Al-ijtihod va at-taqlid o‘rtasidagi farq
The Difference Between Al-ijtihaad And At-taqleed
1 – Ijtihod — shariatning amaliy hukmlarini uning batafsil dalillaridan keltirib chiqarish uchun (qodir kishining) harakat qilishi; Taqlid esa amaliy shar'iy hukmlarga oid boshqa birovning fikriga ergashishdir.
1 – Al-Ijtihaad is the exertion of (capable) effort to deduce the practical Ahkaam Ash-Shar’iyah from its detailed evidences, whilst At-Taqleed is following the opinion of someone else in relation to the practical Ahkaam Ash-Shar’iyah.
2 – Ijtihod asldir (asl holat), va Alloh uni amalga oshirishga savob qo‘ygan: ijtihodida to‘g‘ri bo‘lgan kishiga ikki savob, noto‘g‘ri bo‘lgan kishiga esa bir savob beriladi. Taqlid esa esa Shar’ tomonidan maqtalmagan, Alloh uni buyurmagan va unga savob qo‘yilmagan.
2 – Al-Ijtihaad is the Asl (original position) and Allah has placed reward upon its undertaking; two rewards for the one who is correct in his Ijtihaad and one reward for the one who is incorrect. That is whilst At-Taqleed is not commended by the Shar’a, it has not been commanded by Allah and reward has not been placed upon it.
3 – Ijtihod musulmonlar zimmasidagi farzi kifoya bo‘lib, biror davrda kamida bitta mujtahid bo‘lmasligi joiz emas. Taqlid esa buyurilgan emas, uning kam uchrashi yoki musulmonlar orasida oz bo‘lishi ma’qulroqdir.
3 – Al-Ijtihaad is a Fard Kifaayah upon the Muslims and it is not permitted for an era to not have at least one Mujtahid within it. That is whilst At-Taqleed has not been commanded and it is more appropriate for its occurrence to be less or for it to happen little amongst the Muslims.
4 – Ijtihod aqoid (e'tiqodlar) sohasida amalga oshmaydi, chunki uning dalillari qat'iy ad-dalolatdir (ma'no va ko'rsatmada aniq) va ularda taqlid qilish haromdir. Biroq shar'iy ahkomlar yuzasidan ijtihod qilish va taqlid qilish ruxsat etilgan.
4 – Ijtihaad does not take place in the Aqaa’id (beliefs) because its evidences are Qat’iy Ad-Dalaalah (in indication and meaning) and it is Haraam to make Taqleed in respect to them. It is however permitted to perform Ijtihaad and Taqleed in respect to the Ahkaam Ash-Shar’iyah.