Sigʻat un-nahiy (taqiqlash shakli)
Seeghat Un-nahi (the Forbiddance Form)
Nahiy (taqiqlash) Arab tilida o‘zining sig‘asiga ega bo‘lib, u: لآ تَفْعَل yoki لا يَفْعَل shaklida bo‘ladi va u ishni tark etish yoki qilmaslik ma’nosini bildiradi, ‘Alaa Wajh-il-Isti’laa’ (yuqori hokimiyat tomonidan kelgan talab asosida) ko‘rinishida. Arab nutqining uslublariga muvofiq ishni tark etish yoki undan qaytishni ifodalovchi siyag‘ (shakllar) mavjud bo‘lib, nahiy ma’nosini gaplarning tuzilishidan anglash mumkin. Nahiyning shakllarini quyidagicha umumlashtirish mumkin:
The Nahi (forbiddance) has a Seeghah (form) in the Arabic language and it is: لآ تَفْعَل or لا يَفْعَل and it means to leave or not do the action ‘Alaa Wajh -il-Isti’laa’ (upon the basis that it has come from a higher authority). There are Siyagh (forms) in accordance to the styles of the Arabic speech that establish the leaving or refraining from the action and the meaning of the Nahi can be deduced from the composition of the sentences. It is possible to sum up the forms of the Nahi as follows:
1- لا تَفْعَلْ yoki لا يَفْعلَ shakli Allohning taolo quyidagi qavliga o‘xshaydi:
1- The form لآ تَفْعَلْ or لا يَفْعلَ This is like the Qawl of Allah Ta’Aalaa:
Va Alloh harom qilgan jonni (insonning hayotini) — haqli sabab bilan bo‘lmasa — o‘ldirmang (Al-An’om, 151).
And do not kill the soul (human life) which Allah has forbidden [to be killed] except by [legal] right (Al-An’aam 151).
2 – Lafzh حَرَّمَ (harrama) va uning hosilalari (mushtaqotlari). Masalan, Allohning (SWT) quyidagi so‘zi:
2 – The Lafzh حَرَّمَ ( Harrama) and its derivations (Mushtaqaat). This is like the Qawl of Allah (swt):
Sizlarga harom qilingan narsalar: o'lik hayvon, qon, cho'chqa go'shti va Allohdan boshqaga atab qurbon qilingan narsa (Moida 3).
Prohibited to you are dead animals, blood, the flesh of swine, and that which has been dedicated to other than Allah (Al-Maa’idah 3).
3 – Lafzh "نَهَى" (nahā – to forbid) va uning mushtaqqotlari (hosilalari). Masalan, Allohning Qavli (SWT):
3 – The Lafzh ' نَهَئ' (to forbid) and its Mushtaqaat (derivations). This is like in His Qawl (swt):
Va u fahsho, yomon xulq va zulmdan qaytaradi (An-Nahl, 90).
And forbids immorality and bad conduct and oppression (An-Nahl 90).
4 – Ogohlantirish ifodalari (At-Tahdheer alfaozi), masalan: ‘إياك‘ Bu, Allohning Elchisi (ﷺ)ning hadisida bo‘lgani kabi.
4 – Alfaazh At-Tahdheer (worded expressions of warning) like: ‘إياك‘ This is like in the Hadeeth of the Messenger of Allah (saw):
Namozda o'girilib qaramoqdan ehtiyot bo'ling.
Beware of turning in the Salaah
5 – Lafz (so'zlanishi) «لا يَحِلَّ» («Halol emas»)
5 – The Lafzh (wording) ‘لا يَحِلَّ ‘It is not Halaal).
Bu uning ﷺ hadisi kabidir:
This is like his statement (saw):
Qo‘shiqchi ayollarni (al-mug‘anniyat) sotish, sotib olish yoki ular bilan savdo qilish halol emas, ularning narxini iste’mol qilish esa haromdir (Ibn Moja, “Sunan” kitobining “Tijorat” bobi).
It is not Halaal to sell Al-Mughanniyaat (female singers), or purchase them, or trade in them, and the consumption of their price is Haraam (Ibn Maajah in his Sunan in the Book of Tijaaraat).
Barcha yuqoridagi shakllar nahiy (taqiqlash) ma'nosini ifodalaydi, garchi ularning aksariyati tilning o'zi tomonidan nahiyni bildirish uchun maxsus belgilanmagan bo'lsa ham. Ulardagi nahiy gapning lisoniy tuzilishi va tarkibi hamda ularning nahiy ma'nosi jihatidan nimani anglatishi orqali belgilanadi. Chunki arab tilida nahiy uchun o'rnatilgan va berilgan yagona shakl bu "Laa An-Naahiyah" (لا) (taqiqlash "laa"si) bilan bog'langan Mudori' (hozirgi zamon fe'li) shaklidir.
All of the above forms establish the Nahi (forbiddance) and even if most of them have not been provided in origin by the language to indicate the Nahi. The Nahi in them is established by the linguistic formation and composition of the sentence and what they indicate in terms of the meaning of the Nahi. That is because the only form that has been set and provided by the Arabic language for the Nahi is that of the Mudaari’ (present verb) form that is connected to the ‘Laa An-Naahiyah’ (لا) (the ‘Laa’ of forbidding).