Islomiy fiqhda qiyosning ahamiyati
The Importance of Qiyaas within Islamic Fiqh
Qiyos islomiy qonunchilikda Qur’on, Sunnat va Ijmo’dan keyin, to‘rtinchi o‘rinni egallaydi. Shu bilan birga, u fiqh sohasida boshqa shar’iy dalillardan ajralib turadigan alohida ahamiyatga ega. Bunga quyidagi jihatlar sabab bo‘ladi:
Qiyaas takes the forth position within the Islamic legislation as it comes after the Qur’aan, the Sunnah and Ijmaa’. However, it also holds a particular significance within the area of Islamic Fiqh which is distinguished from the rest of the Shar’iyah Adillah. That is due to the following matters:
1 – Qiyos Qur’on, Sunnat va Ijmo’ bilan mustahkam bog‘liqdir. Buning sababi shundaki, bu uchtasi – Adillah Al-Ijmaaliyah – tarkibida shar’iy ‘illatlar (sabablar) bayon etilgan matnlarni o‘z ichiga oladi, ular esa shar’iy hukmlarni chiqarib olish uchun qiyosni talab qiladi. Qiyossiz bu hukmlarni istidlol qilish yoki ajratib olish mumkin emas.
1 – Qiyaas has a firm relationship with the Qur’aan, the Sunnah and the Ijmaa’. That is due to these three Adillah Al-Ijmaaliyah containing texts which include Shar’iyah ‘Ilal (reasonings) which require Qiyaas for the purpose of deducing Ahkaam Shar’iyah. Without Qiyaas it is not possible to deduce or extract these Ahkaam.