Qur’u so‘zi mushtarak lafz (bir necha ma’noni anglatuvchi so‘z ifodasi) bo‘lib, shu sababli uning ma’nosi aniq emas. Arablar orasida u ikki (ehtimoliy) ma’noni bildiradi: at-tuhr (pokiza bo‘lish) va al-hayd (hayz ko‘rish). Shu bilan birga ma’lumki, Shori’ (Qonun chiqaruvchi) ulardan birini nazarda tutgan, ikkinchisini emas, chunki bitta masalaga bitta hukm bo‘lishi zarur. Shu bilan birga, musulmonning vazifasi shu hukmni izlash va ijtihod orqali uni bilishdir.
The Qur’u is a Mushtarak Lafzh (a worded expression that holds more than one meaning) and hence its meaning is unclear. Amongst the Arabs it indicates two (possible) meanings: At-Tuhr (purity) and Al-Haid (menstruation). That is whilst it is known that the Shaari’ (Legislator) intended one of them and not the other because it is necessary for there to be one Hukm for one Mas’alah. At the same time, it is the duty of the Muslim to search for this Hukm and know it via Ijtihaad.
Shunday qilib, "Qur'un" so'zi Lafzh Mushtarak bo'lib, ikki ma'noni bildiradi: tahorat (poklik) va hayz (hayz ko'rish). Ushbu lafzning oyatda qo'llanilishi tufayli ishkol (qiyinchilik yoki muammoli masala) paydo bo'lgan. Shu sababli bu matn mushkil (muammoli) deb hisoblangan.
So the Lafzh ‘Qur’un’ is a Lafzh Mushtarak indicating two meanings: Purity and menstruation and as a result of the usage of this Lafzh in the Aayah an Ishkaal (a difficult or problematic issue) has arisen. This text has therefore been considered to be Mushkil (problematic).
Endi men fuqahoning ijtihodlarining bir ko‘rinishini taqdim etaman: ikki ma’nodan birini boshqasidan ustun qo‘yish masalasida, qarinalar (ishoralar) va dalillar orqali mujtahid eng ehtimolli yoki ustun deb topgan, Shoriy’ (Qonun chiqaruvchi) nazarda tutgan narsani aks ettiradigan ma’noni tanlash haqida.
I will now present a picture of the Ijtihaadaat of the Fuqahaa in regards to outweighing one of the two meanings over the other by way of Qaraa’in (connotations) and Adillah (evidences) that the Mujtahid found most probable or preponderant to reflect what the Shaari’ (Legislator) intended.
A – Hanafiylarning «al-Qur'u» so'zining maqsadi «al-Hayz» (hayz ko'rish) degan fikri:
A – The opinion of the Hanafiyah that the intended meaning of ‘Al-Qur’u’ is ‘Al-Haid’ (menstruation):
Ular o‘z xulosalarini quyidagilarga asoslanganlar: Alloh Taolo hayz (hayz ko‘rish) orqali iddani kutish mumkin bo‘lmagan holatda iddani oylar bilan belgiladi. Bu esa, Alloh Taoloning quyidagi so‘zida zikr qilinganidek, iddani kutish masalasida hayzning asl ekanligini ko‘rsatadi: {...}
They based their deduction upon the following: That Allah Ta’Aalaa made I’tidaad or ‘Iddah (period of waiting) by months in the case where the period of waiting by the Haid (menstruation) is not possible. That indicates that the Haid (menstruation) is the Asl (origin) in respect to the waiting period as was mentioned in the Qawl of Allah Ta’Aalaa: