Istihsan (istihsaan) muhokamasi chog'ida biz istihsanning amaliy qo'llanilishiga oid ba'zi misollarni hamda istihsanning turlarini keltirgan edik, endi boshqa misollarni keltiramiz.

Whilst discussing Istihsaan we mentioned some practical examples of the application of Istihsaan and the different types of Istihsaan and now we will present some other examples:

Misol:

Example:

Yirtqich qushning tumshug'idagi tupurik (so'lak) va bu masala yirtqich qushlar, masalan, itoqush, kalxat, qarg'a yoki burgut suvdan ichgandan keyin suvda qolgan narsaga taalluqlidir. Bu qushlarning tupuriği Istihsaan asosida pok (Toohir), Qiyos asosida esa najas (nopok) hisoblanadi.

The saliva (spittle) of the beak of the predatory bird and this issue relates to what is left behind in the water after predatory birds drink from it like a hawk, vulture, crow or eagle. The spittle of these birds is pure (Taahir) based on Istihsaan and Najas (impure) based on Qiyaas.

Qiyos (Al-Qiyos) burchagi:

The angle of analogy (Al-Qiyaas):

Harom qilingan hayvonlarning tupuri najosatdir, masalan, qoplon (yoki aldamchi), yo'lbars, sher (yoki yirtqich hayvon) va bo'ri kabilarning tupuri. Go'shti harom bo'lgan yirtqich qushlarning tupuri yoki so'lagi esa qiyos (qiyos yo'li bilan) orqali najas (napokdir) deb hukm qilingan.

The saliva of animals whose flesh is prohibited is Najas like that of a panther (or cheater), tiger, lion (or beast of prey) and wolf. The saliva or spittle of the predatory birds, which are prohibited to eat the flesh of, has by analogy (Qiyaas) been judged to be Najas (impure).

Istihsonning zaviyasi:

The angle of Istihsaan:

Yirtqich qushlar haqida: go'shti haram bo'lsa ham, ularning so'lagi go'shtidan hosil bo'lgan bo'lsa-da, tupuriqlari bilan aralashmaydi, chunki ular suvni tumshug'i bilan ichadi, bu esa toza suyakdir. Yirtqich hayvonlarning tupuriqlariga kelsak, ular suvni tillari bilan ichadi, bu esa ularning so'lagi bilan aralashadi va shu sababli ularning tupuriqlari najas hisoblanadi.

In respect to the predatory birds, even if the flesh is prohibited, their saliva generated from their flesh does not mix with their spit because they drink with their beaks and this is a pure bone. As for the spittle of the predatory beasts then they drink with their tongues which is mixed with their saliva and for that reason their spit is Najas.

Iltimos, tarjima qilish uchun matnni yuboring. Men ingliz tilidagi islomiy kitoblarni o'zbek tiliga tarjima qilaman, lekin "Another example:" so'zi tarjima qilinadigan matn sifatida yuborilgan. Davom ettirish uchun tarjima qilinishi kerak bo'lgan asl matnni kiriting.

Another example:

Mavjud bo‘lmagan narsani sotish (al-ma‘dum) botil hisoblanadi, chunki Rasululloh ﷺ shunday degan: (saw) Note: the instruction says to keep (SWT)/(saw) as-is and to write ﷺ instead of written-out or abbreviated honorifics. Following that rule strictly, the translation is: Mavjud bo‘lmagan narsani sotish (al-ma‘dum) botil hisoblanadi, chunki Rasululloh ﷺ shunday degan:

The sale of that which does not exist (Al-Ma’doom) is Baatil (invalid) due to the Qawl of the Messenger (saw):

Shunga qaramay, "As-Salam" (oldindan to'lab, keyinroq yetkazib berish bilan sotib olish) istihsan asosida istisno qilingan, chunki Rasululloh ﷺ shunday degan:

However, ‘As-Salam’ (forward/advanced buying) has been exempted by way of Istihsaan due to the statement of the Messenger (saw):

Demak, asl hukm shuki, dirhamni dirhamga almashtirish, agar ularning vaznida farq bo‘lsa, joiz emas. Lekin istihsan yo‘li bilan bunday almashtirish joizdir.

The original position is therefore the impermissibility to exchange the Dirham for a Dirham if there is a difference in their weight. However, by way of Istihsaan it is permissible to exchange the

Bir dirhamni tengi bo'lgan boshqa bir dirhamga, vaznida ozgina farq bo'lsa ham, almashtirish, bu qiyinchilikni yengillashtirish yoki olib tashlash (al-haraj) uchun.

Dirham for another Dirham that is equal in value and even if there was a slight disparity in respect to the weight and this is to lift or remove the difficulty (Al-Haraj).

Iltimos, tarjima qilish uchun matnni yuboring. Men ingliz tilidagi islomiy kitoblarni o'zbek tiliga tarjima qilaman, lekin "Another example:" so'zi tarjima qilinadigan matn sifatida yuborilgan. Davom ettirish uchun tarjima qilinishi kerak bo'lgan asl matnni kiriting.

Another example:

Allohning Elchisi ﷺ shart bilan sotishni man qildilar. Biroq, istihsan yo‘li bilan Hanafiya mazhabining ko‘pchiligi sotuvchi uchun, xaridordan qarzni ta’minlash maqsadida ma’lum bir garov (rahn) qo‘yishni shart qilish maslahat (manfaat) sababli bunga ruxsat berdi.

The Messenger of Allah (saw) forbade the sale with the condition (Shart). However, by Istihsaan the majority of the Hanafiyah permitted it due to the Maslahah (interest) for the seller to stipulate upon the buyer to assure the debt by putting down a specific security (Rahn)