Hujjiyat ul-Istihsaan (Istihsanning dalil sifatida hujjatligi, ya'ni uning shar'iy dalil sifatida qabul qilinishi uchun asoslar)
Hujjiyat ul-Istihsaan (Evidence or proof for its validity as a source of evidence)
Istihsān ni hujjat (shariat manbai sifatida dalil) sifatida qo'llab-quvvatlash uchun ular keltirgan dalillardan quyidagilar:
The following are from amongst the evidences that they have brought to support Istihsaan as a Hujjah (legal source of proof/evidence):
Qur'ondan:
From the Qur’aan:
Alloh Taolo aytadi:
The Qawl of Allah Ta’Aalaa:
Gapga quloq tutadigan va uning eng go'zalini ergashadiganlar (Az-Zumar, 18).
Those who listen to the speech and follow the best of it (Az-Zumar 18).
Va Uning qavli Subhanahu:
And His Qawl Subhaanahu:
Va Rabbingizdan sizga nozil qilingan eng go'zal narsaga ergashing (Az-Zumar 55).
And follow the best of what was revealed to you from your Lord (Az-Zumur 55).
Birinchi oyatga ularning dalil sifatida keltirgan jihati shundaki, u eng go‘zal so‘zga ergashuvchini maqtash va ulug‘lashni o‘z ichiga oladi. Ikkinchi oyatning jihati esa Allohning nozil qilgan narsalarning eng go‘zaliga ergashish haqidagi amridir. Agar istihsan hujjat bo‘lmasa, unda bu maqtov, ulug‘lash va bu mazmun nima uchun mavjud?
In respect to the first Aayah the angle that they have used for proof is that it contains praise and commendation for the one who follows the best speech. The angle of the second Aayah is His Ta’Aalaa’s command to follow the best of what He revealed. If Istihsaan is not a Hujjah (proof) then why does this praise, commendation and matter exist.
Ijmo' haqida:
As for the Ijmaa’:
Shunga ko‘ra, hammom (hammom)ga kirish, u yerda qancha vaqt o‘tkazilishi, qancha suv ishlatilishi va qancha pul to‘lanishi aniq belgilanmagan holda ruxsat etilishi bo‘yicha barcha fuqaholarning ijmo‘i bilan sobit bo‘lgan. Holbuki, bu Islomdagi shartnomaning (‘aqd) shartlari va ruknlariga zid keladi.
Then this is represented in the Ijmaa’ of all of the Fuqahaa in respect to the permissibility to enter the bathroom without specification of the amount of time to be spent in it, the quantity of water used and without specifying the amount that has been paid... This is whilst it is contrary to the conditions and pillars of the ‘Aqd (contract) in Islaam.
Xuddi shunday, suv ichish uchun uni hovuchlab beradiganlarning qo‘lidan suv ichishga ruxsat berilganligi haqida, suv miqdori aniqlab berilmagan holda, fuqahoning ijmo’i bor.
Similarly, there is the Ijmaa’ of the Fuqahaa upon the permission to drink water from the hands of those who provide it without specifying the amount of water.
Istihsan tarafdorlari uning ma'nosini aniqlashga, xususiyatlarini belgilashga va u istak hamda xohishlarga asoslangan gap yoki fikr emasligini, balki faqat bir qiyosdan boshqa qiyosga o'tish, yoki umumiy qoida (qoidai kulliyya)dan istisno qilish, yoki ushbu o'tish yoki istisno yoxud tor doiraga keltirishni talab qiladigan dalil tufayli umumiy asl (asos)dan xususiylashtirishni ifodalashini tushuntirishga harakat qilganlar.
Those who held the view of Istihsaan attempted to clarify its meaning, specify its features and explain that it does not represent a statement or opinion based on desires and whims but rather it only represents the departure of one Qiyaas to another Qiyaas, or an exemption from a Qaa’idah Kulliyah (comprehensive principle), or the specification from a general Asl (origin) due to a Daleel that requires that departure or the exemption or specification.