Vojib Mutlaq va Vojib Muqayyad (Cheklanmagan vojib va cheklangan vojib):
Waajib Mutlaq and Waajib Muqayyad (The unrestricted obligation and the restricted obligation):
1 – Al-Vojib Al-Mutlaq (cheklanmagan majburiyat):
1 – Al-Waajib Al-Mutlaq (unrestricted obligation):
Shariy (Qonun chiqaruvchi) vaqt bilan cheklamasdan amalga oshirilishini buyurgan ishlar shunday; bunga misol qilib, sog'liq yoki safar kabi shar'iy udr (sabab) tufayli Ramazonda ro'za tutmagan kishining Ramazon qazosini keltirish mumkin. Chunki u buni xohlagan vaqtda, muayyan yil bilan cheklanmasdan qazo qilishi mumkin. Bu masalada ba'zi fuqahoning, jumladan hanafiylarning fikri shunday. Boshqalar esa, agar mukallaf buga qodir bo'lsa (ya'ni bir yil ichida), o'tkazib yuborilgan ro'zani o'sha Ramazondan keyingi Ramazon kelishidan oldin qazo qilishi shart deb belgilaganlar.
This is what the Shaari’ (Legislator) has requested to be done without restricting it to a specific time and an example of this type is the Qadaa’ of Ramadhaan for the one who did not fast due to a Shar’iy ‘Udhr (excuse/reason) like sickness or travelling. That is because he can make Qadaa’ for it when he wishes without it being restricted to a specified year. This is the opinion of some of the Fuqahaa’ in this issue including the Hanafiyah. Others however have stipulated that it is a condition for the person to make up (Qadaa’) for what he missed before the coming of the Ramadhaan that follows the Ramadhaan in which he didn’t fast, if the Mukallaf is capable of doing that (i.e. within a year).
Boshqa misollarga kaffaratlar (kafforalar) va muayyan muddatga bog'lanmagan nazrlar (nazrlar) kiradi. Shunday qilib, kim o'z qasamini yoki nazrini buzsa va bu vaqt jihatidan cheklanmagan bo'lsa, u qasamni buzganidan so'ng darhol talab qilinadigan kafforani (kaffarah) ado etishi mumkin, agar xohlasa, nazrini ham darhol bajarishi mumkin yoki uni o'zi xohlagan vaqtgacha kechiktirishi mumkin.
Other examples include the Kaffaaraat (expiations) and unrestricted vows (Nudhoor). So whoever breaks one’s oath or vow, without being restricted to a specific time, can undertake the required expiation (Kaffaarah) directly after his breaking and undertake his vow immediately if he wishes to or he can delay it until a time of his choosing.
2 – Al-Waajib Al-Muqayyad (cheklangan vojib):
2 – Al-Waajib Al-Muqayyad (restricted obligation):
Shar'iy (Shoriy) tomonidan belgilangan va aniq hamda muayyan vaqti ko'rsatilgan amallar ham bor. Masalan, besh vaqt farz namoz va Ramazon oyining ro'zasi shular jumlasidandir, chunki ularni belgilangan vaqtidan oldin ado etish joiz emas, va mukallaf uzrli sababsiz amalni o'z vaqtidan kechiktirsa, gunohkor bo'ladi.
This is what the Shaari’ has requested to be undertaken and specified a specific and defined time for its performance or undertaking. Examples of this include the five obligatory prayers and the fasting of Ramadhaan because it is not permitted to undertake them before their set and specified time and the Mukallaf is sinful if he delays the action from its time without a legitimate legal excuse.
Vojib al-muqayyad ikki turga bo‘linadi: Vojib muvassa’ va Vojib mudayyaq.
The Waajib Al-Muqayyad is divided into two categories: Waajib Muwassa’ and Waajib Mudayyaq.
A – Al-Waajib Al-Muwassa’: Shunday vojib-ki, unga belgilangan vaqt uni ado etish uchun, shuningdek, shu turdagi boshqa amallarni ado etish uchun ham kengligi va imkoniyatini beradi. Masalan, peshin namozi shunday.
A – Al-Waajib Al-Muwassa’: That which the time specified for its performance provides some time, room or expansiveness for it and other actions of its type to be performed. That is like the Zhohr prayer for example.
B – Al-Waajib Al-Mudayyaq (tor): Bu shunday vojib ibodatki, uning belgilangan vaqti o‘z turidagi boshqa ibodatlarni ado etishga joy qoldirmaydi. Masalan, Ramazon ro‘zasi kabi. Chunki uning vaqti faqat shu ichida farz qilingan ro‘zani ado etishga yetadi, boshqasiga joy qolmaydi.
B – Al-Waajib Al-Mudayyaq (narrow): That which its specified time for its performance does not provide room for others of its type (to be performed) and this is like the fasting of Ramadhaan. That is because its time does not provide room except for the fulfilment of the obligatory fasting within it.