Al-Iftaa’, Al-Ijtihaad na Al-Qadaa’
Al-iftaa’, Al-ijtihaad And Al-qadaa’
Tofauti kati ya Al-Iftaa' na Al-Ijtihaad:
The difference between Al-Iftaa’ and Al-Ijtihaad:
1 – Al-Ijtihaad ni kutumia au kutoa juhudi za Mujtahid (na uwezo wake) ili kuchota (Istinbaat) Ahkaam Ash-Shar'iyah za kivitendo kutoka katika dalili zake za kina (moja kwa moja).
1 – Al-Ijtihaad is the exerting or expending of the Mujtahid’s effort (and capability) to deduce (Istinbaat) the practical Ahkaam Ash-Shar’iyah from its detailed evidences (directly).
Kuhusu Al-Iftaa’ (yaani kutoa Fatwa), maana yake ni Mufti kutoa taarifa kuhusu Hukm Ash-Shar’iy ya Mas’ala fulani, iwe tukio hilo limetokea au la.
As for Al-Iftaa’ (i.e. passing of the Fatwaa) then it means the Mufti informing about the Hukm Ash-Shar’iy for a Mas’alah (issue) whether that issue occurred or not.
2 – Ni sharti na masharti katika Al-Ijtihaad kwamba Mujtahid awe anafahamu fani za elimu za Shar'iyah na fani za elimu za lugha zinazohitajika kwa ajili ya kutoa hukumu (Hukm) kwa njia ya istinbati.
2 – It is stipulated and made a condition in Al-Ijtihaad for the Mujtahid to be familiar with the Shar’iyah areas of knowledge and the linguistic areas of knowledge that are necessary for the deduction of the Hukm to be made.
Kwa upande wa Al-Iftaa’, inatosha kwa Mufti kujua Hukm Ash-Shar’iy kuhusu suala aliloulizwa, hata kama yeye si Mujtahid katika suala hilo.
As for Al-Iftaa’, then it is enough for the Mufti to know the Hukm Ash-Shar’iy for the issue that he has been asked about and even if he is not a Mujtahid in it.