi huo, si halali kwa Waislamu kupitisha fikra ya usawa wa kimkakati baina yao na adui zao. Hii ni kwa sababu fikra hiyo inapingana na kinyume cha yale ambayo Daleel ya kwanza imeyataja katika maandiko yake, pamoja na kuwa ni fikra chafu iliyosafirishwa na makafiri na mataifa makafiri, ambayo wao wenyewe hawayashikilii, huku wakiwataka Waislamu kuyashikilia, ili Waislamu wabaki katika hali ya udhaifu mbele yao.

Consequently, the Siffah (description) of weaponry required in the fighting of the enemy differs in the two Qiyaas’s and the Hukm deduced by the first Qiyaas outweighs the Hukm that has been deduced from the second Qiyaas. That is because the ‘Illah of the first text has come Dalaalatan (by implication) and this is manifested in the ‘terrifying or striking fear into the enemy’. That is whilst the ‘Illah in the second text has been deduced by way of deduction (Istinbaatan). It is Zhanniyah (speculative) and because it is opposing the ‘Illah that has been mentioned within the text it is rejected and not given consideration. As such, it is not permissible for the Muslims to adopt the thought of strategic balance between them and their enemies. That is because it is in opposition and contrary to what the first Daleel has mentioned in its text in addition to it being a dirty thought that has been exported by the disbelievers and disbelieving states, which they do not stick to whilst they demand that the Muslims stick to it, so that the Muslims remain in a position of weakness before them.

3 – Kuhusu ‘Ilal (sababu za kisheria) zilizotolewa kwa njia ya Istinbaat (kutoa hukumu kwa kuchambua maandiko) au Qiyaasiyan (kwa kulinganisha), hizi zinaweza kutofautiana kutoka kwa Mujtahid mmoja hadi mwingine. Hivyo, Mujtahid mmoja anaweza kutoa ‘Illah kutoka kwenye maandiko ambayo ni kinyume na ‘Illah ambayo Mujtahid mwingine ameitoa. Kwa sababu hiyo, kutatokea mgongano kati ya Ahkaam za tawi kulingana na tofauti ya ‘Illah iliyotolewa. Kwa mfano:

3 – As for the ‘Ilal (legal reasonings) that have been deduced by Istinbaat (deduction) or Qiyaasiyan (by analogy) then these could differ from one Mujtahid to another. So a Mujtahid could deduce an ‘Illah from a text which is contrary to the ‘Illah that another Mujtahid has deduced. As a consequence, there will be a conflict amongst the Ahkaam of the branch in line with the difference of the deduced ‘Illah. For example:

Allah (SWT) alisema:

Allah (swt) said:

Kanuni Zinazohusiana na Tarjeeh (Kuchagua Lililo na Nguvu Zaidi) ya Al-Aqyisah (Mafananisho)

Maoni ya ziada kuhusu maoni mawili ya maimamu hao wawili: