As-Sahobah — bu shunday ibora (lafz)ki, u Nabiy ﷺ bilan suhbati uzoq davom etgan, u zot bilan ko‘p o‘tirgan, uni ortidan ergashgan va undan ilm olgan kishiga nisbatan qo‘llangan.

As-Sahaabah is a Lafzh (wording) that has been applied to the one whose Suhbah (companionship) with the Nabi (saw) has been lengthy and his sittings with him have been many involving pursuing him and taking from him (saw).

Imom al-Hofiz o‘z isnodida Sa’id ibn al-Musayyibdan rivoyat qiladi, u shunday degan: “Biz biror kishini Sahobalardan hisoblamaymiz, agar u Allohning Rasuli ﷺ bilan bir yil yoki ikki yil birga yashamagan bo‘lsa va (yoki) u bilan bir yoki ikki g‘azotda qatnashmagan bo‘lsa”.

Al-Imaam Al-Haafizh related in his ‘Isnaad’ from Sa’eed Ibn AlMusayyib that he said: “We do not count someone to be from the Sahaabah unless he resided with the Messenger of Allah (saw) for a year or two years and (or) went to battle (Ghazwah) with him on one or two Ghazwahs”.

Al-Mazaniy “Sharh al-Burhon” kitobida shunday degan: “Biz sahobalarni ‘udul’ (adolatli) deganimizda, uni ko‘rgan har bir kishini, yoki uni vaqti-vaqti bilan ziyorat qilgan yoki biror maqsad uchun uchrashib, keyin (tez) ketib qolgan kishilarni nazarda tutmaymiz. Biz faqat uning yonida qolgan, uni qo‘llagan va Alloh nozil qilgan nurga ergashgan kishilarni nazarda tutamiz, ular esa najot topguvchilardir (muflihun)”.

Al-Maazaniy said in ‘Sharh Al-Burhaan’: “When we say that the Sahaabah are ‘Udool (just) we have not meant everyone who saw him (saw), or visited him occasionally, or met with him for a certain purpose and then left (quickly). Rather we only mean those who remained beside him, supported him and followed the light that Allah had revealed, and those are the successful ones (Muflihoon)”.

Suhbat (hamroh bo'lish) quyidagi holatlar bilan isbotlanadi, jumladan: 1 – Tavotur orqali: bu Abu Bakr,Ali, Umar, Usmon (roziyallohu anhum) va jannat bilan xushxabar berilgan barcha zotlarning suhbatiga o'xshaydi.

The Suhbah (companionship) is established by (certain) matters including: 1 – By Tawaatur: This is like the Suhbah (companionship) of Abu Bakr, ‘Ali, ‘Umar, ‘Uthmaan (rah) and all of those who were given glad tidings of Jannah.

2 – Akhbor al-Ahod orqali: Bu esa sahobalar yoki tobiinlarning yakka rivoyatlari orqali biror shaxs sahobiy bo‘lgani naql qilinganda, yoki o‘sha shaxsning o‘zi bu haqda xabar berib, uning ishonchliligi tasdiqlanganda ham shunday bo‘ladi.

2 – By Akhbaar Al-Aahaad: And this is when it has been related from single narrations of the Sahaabah or the Taabi’een that such and such a person was a Sahaabiy or through his own informing about this after affirming his trustworthiness that he is a Sahaabiy.

Barcha sahobalar adolatli va ishonchli ('Udul) bo'lib, ularning 'adolati (adolatliligi yoki ishonchliligi) ulardan birortasiga nisbatan so'ralmaydi. Balki bu masala ularning adolatli va ishonchli ekanligi Kitob va Sunnat matnlari orqali tasdiqlanganligi sababli hal qilingan, ulardan ba'zilari Ijmo' as-sahobaning hujjatliligi (haqiqiyligi) mavzusiga oid oldinroq zikr qilingan.

All of the Sahaabah are ‘Udool (just and trustworthy) and their ‘Adaalah (justice or trustworthiness) is not enquired about in respect to any of them. Rather this matter has been dealt with because they have been accredited as being just and trustworthy through the texts of the Kitaab and the Sunnah, some of which we mentioned earlier in relation to the subject of the Hujjiyah (validity) of Ijmaa’ AsSahaabah.

Ishonchliligini zaiflashtirishga intilayotganlar, bizning guvohlarimizni ishonchsiz deb e'lon qilish orqali (yomon niyatda) Kitob va Sunnatni zaiflashtirishni xohlaydilar, xolos.

Those who seek to undermine their trustworthiness only wish to declare our witnesses to be unreliable in a (malicious) attempt to undermine the Kitaab and the Sunnah.

Sahoba bo‘lgan biror kishi o‘zi ma’sum (gunohsiz) emas, va boshqa har qanday insonda uchraydigan xatolar va man etilgan ishlarni qilish ehtimoli unda ham mavjud. Biroq ular dindan bizga yetkazgan va naql qilgan narsalar, hatto yakka holda bo‘lsa ham, sahih hisoblanadi, chunki ular Payg‘ambar ﷺ ning: “Ulardan qaysi birining ortidan ergashsangiz, hidoyat topasiz” degan so‘zlari tufayli naql borasida ishonchli (‘udul) kishilardir (al-Bayhaqiy va ad-Daylamiy Ibn ‘Abbosdan rivoyat qilganlar).

It is true that a Sahaabiy by himself is not Ma’soom (infallible) and what is possible to happen in respect to any other human being in terms of making mistakes and committing prohibited acts is also possible in respect to him. However, what they have transferred and transmitted to us from the Deen, even if this was individually, is Saheeh (valid) because they are ‘Udool (trustworthy) in respect to transmission due to the speech of the Messenger (saw): “By anyone of them you follow you will be guided” (Al-Bayhaqi and AdDailamiy attributed it from Ibn ‘Abbaas).

Biroq, ular kelishgan va ittifoq qilgan masalalarga kelsak, bu ularning ijmoʼining hujjatligi (Hujjiyah) haqidagi, biz zikr qilgan sabablarga ko‘ra, sihhati (Sihhah) jihatidan qat'iydir.

However, in regards to what they agreed and held a consensus upon then this is definite in respect to its validity (Sihhah) due to the reasons that we mentioned related to the Hujjiyah of their Ijmaa’.