Al-Haraam (Lililokatazwa)
Al-haraam (the Prohibited)
Al-Haraam kwa mujibu wa Istilaah Ash-Shar'i (ufafanuzi wa kisheria wa istilahi ya Shariah):
Al-Haraam in accordance to the Istilaah Ash-Shar’i (terminological Shar’iy definition):
Ni kile ambacho Shaari' (Mwenye kutunga sheria) ameomba kisifanywe kwa ombi la kuamrisha kwa uthabiti (Talab Jaazim), na ni kile ambacho mfanyaji wake analaumiwa na kuadhibiwa kwacho. Al-Haraam ni sawa na neno Mahzhoor.
It is that which the Shaari’ (Legislator) has requested not to be performed by way of a decisive request (Talab Jaazim) and it is that which its doer is censured and punished for. Al-Haraam is synonymous with the word Mahzhoor.
Kwa mtazamo wa Hanafiyyah, neno Haraam halitumiki isipokuwa dalili ya hukumu hiyo ni Qat'iy (yenye uhakika), na ikiwa dalili ilikuwa Zhanniy (isiyo na uhakika) wao huiita 'Makruh Tahriman'.
In the view of the Hanafiyah the word Haraam is not used unless the Daleel for the Hukm was Qat’iy (definite) and if it was Zhanniy (indefinite) they called it ‘Makrooh Tahreeman’.
Hata hivyo, hakuna tofauti kati ya Hanafiyah na wengine kuhusu jambo la Haram na Makrooh Tahreemi, katika suala la kwamba anayeliacha hupewa thawabu na anayelitenda huadhibiwa.
There is however no difference between the Hanafiyah and others in relation to both the Haraam and the Makrooh Tahreeman in respect to the person leaving it being rewarded and the one doing it being punished.
Mifano ya mambo yaliyoharamishwa ni ile iliyotajwa katika Kauli ya Allah Ta'aalaa:
Examples of the Haraam include that which was mentioned in the Qawl of Allah Ta’Aalaa:
Mmepigwa marufuku kwenu (kula): Al-Maytah (wanyama waliokufa - mifugo isiyochinjwa), damu, nyama ya nguruwe…
Prohibited to you (for food) are: Al-Maytah (the dead animals - cattle-beast not slaughtered), blood, the flesh of swine… (Al-Maa’idah 3).
Na katika Kauli Yake (SWT):
And in His Qawl (swt):
Na Allah ameihalalisha biashara kwenu, na ameharamisha riba (ulimbikaji wa faida kwa mkopo).
And Allah has made trade Halaal for you and has made Ribaa (usury) Haraam (Al-Baqarah 275).
Na katika maneno ya Mtume wa Allah ﷺ:
And in the speech of the Messenger of Allah (saw):
Kila Mwislamu kwa Mwislamu mwenzake ni haramu (hairuhusiwi kukiuka); damu yake, mali yake na heshima yake (Muslim).
Every Muslim in respect to (another) Muslim is Haraam (inviolable); his blood and his property and his honour (Muslim).
Uqoobah (adhabu) kwa haramu inaweza kuwa duniani (maisha ya dunia hii), kama katika kauli Yake (SWT):
The ‘Uqoobah (punishment) for the Haraam could be in the Dunyaa (life of this world) like in His Qawl (swt):
Na wale wanaowasingizia wanawake wenye usafi, kisha hawaleti mashahidi wanne, wapigeni viboko themanini, wala msikubali ushahidi wao milele; hao ndio Mafasiki (waasi, wasiomtii Mwenyezi Mungu) (An-Nur 4).
And those who accuse chaste women, and produce not four witnesses, flog them with eighty stripes, and reject their testimony forever, they indeed are the Fasiqun (rebellious, disobedient to Allah) (An-Nur 4).
Na adhabu (ya ‘Uqoobah) kwa haramu inaweza pia kuwa Akhera, kama ilivyokuja katika kauli ya Allah Taʿala:
And the ‘Uqoobah (punishment) for the Haraam can also be in the Aakhirah (hereafter) like has come in the Qawl of Allah Ta’Aalaa:
Hakika, wale wanaokula mali ya mayatima kwa dhulma, hawali isipokuwa moto tumboni mwao, nao watachomwa katika Moto unaowaka!
Verily, those who unjustly eat up the property of orphans, they eat up only a fire into their bellies, and they will be burnt in the blazing Fire! (An-Nisaa’ 10).