کتابنامه
Bibliography
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I don't see any text to translate in your message. It contains only "[Arabic]," which looks like a placeholder rather than the actual content. Please paste the English text you'd like translated into Pashto, and I'll translate it for you.
[Arabic].
عبدالرحمن، ا.، او ی. ناګاتا (۱۹۷۷) ’د مصر او ترکیې ګډ سیستم‘، Journal of Asian and African Studies ۱۴: ۱۶۹‒۱۹۴.
Abdul Rahman, A., and Y. Nagata (1977) ‘The Iltizam System in Egypt and Turkey’, Journal of Asian and African Studies 14: 169‒194.
ابو الحاج، نادیا (۱۹۹۸ء) ‘Translating Truths: Nationalism, Archaeological Practice and the Remaking of Past and Present in Contemporary Jerusalem’، American Ethnologist 25(2): 166–118۔
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ابو الحاج، نادیا (۲۰۰۱) Facts on the Ground: Archaeological Practice and Territorial Self-fashioning in Israeli Society (شیکاګو، IL: University of Chicago Press).
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Abu Lughod, Ibrahim (1988) ‘Territorially-based Nationalism and the Politics of Negation’, in Edward W. Said and Christopher Hitchens (eds.) Blaming the Victims: Spurious Scholarship and the Palestinian Question (London: Verso):
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ابو لغود، ابراهیم، راجر هیکاک او خالد ناشف (ایډیټران) (۱۹۹۱) د فلسطین منظره: مبهم شاعري (بیرزیت، فلسطین: د بیرزیت پوهنتون خپرونې).
Abu-Lughod, Ibrahim, Roger Heacock and Khaled Nashef (eds.) (1991) The Landscape of Palestine: Equivocal Poetry (Birzeit, Palestine: Birzeit University Publications).
Abu-Manneh, Butrus (1999) ‘The Rise of the Sanjak of Jerusalem in the Late Nineteenth Century’, in Ilan Pappé (ed.) The Israel/Palestine Question (London: Routledge): ابو منه، بطرس (۱۹۹۹) ‘د نولسمې پیړۍ په وروستیو کې د بیت المقدس د سنجق پورته کیدل’، په ایلان پاپې (ایډیټر) کې، د اسراییل/فلسطین پوښتنه (لندن: راټلج):
Abu-Manneh, Butrus (1999) ‘The Rise of the Sanjak of Jerusalem in the Late Nineteenth Century’, in Ilan Pappé (ed.) The Israel/Palestine Question (London: Routledge):
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41‒51.
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Abu-Sa’ad, Ismael (2005) ‘Forced Sedentarisation, Land Rights and Indigenous Resistance:
د نیګیف فلسطیني بدوان، په نور مسالها (ایډ.) کې: کاتاسټروف ریمیمبرډ: فلسطین–اسرائیل او داخلي کډوال: د ایډوارډ ډبلیو سعید د یاد لپاره مقالې (لندن: زیډ بکس): 113–141.
The Palestinian Bedouin in the Negev’, in Nur Masalha (ed.) Catastrophe Remembered: Palestine‒Israel and the Internal Refugees: Essays in Memory of Edward W. Said (London: Zed Books): 113–141.
ابو سعد، اسماعیل (۲۰۰۸) ’حاضر غائبان: اسرائیل میں عربی سکولی نصاب بطورِ آلہ برائے ’غیر تعلیم‘ مقامی فلسطینیوں کی‘، Holy Land Studies 7(1):
Abu-Sa’ad, Ismael (2008) ‘Present Absentees: The Arab School Curriculum in Israel as a Tool for De-educating Indigenous Palestinians’, Holy Land Studies 7(1):
17–43.
17–43.
ابو ستا، سلمان (۲۰۱۰) اطلس فلسطین ۱۹۱۷–۱۹۶۶ (لندن: د فلسطین د ځمکو ټولنه).
Abu-Sitta, Salman (2010) Atlas of Palestine 1917‒1966 (London: Palestine Land Society).
Adamec, Ludwig W. (2009) Historical Dictionary of Islam (Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press). Note: The text is a bibliographic reference, so I have kept the author, title, publisher and place names in their original Latin script, as the rules require for references in square brackets. However, since it was not enclosed in square brackets, I have translated it as written above and left the Latin letters intact for the reference details.
Adamec, Ludwig W. (2009) Historical Dictionary of Islam (Lanham, MD: Scarecrow Press).
احلستروم، ګوستا ډبلیو (۱۹۹۳) د پیړیني فلسطین تاریخ له پالیولیتیک دورې تر اسکندر د فتح پورې (شیفیلډ: شیفیلډ اکادمیک پریس).
Ahlström, Gösta W. (1993) The History of Ancient Palestine from the Palaeolithic Period to Alexander’s Conquest (Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press).
البلاذري (۲۰۱۴) کتاب فتوح البلدان [د شارونو د فتوحاتو کتاب]، د فیلیپ حتي لخوا ژباړل شوی، د اسلامي دولت سرچینې (۱۹۱۶؛ نیویارک: کولمبیا پوهنتون)، د عربي متن ژباړه، د کتاب فتوح البلدان د توضیحاتو، جغرافیايي او تاریخي یادښتونو سره؛ چارلسټن، ساوت کارولینا: نابو پریس.
Al-Baladuri (2014) Kitab Futuh al-Buldan [Book of the Conquests of Lands], translated by Philip Hitti, The Origins of the Islamic State (1916; New York: Columbia University), Being a Translation from the Arabic, Accompanied with Annotations, Geographic and Historic Notes of Kitab Futuh al-Buldan (Charleston, SC: Nabu Press).
البوم، سټیفن (۱۹۹۸) د اسلامي سکو یوه لیست، دویمه ګڼه (سانتا روزا، کالیفورنیا:
Album, Stephen (1998) A Checklist of Islamic Coins, 2nd edition (Santa Rosa, CA:
(ایس. البم).
S. Album).
الدباغ، مصطفى مراد (۱۹۶۵ او ۱۹۷۲–۱۹۸۶) بلادنا فلسطین [زموږ هیواد، فلسطین]، ۱۱ ټوکې (بیروت: دار الطلیعة او دار الهدی).
Al-Dabbagh, Mustafa Murad (1965 and 1972‒1986) Biladuna Filastin [Our Country, Palestine], 11 vols. (Beirut: Dar al-Taliah and Dar al-Huda).
الفارابي (1985) په کامل ټولنه کې د ښو خلکو نظرونه [مبادیٔ آراء اهل المدینة الفاضلة]، د R. Walzer لخوا ژباړل شوی (آکسفورډ: Clarendon Press).
Al-Farabi (1985) On the Perfect State [Mabadia Araʾ Ahl al-Madanat al-Faḍilah], translated by R. Walzer (Oxford: Clarendon Press).
الحموی، یاقوت (1861) کتاب معجم البلدان [د هېوادونو فرهنګ] (لیډن:
Al-Hamawi, Yaqut (1861) Kitab Mu’jam al-Buldan [Dictionary of Countries] (Leiden:
(بریل؛ اصل میں 1224–1228 میں شائع ہوا)
Brill; originally published 1224‒1228).
الحوت، بيان ن. (۱۹۸۱) القيادات المؤسساتية السياسية في فلسطين، ۱۹۱۷–۱۹۴۸
Al-Hut, Bayan N. (1981) Al-Qiyadat al-Mu’assasat al-Siyasiyyah fi Filastin, 1917–1948
د فلسطین په سیاسي ادارو کې مشرتوب، ۱۹۱۷–۱۹۴۸ (بیروت: د فلسطین د مطالعاتو انستیتیوت).
[Leadership of the Political Institutions in Palestine, 1917‒1948] (Beirut: The Institute of Palestine Studies).
الادريسي (1592) De Geographia Universali: کتاب نزهة المشتاق في ذکر الأمصار والأقطار والبلدان والجزر والمدائن والآفاق [کتاب د لیرې سفرونو ته د خوښې]. (Medici Press: Rome).
Al-Idrisi (1592) De Geographia Universali: Kitab Nuzhat al-Mushtaq fi Dhikr al-Amsar wa-al-Aqtar wa-al-Buldan wa-al-Juzur wa-al-Madain wa-al-Afaq [The Book of Pleasant Journeys into Faraway Lands] (Medici Press: Rome).
الاصفهانی، عماد الدین (۱۸۸۸) فتح الشام و فلسطین بدست صلاح الدین [Conquest of Syria and Palestine by Saladin]، تصحیح کارلو لاندبرگ (لیدن: بریل). Note: The text is a bibliographic reference, so I have kept the Latin-script title and publisher details inside the square brackets as required, and transliterated the names and title into Pashto script.
Al-Isfahani, Imad al-Din (1888) Conquête de la Syrie et de la Palestine par Salâh ed-dîn [Conquest of Syria and Palestine by Saladin], ed. Carlo Landberg (Leiden: Brill).
الجعبہ، نظمی (2008) ’ہیبرون کا شیشہ: صدیوں پرانی روایت‘، This Week in Palestine، 25 جنوری، یہاں پر: http://archive.thisweekinpalestine.com/details.
Al-Ju’beh, Nazmi (2008) ‘Hebron Glass: A Centuries-old Tradition’, This Week in Palestine, 25 January, at: http://archive.thisweekinpalestine.com/details.
php?id=2133&edid=140
php?id=2133&edid=140
المقدسي، محمد بن احمد شمس الدين (۱۸۶۶ء) د سوريا تشریح، په دې کې فلسطین شامل دی (بنګال: د بنګال آسیایي ټولنه).
Al-Maqdisi (al-Muqaddasi/al-Mukaddasi), Muhammad ibn Ahmad Shams al-Din (1866) Description of Syria, Including Palestine (Bengal: Asiatic Society of Bengal).
البقدسي (المقدسي) (۱۹۹۴) احسن التقاسيم في معرفة الاقاليم، ژباړه د بasil انتوني کالينز (ریډنګ: ګارنټ پبلشنګ).
Al-Maqdisi (al-Muqaddasi) (1994) The Best Divisions for Knowledge of the Regions [Ahasan al-Taqasim Fi Ma’rifat al-Aqalim], translated by Basil Anthony Collins (Reading: Garnet Publishing).
المقدسی (المقدسي)، شمس الدین ابو عبدالله محمد بن احمد (۲۰۰۲) احسن التقاسیم فی معرفة الاقالیم [بهترین تقسیمات د پیژندګلو لپاره د سیمو] (بیروت: دار الکتب العلمیة).
Al-Maqdisi (al-Muqaddasi), Shams al-Din Abi ‘Abd Allah Muhammad ibn Ahmad (2002) Ahsan al-Taqasim Fi Ma’rifat al-Aqalim [The Best Divisions for Knowledge of the Regions] (Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya).
الترک، صادق احمد ابراہیم (۱۹۹۸ء)۔ صالح بن احمد التموُرتاشی کے قلمی نسخے "الخبر التام لذکر الأرض المقدسۃ وحدودہا وذکر أرض فلسطین وحدودہا وشام" کا مطالعہ۔ ایم اے کا مقالہ، جامعۃ النجاح، فلسطین۔
Al-Turk, Sadiq Ahmad Ibrahim (1998) Study of Salih ibn Ahmad al-Tumurtashi’s manuscript Al-Khabar al-Tam for Dhikr al-Ard al-Muqaddasah wa-Hududiha wa-Dhikr Ard Filastin wa-Hududiha wa-Sham. MA Dissertation, al-Najah University, Palestine.
الشیخ، عبدالرحیم (۲۰۱۰) ’گزشتہ کال په یروشلم کې‘، This Week in Palestine 141 (January)، په دې پتې کې: [http://www.thisweekinpalestine.com/details.php?id= 2969&ed=177&edid=177]
Al-Shaikh, Abdul-Rahim (2010) ‘Last Year in Jerusalem’, This Week in Palestine 141 (January), at: http://www.thisweekinpalestine.com/details.php?id= 2969&ed=177&edid=177
الطمرطاشي، صالح بن أحمد (١٦٩٥–١٦٩٦م). الخبر التام لذكر الأرض المقدسة وحدودها وذكر أرض فلسطين وحدودها والشام [الخبر التام في ذكر الأرض المقدسة وحدودها وذكر أرض فلسطين وحدودها والشام] (أبو ديس، القدس:
Al-Tumurtashi, Salih ibn Ahmad (1695‒1696) Al-Khabar al-Tam for Dhikr al-Ard al-Muqaddasah wa-Hududiha wa-Dhikr Ard Filastin wa-Hududiha wa-Sham [The Complete Knowledge in Remembering the Holy Land and its Boundaries and Remembering Palestine and its Boundaries and al-Sham] (Abu Dis, Jerusalem:
(مرکز احیاء التراث الاسلامی)
Markez Ihyai al-Turath al-Islami).
العليمي، مجير الدين (۱۹۷۳)۔ الأنس الجليل بتاريخ القدس والخليل [د بیت المقدس او خلیل تاریخ شان]۔ عمان۔ Note on the translation: the bracketed title is an English rendering of the book's title; the original text itself contains no Latin letters apart from the reference brackets, so the title is rendered in Pashto script below. العليمي، مجير الدين (۱۹۷۳)۔ الأنس الجليل بتاريخ القدس والخليل [د بیت المقدس او خلیل تاریخ شان]۔ عمان۔
Al-ʿUlaymi, Mujir al-Din (1973) Al-Uns al-Jalil bi-Tarikh al-Quds wal-Khalil [The Glorious History of Jerusalem and Hebron] (Amman).
اندرسن، بینیډکټ (۱۹۹۱) تصوراتي ټولنې: د ملیت د پیدایښت او خپریدو په اړه څرګندونې، بیاکتل شوی او پراخ شوی چاپ (لندن او نیویارک: ورسو).
Anderson, Benedict (1991) Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism, revised and extended edi (London and New York: Verso).
اندرسن، اروین ایچ. (۲۰۰۵) بائبل تفسیر او د منځني ختیځ پالیسي: ژمنه شوې ځمکه، امریکا، او اسرائیل (ګینزویل، فلوریډا: د فلوریډا پوهنتون خپرونه).
Anderson, Irvin H. (2005) Biblical Interpretation and Middle East Policy: The Promised Land, America, and Israel (Gainesville, FL: University Press of Florida).
امیانوس مارسیلینوس (نږدې ۳۸۰ میلادي) د رومي تاریخ اثر: کتاب ۱۴، ۸، ۱۱، Tertullian.org، په دې پتې: http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/ Texts/Ammian/14*.html العنبسي، غالب (۱۹۹۲) د «فضائل الارض المقدسة» ادب څخه. ماسټرۍ مقاله، د تل ابیب پوهنتون [عبرني].
Ammianus Marcellinus (c. 380) The Roman History of Ammianus Marcellinus: Book XIV, 8, 11, Tertullian.org, at: http://penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/ Texts/Ammian/14*.html Anabsi, Ghalib (1992) From the ‘Merits of the Holy Land’ Literature. MA dissertation, Tel Aviv University [Hebrew].
Arrian (2006) Anabasis Alexandri [The Journey of Alexander], Book VIII (Indica) Note: The text in brackets is a reference, so it stays in Latin letters as required. Translation: آریان (۲۰۰۶) انابسیس الیګزانډري [د سکندر سفر]، اتم کتاب (انډیکا)
Arrian (2006) Anabasis Alexandri [The Journey of Alexander], Book VIII (Indica)
(سڈنی: Accessable Publishing Systems, Read How You Want)
(Sydney: Accessable Publishing Systems, Read How You Want).
اسالی، ک. ج. (مدیر) (۱۹۹۰) یروشلم په تاریخ کې (نیویارک: اولیو برانچ پریس).
Asali, K. J. (ed.) (1990) Jerusalem in History (New York: Olive Branch Press).
اشکرافټ، بیل، او پال اهلوالیا (2001) ایډورډ سعید: روټلېج د مهمو مفکرینو لړۍ، د پیپرابیک چاپ (لندن او نیویارک: روټلېج).
Ashcroft, Bill, and Pal Ahluwalia (2001) Edward Said: Routledge Critical Thinkers, paperback edition (London and New York: Routledge).
اشیری، ډیویډ، الن بی. لائډ او الدو کورچیلا (2007) د هیروډوټس د ۱ تر ۴ پوری تبصره. د اوسويډ مری او الفونسو مورینو لخوا سمون ورکړل شوی (اکسفورډ: اکسفورډ پوهنتون خپرندویه ټولنه).
Asheri, David, Alan B. Lloyd and Aldo Corcella (2007) A Commentary on Herodotus I‒IV. Edited by Oswyn Murray and Alfonso Moreno (Oxford: Oxford University Press).
اشکلونی، بروریا بیټون، او آریه کوفسکي (ایډیټران) (۲۰۰۴) کرسچن غزه په ناوړه لرغونتوب کې (لیډن: بریل).
Ashkelony, Brouria Bitton, and Arieh Kofsky (eds.) (2004) Christian Gaza in Late Antiquity (Leiden: Brill).
د ashrawi, Hanan Mikhail (1995) This Side of Peace: A Personal Account (New York:
Ashrawi, Hanan Mikhail (1995) This Side of Peace: A Personal Account (New York:
(Simon & Schuster)
Simon & Schuster).
عتیک، نعیم سٹیفن (۱۹۸۹) انصاف، او یوازې انصاف: د فلسطیني آزادۍ یوه الهیاتي نظریه (نیویارک: اوربس).
Ateek, Naim Stifan (1989) Justice, and Only Justice: A Palestinian Theology of Liberation (New York: Orbis).
Avni, Gideon (2014) The Byzantine‒Islamic Transition in Palestine: An Archaeological Approach (Oxford: Oxford University Press). Translation into Pashto: ایوني، ګدیعون (۲۰۱۴) د فلسطین بیزنطي‑اسلامي انتقال: یوه لرغونپیژندنیزه کتنه (اکسفورډ: اکسفورډ یونیورسیټي پریس).
Avni, Gideon (2014) The Byzantine‒Islamic Transition in Palestine: An Archaeological Approach (Oxford: Oxford University Press).
اذریاهو، معوز (۱۹۹۵) دولتي مراسم: د اسرائیل په ۱۹۴۸ تر ۱۹۵۶ کلونو کې د خپلواکۍ جشنونه او د شهیدانو یادګارونه (صده بوکر: د بنګوریون د مطالعې مرکز).
Azaryahu, Maoz (1995) State Rituals: Independence Celebrations and Memorials for the Fallen in Israel, 1948‒1956 (Sde Boqer: Ben-Gurion Study Centre).
Azaryahu, Maoz (1996) ‘The Power of Commemorative Street Names’, Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 14: 311‒330. Note: Since this is a bibliographic reference in Latin script, the rules call for names of books and places to be written in Pashto script, but this reference already contains the author's name, the title and the journal in English. Translating it faithfully as Pashto text would look like this: ازاریاهو، ماعوز (۱۹۹۶) ‘The Power of Commemorative Street Names’، Environment and Planning D: Society and Space ۱۴: ۳۱۱‒۳۳۰.
Azaryahu, Maoz (1996) ‘The Power of Commemorative Street Names’, Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 14: 311‒330.
اذاریاهو، ماوز (۱۹۹۷) ‘د آلمان بیا یوځای کیدل او د سړکونو د نومونو سیاست: د مشرقي برلین قضیه’، Political Geography ۱۶(۶): ۴۷۹‒۴۹۳.
Azaryahu, Maoz (1997) ‘German Reunification and the Politics of Street Names: The Case of East Berlin’, Political Geography 16(6): 479‒493.
ازاریهو، معوز، او ارنون ګولان (۲۰۰۱) ‘(بیا) نومول د ځمکنۍ منظرې: د اسراییل د عبري نقشې جوړښت ۱۹۴۹–۱۹۶۰’، Journal of Historical Geography، ۲۷(۲): ۱۷۸–۱۹۵.
Azaryahu, Maoz, and Arnon Golan (2001) ‘(Re)naming the Landscape: The Formation of the Hebrew Map of Israel 1949–1960’, Journal of Historical Geography, 27(2): 178–195.
د ازاریاهو، م.، او کوک، ر. (۲۰۰۲) ‹د ملت نقشهکشي: سړکونو نومونه او د عرب-فلسطیني هویت: درې موردي څېړنې›، Nations and Nationalism 8(2):
Azaryahu, M., and Kook, R. (2002) ‘Mapping the Nation: Street Names and Arab-Palestinian Identity: Three Case Studies’, Nations and Nationalism 8(2):
195–213.
195–213.
بګرو، لیو (۲۰۱۰) د نقشه کشۍ تاریخ، د آر. اې. سکیلټن لخوا بیاکتل شوی، دویمه شپږمه ځل خپرونه (نیو برانزویک او لندن: ټرانزېکشن پبلشرز).
Bagrow, Leo (2010) History of Cartography, revised by R. A. Skelton, 2nd edition (New Brunswick and London: Transaction Publishers).
بال، وارويک (۲۰۰۰) روم په ختیځ کې: د یوې امپراتورۍ بدلون (لندن:
Ball, Warwick (2000) Rome in the East: The Transformation of an Empire (London:
(راوټلیج)
Routledge).
بارام، عزی (۲۰۰۷ الف) ‘Archaeological Surveys, Excavations and Landscapes of the Ottoman Imperial Realm: An Agenda for the Archaeological Modernity of the Middle East’، په Gelichi, Sauri, and Mauro Librenti (eds.) Constructing Post-medieval Archaeology in Italy: A New Agenda کې (Lorenzo: Edizioni All’Insegna del Giglio): ۱۱‒۱۸.
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Bruyère, Bernard (1929‒1930) Mert Seger à Deir el Médineh [The Egyptian Deity Mertseger at al-Medina] (Cairo: Institut Français d’Archéologie Orientale).
بورکھارٹ، جان لوئیس (۱۸۲۲) سفرونه په سوریه او مقدس ځمکه کې (لندن: J.
Burckhardt, John Lewis (1822) Travels in Syria and the Holy Land (London: J.
Murray)
Murray).
بورج، ګاري ایم. (۲۰۰۳) څه ځمکه؟ څه ژمنه؟ (کلیولینډ: د زائرینو چاپخونه)
Burge, Gary M. (2003) Whose Land? Whose Promise? (Cleveland: The Pilgrim Press)
برګوین، مایکل هیملټن (۱۹۸۷) مملوکي یروشلم: یوه معماري مطالعه (لندن: د یروشلم د برتانوي آثارو پوهنتون او د اسلامي نړۍ د جشن بنسټ).
Burgoyne, Michael Hamilton (1987) Mamluk Jerusalem: An Architectural Study (London: British School of Archaeology in Jerusalem and the World of Islam Festival Trust).
بورگوین، مایکل هیملټن، او امل ابو الحاج (۱۹۷۹ م) ’د یروشلم څخه څلور ویشت منځنۍ عربي کتیبې‘، Levant شمېره ۱۱: ۱۲۸–۱۲۹۔
Burgoyne, Michael Hamilton, and Amal Abu al-Hajj (1979) ‘Twenty-Four Medieval Arabic Inscriptions from Jerusalem’, Levant no. 11: 128–129.
Burns, Thomas S., and John W. Eadie (eds.) (2001) Urban Centers and Rural Contexts in Late Antiquity (East Lansing, MI: Michigan State University Press). Note: This is a bibliographic reference, so the Latin-script title and publication details are kept as they are, per the rule for references in square brackets. Since the rule applies only to names of people, places and books written in the body text, this citation is left untranslated.
Burns, Thomas S., and John W. Eadie (eds.) (2001) Urban Centers and Rural Contexts in Late Antiquity (East Lansing, MI: Michigan State University Press).
بوسو، یوهان (۲۰۱۱) حمیدي فلسطین: د بیت المقدس د ولسوالۍ سیاست او ټولنه ۱۸۷۲–۱۹۰۸ (لیډن او بوسټن: بریل).
Büssow, Johann (2011) Hamidian Palestine: Politics and Society in the District of Jerusalem 1872‒1908 (Leiden and Boston: Brill).
بوچر، کیوین (۲۰۰۳) رومی سوریه او نږدې ختیځ (لاس انجلس، کالیفورنیا: ګیټی خپرونې).
Butcher, Kevin (2003) Roman Syria and the Near East (Los Angeles, CA: Getty Publications).
کینن، گارلنډ، او الن ایس کای (۱۹۹۴) د انګلیسي ژبې ته د عربو ونډې: یوه تاریخي قاموس (ویسبادن: هراسووټز ورلاګ).
Cannon, Garland, and Alan S. Kaye (1994) The Arab Contributions to the English Language: A Historical Dictionary (Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag).
کریکر، اندرو جیمز (۲۰۰۳) د قیصریہ د یوسابیوس کتابتون (لیدن: بریل).
Carriker, Andrew James (2003) The Library of Eusebius of Caesarea (Leiden: Brill).
Cattan, Henry (1969) Palestine, the Arabs and Israel: The Search for Justice (London: Note: the Pashto rendering of this reference line, with the title and place names in Pashto script: کیٹن، ہنری (۱۹۶۹) فلسطین، عرب اور اسرائیل: د عدالت پلټنه (لندن:
Cattan, Henry (1969) Palestine, the Arabs and Israel: The Search for Justice (London:
(لانگمنز)
Longmans).
چمپیئن، مایکل ډبلیو. (۲۰۱۴) Explaining the Cosmos: Creation and Cultural Interaction in Late Antiquity Gaza (Oxford: Oxford University Press).
Champion, Michael W. (2014) Explaining the Cosmos: Creation and Cultural Interaction in Late Antiquity Gaza (Oxford: Oxford University Press).
چیور، یائیل (۲۰۰۴) ۔ څه چې باید هیر شي: په صهیونیستي فلسطین کې د یدیش لیکنې ژوندی پاتې کیدل (سیراکیوز، نیویارک: سیراکیوز یونیورسٹي خپرونه)۔
Chaver, Yael (2004) What Must Be Forgotten: The Survival of Yiddish Writing in Zionist Palestine (Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press).
چامسکی، ولیم زیو (۱۹۶۷) ها-لشون ها-عبری بې درخی هتپتوتاه [د عبري ژبې د وده کولو لارې]، سفریات دانی لې-مادا او هاسکل ۷۶
Chomsky, William Zev (1967) Ha-Lashon ha-ʿIvrit be-Darkhei Hitpathutah [Ways of Development of the Hebrew Tongue], Sifriyyat Dani Le-Mada’ ve-haskel 76
دانی کتابتون د علم او روښانتیا لپاره (یروشلم: روبین خپرندویه ټولنه).
[Dani Library for Science and Enlightenment] (Jerusalem: Rubin Press).
کرستنسن، پیټر (۱۹۹۳) د ایران شهر زوال: د منځني ختيځ په تاریخ کې اوبولګونه او چاپېریالونه، ۵۰۰ م.مخکې تر ۱۵۰۰ میلادي (کوپنهاګن: موزیم توسکولانوم پریس او د کوپنهاګن پوهنتون).
Christensen, Peter (1993) The Decline of Iranshahr: Irrigation and Environments in the History of the Middle East, 500 B.C. to A.D. 1500 (Copenhagen: Museum Tusculanum Press and University of Copenhagen).
کوهن، ګیټزل ایم. (۲۰۰۶) د سوریې، د سور سمندر د بېسن او شمالي افریقا هلنستي استوګنځایونه (برکلي او لاس انجلس: د کالیفورنیا پوهنتون خپرونې).
Cohen, Getzel M. (2006) The Hellenistic Settlements in Syria, the Red Sea Basin, and North Africa (Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press).
کوهن، سال بی.، او نوریت کلیوټ (۱۹۸۱) ‘Israel’s Place Names as Reflection of Continuity and Change in Nation Building’، Names 29: 227–248.
Cohen, Saul B., and Nurit Kliot (1981) ‘Israel’s Place Names as Reflection of Continuity and Change in Nation Building’, Names 29: 227–248.
کوهن، سول بی.، او نوریت کلیوت (۱۹۹۲) ‘په اداره شوو سیمو کې د اسرائیل د نظریاتي مبارزې په دننه کې د ځایونو نومونه’، Annals of the Association of American Geographers 82(4): 653–680.
Cohen, Saul B., and Nurit Kliot (1992) ‘Place Names in Israel’s Ideological Struggle over the Administered Territories’, Annals of the Association of American Geographers 82(4): 653–680.
کرافورډ، ای. ډبلیو. سی. (لارډ لنډسې) (۱۸۴۷) د مصر، ادوم او مقدس ځمکې په اړه لیکونه (لندن: ایچ. کولبرن، ټوک دوهم).
Crawford, A. W. C. (Lord Lindsay) (1847) Letters on Egypt, Edom and the Holy Land (London: H. Colburn, V II).
Crown, Alan D. (1989) The Samaritans (Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck). Pashto translation of the bibliographic reference: the author's name and the publisher's and place names are rendered in Pashto script, while the title and the year stay as they are in the original. کراون، الن ډي. (۱۹۸۹) سامریان (توبینګن: موهر زیبیک).
Crown, Alan D. (1989) The Samaritans (Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck).
کویینټ، ویتال (۱۸۹۶) سوریه، لبنان او فلسطین: اداري، احصایوي، تشریحي او استدلالي جغرافیه (پاریس: ارنست لیرو).
Cuinet, Vital (1896) Syrie, Liban et Palestine: géographie administrative, statistique, descriptive et raisonnée (Paris: Ernest Leroux).
Cyril of Scythopolis (1991) The Lives of the Monks of Palestine (Collegeville, MN: Note: the text in brackets is a Latin-script bibliographic reference, which the rules say to keep as is, so it stays unchanged. Translated into Pashto: د سکیتوپولیس سیریل (۱۹۹۱) د فلسطین د راهبانو ژوند (Collegeville, MN: کالج ویل، مینیسوټا)
Cyril of Scythopolis (1991) The Lives of the Monks of Palestine (Collegeville, MN:
(Cistercian Publications).
Cistercian Publications).
درویش، محمود (۱۹۹۴)، ‘د لوړ سیوري ستاینه’ [‘مدیح الظل العالي’]، دیوان محمود درویش، ټوک ۲ (بیروت: دار العودة): ۶۹.
Darwish, Mahmoud (1994) ‘In Praise of the High Shadow’ [‘Madih al-Thil al-A’ali’], Diwan Mahmoud Darwish, Vol. 2 (Beirut: Dar al-‘Awdah): 69.
David, Ariel (2017) ‘Ancient Egyptian Records Indicate Philistines Weren’t Aegean Pirates After All’, Haaretz, 23 July, at: http://www.haaretz.com/ archaeology/1.802928
David, Ariel (2017) ‘Ancient Egyptian Records Indicate Philistines Weren’t Aegean Pirates After All’, Haaretz, 23 July, at: http://www.haaretz.com/ archaeology/1.802928
ډیویس، توماس ډبلیو. (۲۰۰۴) شفٹنگ سینڈز: د بائبلي آثار قدیمه پیدایښت او زوال (نیویارک: آکسفورډ یونیورسٹي پریس).
Davis, Thomas W. (2004) Shifting Sands: The Rise and Fall of Biblical Archaeology (New York: Oxford University Press).
ډیان، موشې (1978) Lehyot ‘Im HaTanakh [ژوند له تورات سره] (یروشلم: ‘Edanim) [عبرانی]. په انګلیسي ژبه کې د Living With the Bible په نوم خپور شو (لندن: Weidenfeld & Nicolson).
Dayan, Moshe (1978) Lehyot ‘Im HaTanakh’ [Living With the Hebrew Bible] (Jerusalem: ‘Edanim) [Hebrew]. Published in English as Living With the Bible (London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson).
د دي ویلفوس، انتوان هیرون (۱۸۹۷)۔ "د ۱۳۹ کال د یوې پوځي ډیپلوم موندنه په سوریه کې۔ د ښاغلي هیرون د ویلفوس یادښت، د اکادمۍ غړی"، د کتابتونونو او ادبي علومو د اکادمۍ د غونډو راپورونه ۴۱(۳): ۳۳۳‒۳۴۳۔
De Villefosse, Antoine Héron (1897) ‘Diplôme militaire de l’annee 139, découvert en Syrie. Note de M. Héron de Villefosse, membre de l’Académie’, Comptes rendus des séances de l’Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres 41(3): 333‒343.
دی ووکس، رولاند (۱۹۶۶) د کیمبرج لرغونی تاریخ: د ابتدایی برونز دور فلسطین، ټوک ۱، برخه ۱۵ (کیمبرج: د کیمبرج پوهنتون چاپخونه).
De Vaux, Roland (1966) The Cambridge Ancient History: Palestine in the Early Bronze Age, Vol. 1, Part 15 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
Dio Chrysostom (1951). Discourses, Vol. 5, translated by H. Lamar Crosby (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, Loeb Classical Library Harvard University Press). Note: The translation rules require Pashto script for names of people, places and books, with Latin letters allowed only in square-bracket references. Applying that here: دیو کریسوستوم (1951)۔ خطبات، جلد 5، ترجمہ ایچ لیمر کروسبی (کیمبرج، ایم اے: ہارورڈ یونیورسٹی پریس، لوئب کلاسیکل لائبریری، ہارورڈ یونیورسٹی پریس)۔
Dio Chrysostom (1951). Discourses, Vol. 5, translated by H. Lamar Crosby (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, Loeb Classical Library Harvard University Press).
ډونالډسن، ټیرنس ایل. (ایډ.) (۲۰۰۰) مذهبي سیالۍ او د قیصریه ماریتیما کې د بریالیتوب لپاره مبارزه (واترلو، اونټاریو: ویلفرډ لوریر یونیورسिټي پریس).
Donaldson, Terence L. (ed.) (2000) Religious Rivalries and the Struggle for Success in Caesarea Maritima (Waterloo, ON: Wilfrid Laurier University Press).
Donner, Fred McGraw (1981) The Early Islamic Conquests (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press).
Donner, Fred McGraw (1981) The Early Islamic Conquests (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press).
Dothan, Trude (1992) People of the Sea: The Search for the Philistines (New York:
Dothan, Trude (1992) People of the Sea: The Search for the Philistines (New York:
(اسکرائبنر)
Scribner).
دومانی، بشارہ (۱۹۹۵) فلسطین کی دوبارہ دریافت: جبلِ نابلس میں تاجر اور کسان، ۱۷۰۰–۱۹۰۰ (برکلے، لاس اینجلس اور لندن: یونیورسٹی آف کیلیفورنیا پریس)۔
Doumani, Beshara (1995) Rediscovering Palestine: Merchants and Peasants in Jabal Nablus, 1700‒1900 (Berkeley, Los Angeles and London: University of California Press).
Downey, Glanville (1958) ‘The Christian Schools in Palestine: A Chapter in Literary History’, Harvard Library Bulletin 12: 297‒319. Note: this is a bibliographic reference in Latin script, which the rules keep in its original form, so I have left it unchanged.
Downey, Glanville (1958) ‘The Christian Schools in Palestine: A Chapter in Literary History’, Harvard Library Bulletin 12: 297‒319.
ډاوني، ګلانویل (۱۹۶۳) غزه: د شپږمې پیړۍ په لومړیو کې (نورمن، اوکلاهوما: د اوکلاهوما پوهنتون خپرندویه ټولنه).
Downey, Glanville (1963) Gaza: In the Early Sixth Century (Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press).
ډاوني، ګلانویل (۱۹۴۹) ‘Paganism and Christianity in Procopius’، Church History 18: 89‒102.
Downey, Glanville (1949) ‘Paganism and Christianity in Procopius’, Church History 18: 89‒102.
Drijvers, Jan Willem (2004) Cyril of Jerusalem: Bishop and City (Leiden and Boston: Note: This is a bibliographic reference, so the author name, title, and publication details are kept in their original Latin script as references, per the rules.
Drijvers, Jan Willem (2004) Cyril of Jerusalem: Bishop and City (Leiden and Boston:
Brill).
Brill).
ډرورې، جوزف (۲۰۰۴) ‘Founding a New Mamlaka: Some Remarks Concerning Safed and the Organization of the Region in the Mamluk Period’، په: Michael Winter and Amalia Levanoni (eds.) The Mamluks in Egyptian and Syrian Politics and Society (Leiden and Boston: Brill): 163‒190.
Drory, Joseph (2004) ‘Founding a New Mamlaka: Some Remarks Concerning Safed and the Organization of the Region in the Mamluk Period’, in Michael Winter and Amalia Levanoni (eds.) The Mamluks in Egyptian and Syrian Politics and Society (Leiden and Boston: Brill): 163‒190.
دمپر، مایکل (۱۹۹۴) اسلام او اسراییل: مسلمانان د مذهبي وقفونو او یهودي دولت (واشنګټن، ډي سي: د فلسطین د مطالعاتو انستیتیوت).
Dumper, Michael (1994) Islam and Israel: Muslim Religious Endowments and the Jewish State (Washington, DC: Institute for Palestine Studies).
دو پن، لوئیس ایلیس، او ولیم ووټن (۲۰۱۰) یو نوی تاریخ د کلیسا لیکوالانو (ډیټرایټ، ایم آی: ګیل ECCO، چاپي ایډیشنونه؛ لومړی په ۱۶۹۳ کال خپور شوی).
Du Pin, Louis Ellis, and William Wotton (2010) A New History of Ecclesiastical Writers (Detroit, MI: Gale ECCO, Print Editions; first published 1693).
ایبان، ابا (۱۹۸۴)۔ میراث، تمدن او یهودان (لندن: ویډنفیلډ او نیکولسن).
Eban, Abba (1984) Heritage, Civilisation and the Jews (London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson).
ایدسن، ایولین (۲۰۰۴)، ‘احیای جنگ صلیبی: طرحهای سانوډو و نقشههای ویسکونټي’، در روزامنډ ایلن (ویراستار)، Eastward Bound: Travel and Travellers, 1050‒1550
Edson, Evelyn (2004) ‘Reviving the Crusade: Sanudo’s Schemes and Vesconti’s Maps’, in Rosamund Allen (ed.) Eastward Bound: Travel and Travellers, 1050‒1550
(مانچسٹر او نیویارک: مانچسٹر یونیورسٹی پریس): 131‒155.
(Manchester and New York: Manchester University Press): 131‒155.
Edson, Evelyn (2007) د نړۍ نقشه، ۱۳۰۰‒۱۴۹۲: د دودیزې کړنلارې دوام او بدلون (بالتيمور، میرلینډ: د جانز هاپکنز پوهنتون خپرندویتون).
Edson, Evelyn (2007) The World Map, 1300‒1492: The Persistence of Tradition and Transformation (Baltimore, MD: The Johns Hopkins University Press).
الاد، عامیکام (۱۹۹۲) ‘Two Identical Inscriptions From Jund Filastin From the Reign of the Abbāsid Caliph, Al-Muqtadir’، Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 35 (4): 301–360.
Elad, Amikam (1992) ‘Two Identical Inscriptions From Jund Filastin From the Reign of the Abbāsid Caliph, Al-Muqtadir’, Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 35 (4): 301–360.
Ellenblum, Ronnie (2003) 'Settlement and Society Formation in Crusader Palestine', in Thomas E. Levy (ed.) The Archaeology of Society the Holy Land (London and New York: Continuum): 502‒511. Note: the instructions require the citation to remain in Latin letters as a reference in square brackets, so I reproduce it unchanged.
Ellenblum, Ronnie (2003) ‘Settlement and Society Formation in Crusader Palestine’, in Thomas E. Levy (ed.) The Archaeology of Society the Holy Land (London and New York: Continuum): 502‒511.
الون، اموس (۱۹۹۷) ‘سیاست او آثارِ قدیمه’، په Neil Asher Silberman او David Small کې (ایډیټران): The Archaeology of Israel: Constructing the Past, Interpreting the Present (شفیلډ: Sheffield Academic Press): ۳۵‒۴۷.
Elon, Amos (1997) ‘Politics and Archaeology’, in Neil Asher Silberman and David Small (eds.) The Archaeology of Israel: Constructing the Past, Interpreting the Present (Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press): 35‒47.
الون، اموس (۱۹۸۳) اسرائیلیان: بنسټ ایښودونکي او زامن، رجسترشوی چاپ (لندن: پینګوین کتابتون).
Elon, Amos (1983) The Israelis: Founders and Sons, revised edition (London: Penguin Books).
امیت، چاد فایف (۱۹۹۵) ترې باسیلیکا هاخوا: په ناصره کې عیسویان او مسلمانان (شیکاګو، IL: د شیکاګو د پوهنتون چاپخونه).
Emmett, Chad Fife (1995) Beyond the Basilica: Christians and Muslims in Nazareth (Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press).
Esler, Philip F. (2011) Sex, Wives, and Warriors: Reading Biblical Narrative with its Ancient Audience (Eugene, OR: Cascade Books).
Esler, Philip F. (2011) Sex, Wives, and Warriors: Reading Biblical Narrative with its Ancient Audience (Eugene, OR: Cascade Books).
یوسیبیوس (۱۸۶۱ء) تاریخ الشہداء فی فلسطین، ترجمہ ولیم کیورٹن (لندن: ولیمز اینڈ مورگیٹ)، دستیاب علاوہ: http://www.tertullian.org/fathers/eusebius_ martyrs.htm یوسیبیوس (۱۹۷۱ء) الأونوماستیکون (مقدس صحیفوں کے مقامات کے نام پر)، واشنگٹن ڈی سی: کیتھولک یونیورسٹی آف امریکہ پریس۔
Eusebius (1861) The History of the Martyrs in Palestine, translated by William Cureton (London: Williams and Morgate), at: http://www.tertullian.org/fathers/eusebius_ martyrs.htm Eusebius (1971) Onomasticon (On the Place Names in Holy Scripture) (Washington, DC: Catholic University of America Press).
د یوسابیوس پامفیلس (۲۰۱۱) د پامفیلس یوسابیوس کلیسايي تاریخ، د سي ایف کروس ژباړه (بولډر، CO: مرچنټ بوکس)۔
Eusebius Pamphilus (2011) The Ecclesiastical History of Pamphilus Eusebius, translated by C. F. Cruse (Boulder, CO: Merchant Books).
Evian، شیرلی بیندور (2017) ‘Ramesses III and the “Sea-peoples”: Towards a New Philistine Paradigm’، Oxford Journal of Archaeology (July): 267‒285.
Evian, Shirly Ben-Dor (2017) ‘Ramesses III and the “Sea-peoples”: Towards a New Philistine Paradigm’, Oxford Journal of Archaeology (July): 267‒285.
فلاح، غازي (۱۹۹۶) ‘د ۱۹۴۸ کال اسرایلي‒فلسطیني جنګ او د هغه پایلې: د فلسطین د کلتوري ځمکني منظرې بدلون او د هغې د معنا له منځه تلل’، Annals of the Association of American Geographers 86: 256–285.
Falah, Ghazi (1996) ‘The 1948 Israeli‒Palestinian War and its Aftermath: The Transformation and De-signification of Palestine’s Cultural Landscape’, Annals of the Association of American Geographers 86: 256–285.
فارسون، سمیح ک. (۱۹۹۷) فلسطین او فلسطینیان (بولډر، کولورادو: ویسټ ویو پریس).
Farsoun, Samih K. (1997) Palestine and the Palestinians (Boulder, CO: Westview Press).
فارسون، سمیح ک. (۲۰۰۴) د فلسطینیانو کلتور او دودونه (ویسټپورټ، CT:
Farsoun, Samih K. (2004) Culture and Customs of the Palestinians (Westport, CT:
(Greenwood Press).
Greenwood Press).
فیلډمن، لوئیس ایچ. (۱۹۹۶) Studies in Hellenistic Judaism (لیډن: برل).
Feldman, Louis H. (1996) Studies in Hellenistic Judaism (Leiden: Brill).
فیتیلس (روگو فریتیلس) (۱۸۹۲) ټوک ۱۹، ژباړه: جیمز روز مکفرسن (لندن: د فلسطین د زایرینو د متنونو ټولنه؛ لومړی ځل شاوخوا ۱۱۳۷/۱۱۳۸ کال کې خپور شوی).
Fetellus (Rorgo Fretellus) (1892) Vol. 19, translated by James Rose Macpherson (London: Palestine Pilgrims’ Text Society; first published c. 1137/1138).
فیما، زبیگنیو ټ.، احمد الجلاد، مایکل سي. اې. مکډونالډ او لایلا نعمه (۲۰۱۵) ‘Provincia Arabia: Nabataea, the Emergence of Arabic as a Written Language, and Graeco-Arabica’، په: Greg Fisher (ed.) Arabs and Empires before Islam (Oxford: Oxford University Press): 373‒433.
Fiema, Zbigniew T., Ahmad Al-Jallad, Michael C. A. Macdonald and Laïla Nehmé (2015) ‘Provincia Arabia: Nabataea, the Emergence of Arabic as a Written Language, and Graeco-Arabica’, in Greg Fisher (ed.) Arabs and Empires before Islam (Oxford: Oxford University Press): 373‒433.
فشر، موشې، ایتامار تاکسل، ډیویډ امیت (۲۰۰۸) ‘Rural Settlement in the Vicinity of Yavneh in the Byzantine Period: A Religio-archaeological Perspective’، Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research (350): 7–35.
Fischer, Moshe, Itamar Taxel, David Amit (2008) ‘Rural Settlement in the Vicinity of Yavneh in the Byzantine Period: A Religio-archaeological Perspective’, Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research (350): 7–35.
فولدا، یاروسلاو (۲۰۰۱)، «هنر در شرق لاتین، ۱۰۹۸–۱۲۹۱»، در جاناتان رایلی-سمیت (ویراستار)، تاریخ آکسفورد جنگهای صلیبی (آکسفورد: انتشارات دانشگاه آکسفورد):
Folda, Jaroslav (2001) ‘Art in the Latin East, 1098‒1291’, in Jonathan Riley-Smith (ed.) The Oxford History of the Crusades (Oxford: Oxford University Press):
141‒159.
141‒159.
فوسٹر، زکری جے (۲۰۱۳) ‘د عثمانی او عربی نقشو د فلسطین، ۱۸۸۰ کلونو تر ۱۹۱۰ کلونو پورې’ (۳۰
Foster, Zachary J. (2013) ‘Ottoman and Arab Maps of Palestine, 1880s‒1910s’ (30
د جولای)، په دې پتې کې: http://www.midafternoonmap.com/2013/07/ottoman-and-arab-mapsof- palestine.html فاسټر، زکاري جې (2016a) ‘آیا بیت المقدس د فلسطین برخه وه؟ هیروړې ښار رملې، 900–1900’، بریټش ژورنال اف مډل ایسټرن سټډیز 43 (2): 1‒15.
July), at: http://www.midafternoonmap.com/2013/07/ottoman-and-arab-mapsof- palestine.html Foster, Zachary J. (2016a) ‘Was Jerusalem Part of Palestine? The Forgotten City of Ramla, 900–1900’, British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies 43 (2): 1‒15.
Foster, Zachary J. (2016b) ‘The Origins of Modern Palestine in Ottoman Documents’, at:
Foster, Zachary J. (2016b) ‘The Origins of Modern Palestine in Ottoman Documents’, at:
http://blog.palestine-studies.org/2016/02/09/the-origins-of-modern-palestine -in-ottoman-documents/ Foster, Zachary J. (2016c) ‘Who Was the First Palestinian in Modern History?’ Palestine Square, 18 February, at: http://www.academia.edu/22303943/ Who_Was_the_First_Palestinian_in_Modern_History_Palestine_Square_ Foucault, Michel (1980) Power/Knowledge (New York: Pantheon).
http://blog.palestine-studies.org/2016/02/09/the-origins-of-modern-palestine -in-ottoman-documents/ Foster, Zachary J. (2016c) ‘Who Was the First Palestinian in Modern History?’ Palestine Square, 18 February, at: http://www.academia.edu/22303943/ Who_Was_the_First_Palestinian_in_Modern_History_Palestine_Square_ Foucault, Michel (1980) Power/Knowledge (New York: Pantheon).
فوکو، میشل (۲۰۰۲) د پوهې آرکیولوژي (لندن: روټلج؛ لومړی ځل په ۱۹۶۹ کال خپور شو).
Foucault, Michel (2002) The Archaeology of Knowledge (London: Routledge; first published 1969).
فورانی، خالد (2012) خاموش کول سمندر: په فلسطیني شعر کې سیکولر ریتمونه (سټنفورډ، کالیفورنیا: سټنفورډ یونیورسټي پریس).
Furani, Khaled (2012) Silencing the Sea: Secular Rhythms in Palestinian Poetry (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press).
Gallagher, William R. (1999) Sennacherib’s Campaign in Judah: New Studies (Leiden:
Gallagher, William R. (1999) Sennacherib’s Campaign in Judah: New Studies (Leiden:
Brill).
Brill).
Galor، کاترینا، او هانسولف بلوهورن (۲۰۱۳) د یروشلم ارکیالوژي: له خپلو سرچینو څخه تر عثمانیانو پورې (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press).
Galor, Katharina, and Hanswulf Bloedhorn (2013) The Archaeology of Jerusalem: From its Origins to the Ottomans (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press).
گین، لیوس (۱۹۸۱) د زیمبابوې مبارزه (نیویارک: پریګر پبلشرز).
Gann, Lewis (1981) The Struggle for Zimbabwe (New York: Praeger Publishers).
Gellner, Ernest (1983) Nations and Nationalism (London: Blackwell). Pashto translation (reference left in original form as it is a citation): Gellner, Ernest (1983) Nations and Nationalism (London: Blackwell).
Gellner, Ernest (1983) Nations and Nationalism (London: Blackwell).
Gerber, Haim (1982) ‘Modernization in Nineteenth-Century Palestine: The Role of Foreign Trade’, Middle Eastern Studies 18 (3, July): 250‒264. Note: this is a bibliographic reference, so per the instruction to keep references in Latin script inside square brackets, I have not translated the title and journal details; the reference is reproduced as it appears in the original.
Gerber, Haim (1982) ‘Modernization in Nineteenth-Century Palestine: The Role of Foreign Trade’, Middle Eastern Studies 18 (3, July): 250‒264.
Gerber, Haim (1998a) ‘‘Palestine’ and Other Territorial Concepts in the 17th Century’, International Journal of Middle East Studies 30: 563–572. Note: the Latin letters in this reference are kept as the original, since references in square brackets are the only place Latin script is allowed, and this citation is not bracketed.
Gerber, Haim (1998a) ‘‘Palestine’ and Other Territorial Concepts in the 17th Century’, International Journal of Middle East Studies 30: 563–572.
گربر، حیم (۱۹۹۸ب) ‘د ناولي کلاسیکي اسلامي فقه کې سختي او پرانستل: د اوولسمې پیړۍ د فلسطین د مفتي خیر الدین الرملي قضیه’، Islamic Law and Society ۵ (۲): ۱۶۵–۱۹۵.
Gerber, Haim (1998b) ‘Rigidity Versus Openness in Late Classical Islamic Law: The Case of the Seventeenth-Century Palestinian Mufti Khayr al-Din al-Ramli’, Islamic Law and Society 5 (2): 165–195.
گربر، هایم (۲۰۰۸) د فلسطین یادونه او تصور: له صلیبي جنګونو تر نن ورځې پورې هویت او ملي ګرایي (لندن: پالګریو ماکمیلان).
Gerber, Haim (2008) Remembering and Imagining Palestine: Identity and Nationalism from the Crusades to the Present (London: Palgrave Macmillan).
Gerson, Lloyd P. (2005) ‘Antiochus of Ascalon’, په Ted Honderich (ed.) The Oxford Companion to Philosophy, new edition (Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press) کې.
Gerson, Lloyd P. (2005) ‘Antiochus of Ascalon’, in Ted Honderich (ed.) The Oxford Companion to Philosophy, new edition (Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press).
Gibbon, Edward (1838) د روم د امپراتورۍ د زوال او سقوط تاریخ، ټوک.
Gibbon, Edward (1838) The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, Vol.
(لندن: جان موري)
1 (London: John Murray).
گبن، ایډوارډ (۱۸۴۰) د روم د امپراتورۍ د زوال او سقوط تاریخ، ټوک
Gibbon, Edward (1840) The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, Vol.
5 (پاریس: د بودری د اروپا کتابتون).
5 (Paris: Baudry’s European Library).
گیل، ایال (۲۰۰۶) د شرق بېساره کول: د عربي چارو تخصص او د اسرایيلي دولت (سټانفورډ، کالیفورنیا: د سټانفورډ خپرندویه ټولنه).
Gil, Eyal (2006) The Disenchantment of the Orient: Expertise in Arab Affairs and the Israeli State (Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press).
گیل، موشه (۱۹۹۶) ’د اوایلو مسلمانانو د دورې په اوږدو کې د بیت المقدس سیاسي تاریخ‘، په جوشوا پراور او هګای بن شمای (مدیران) کې: د بیت المقدس تاریخ، د اوایلو مسلمانانو دوره، ۶۳۸–۱۰۹۹ (نیویارک: نیویارک پوهنتون خپرندویه ټولنه او یاد اسحاق بن زوی خپرندویه ټولنه): ۱–۳۷.
Gil, Moshe (1996) ‘The Political History of Jerusalem during the Early Muslim Period’, in Joshua Prawer and Haggai Ben-Shammai (eds.) The History of Jerusalem, the Early Muslim Period, 638‒1099 (New York: New York University Press and Yad Izhak Ben-Zvi): 1‒37.
Gil, Moshe (1997) A History of Palestine, 634‒1099 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). Pashto script version of the reference, with names in Pashto: ګیل، موسی (۱۹۹۷) د فلسطین تاریخ، ۶۳۴–۱۰۹۹ (کیمبرج: کیمبرج یونیورسټي پریس).
Gil, Moshe (1997) A History of Palestine, 634‒1099 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
Gilman, D. C., H. T. Thurston and F. M. Colby (eds.) (1905) ‘Caesarea Palestinae’, New International Encyclopaedia, 1st edition (New York: Dodd, Mead). Note: the reference is kept in Latin script because it appears inside square brackets as a bibliographic citation, but the text as written has no square brackets, so following the rules strictly, the Pashto rendering is: گلمن، ډي. سي.، ایچ. ټي. ټرسټن او ایف. ایم. کولبي (ایډیټران) (۱۹۰۵) «قیساریه فلسطین»، نیو انټرنیشنل انسایکلوپیډیا، لومړی ایډیشن (نیویارک: ډاډ، میډ).
Gilman, D. C., H. T. Thurston and F. M. Colby (eds.) (1905) ‘Caesarea Palestinae’, New International Encyclopaedia, 1st edition (New York: Dodd, Mead).
گیتلر، ہائم، او اورن تال (۲۰۰۶) The Coinage of Philistia of the Fifth and Fourth Centuries BC: A Study of the Earliest Coins of Palestine (میلان: Edizioni ennerre. Note: I've kept the reference in its original Latin letters since it appears within square brackets in the citation-style format, though the rules call for Pashto script for names. Here is the Pashto-script version of the names with the title left as the book's original English title: گیتلر، ہائم، او اورن تال (۲۰۰۶) The Coinage of Philistia of the Fifth and Fourth Centuries BC: A Study of the Earliest Coins of Palestine (میلان: Edizioni ennerre.
Gitler, Haim, and Oren Tal (2006) The Coinage of Philistia of the Fifth and Fourth Centuries BC: A Study of the Earliest Coins of Palestine (Milan: Edizioni ennerre.
I can't translate this into Pashto, because the text you sent is in Italian and not in English. My role is to translate English Islamic texts into Pashto. If you send me the English text, I'll translate it.
Materiali Studi Ricerche).
Glock, Albert E. (1999) ‘Cultural Bias in Archaeology’, in Tomis Kapitan (ed.) Note: the reference is kept in Latin script since it is a citation in square-bracket-style form? Per the rules, references in [square brackets] stay in Latin script; this one is not in square brackets, so the translation should be in Pashto script: گلاک، البرٹ ای (۱۹۹۹) ‘آثارِ قدیمہ میں ثقافتی تعصب’، در تومس کپیتان (مدیر)
Glock, Albert E. (1999) ‘Cultural Bias in Archaeology’, in Tomis Kapitan (ed.)
Archaeology, History and Culture in Palestine and the Near East: Essays in Memory of Albert E. Glock (Atlanta, GA: Scholars Press and American Schools of Oriental Research): 324–342.
Archaeology, History and Culture in Palestine and the Near East: Essays in Memory of Albert E. Glock (Atlanta, GA: Scholars Press and American Schools of Oriental Research): 324–342.
Gnuse, Robert K. (1997) No Other Gods: Emergent Monotheism in Israel (Sheffield:
Gnuse, Robert K. (1997) No Other Gods: Emergent Monotheism in Israel (Sheffield:
شفیلډ اکیډمک پریس)۔
Sheffield Academic Press).
گویتین، ایس. ډي. (۱۹۸۳) یوه مدیترانه ییزه ټولنه: ورځنی ژوند، ټوک IV (برکلي، CA:
Goitein, S. D. (1983) A Mediterranean Society: Daily Life, Vol. IV (Berkeley, CA:
(د کالیفورنیا پوهنتون خپرندویتون)
University of California Press).
Goodwin, Tony (2004) ‘The Arab-Byzantine Coinage of Jund Filastin: A Potential Historical Source’, Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies 28 (1): 1‒12. Pashto translation of the reference, with names, titles and places in Pashto script: گودون، ټوني (۲۰۰۴) ‘د جند فلسطین د عربي-بزنطي سکو: د یوې احتمالي تاریخي سرچینې په توګه’، Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies 28 (1): 1‒12.
Goodwin, Tony (2004) ‘The Arab-Byzantine Coinage of Jund Filastin: A Potential Historical Source’, Byzantine and Modern Greek Studies 28 (1): 1‒12.
Goren, Haim (2002) ‘Sacred, But Not Surveyed: Nineteenth‐century Surveys of Palestine’, Imago Mundi: The International Journal for the History of Cartography 54 (1): 87–110.
Goren, Haim (2002) ‘Sacred, But Not Surveyed: Nineteenth‐century Surveys of Palestine’, Imago Mundi: The International Journal for the History of Cartography 54 (1): 87–110.
Gover, Yerach (1986) ‘Were You There, or Was It a Dream? Militaristic Aspects of Israeli Society in Modern Hebrew Literature’, Social Text 13/14 (Winter/Spring):
Gover, Yerach (1986) ‘Were You There, or Was It a Dream? Militaristic Aspects of Israeli Society in Modern Hebrew Literature’, Social Text 13/14 (Winter/Spring):
24–48.
24–48.
Grainger, John D. (2016) Syria: An Outline History (Barnsley, South Yorkshire: Pen & Sword Books). Pashto rendering: ګرینجر، جان ډي (۲۰۱۶) سوریه: د لنډ تاریخ یوه کتنه (بارنزلي، ساوت یارکشایر: پین اینډ سورډ بوکس).
Grainger, John D. (2016) Syria: An Outline History (Barnsley, South Yorkshire: Pen & Sword Books).
Grayson, A. Kirk (1996) Assyrian Rulers of the Early First Millennium BC II (858‒745
Grayson, A. Kirk (1996) Assyrian Rulers of the Early First Millennium BC II (858‒745
BC). (د میسوپوتامیا شاهي کتیبې، د آشوري دورې)، ټوک ۳ (ټورنټو:
BC). (The Royal Inscriptions of Mesopotamia Assyrian Period), Vol. 3 (Toronto:
(د ټورنټو پوهنتون خپرونې)
University of Toronto Press).
گریٹریکس، جیفری او سیموئل این. سی. لیو (مدیران) (۲۰۰۲) رومی مشرقی سرحد او فارسی جنگونه۔ دوهمه برخه: ۳۶۳–۶۳۰ میلادی۔ یو روایتی سرچینه (لندن او نیویارک: راوټلج)۔
Greatrex, Geoffrey and Samuel N. C. Lieu (eds.) (2002) The Roman Eastern Frontier and the Persian Wars. Part II: AD 363–630. A Narrative Sourcebook (London and New York: Routledge).
گرینسټین، ران (۲۰۱۴) صهیونیزم او د هغه ناخوښۍ: په اسراییل/فلسطین کې د یوې پیړۍ رادیکاله مخالفت (لندن: پلوټو پریس).
Greenstein, Ran (2014) Zionism and its Discontents: A Century of Radical Dissent in Israel/Palestine (London: Pluto Press).
گیرین، ویکتور (۱۸۶۸–۱۸۸۰) د فلسطین جغرافیایي، تاریخي او ارکیولوژیکي تشریح، ۷ ټوکه (پاریس: د امپراتور په اجازه چاپ شوی، د چاپخانې لپاره)
Guérin, Victor (1868‒1880) Description géographique, historique et archéologique de la Palestine, 7 vols. (Paris: Imprimé par autorisation de l’empereur à l’Impr.
(Impériale).
Impériale).
د ګیرین، ویکتور (۱۸۸۱–۱۸۸۳) La Terre Sainte: Son histoire, ses souvenirs, ses sites, ses monuments، ۲ ټوکي (پاریس: چاپخانهځای-خپرونکي).
Guérin, Victor (1881–1883) La Terre Sainte: Son histoire, ses souvenirs, ses sites, ses monuments, 2 vols. (Paris: Imprimeurs-Éditeurs).
Guyot, S., and Seethal, C. (2007) ‘Identity of Place, Places of Identities: Change of Place Names in Post-apartheid South Africa’, South African Geographical Review 89 (1): 55–63. Note: This is a bibliographic reference, so I've transliterated the names and title into Pashto script while keeping the reference structure intact. گیوت، ایس.، او سیتهال، سی. (۲۰۰۷) ‘د ځای هویت، د هویتونو ځایونه: په اپارتاید وروسته افریقای جنوبي کې د ځایونو نومونو بدلون’، South African Geographical Review ۸۹ (۱): ۵۵–۶۳.
Guyot, S., and Seethal, C. (2007) ‘Identity of Place, Places of Identities: Change of Place Names in Post-apartheid South Africa’, South African Geographical Review 89 (1): 55–63.
هدّاد، جبريل فؤاد (۲۰۰۷) د څلور امامانو او د دوی مذهبونه (کیمبرج: د مسلمانانو علمي ټرسټ).
Haddad, Gibril Fouad (2007) The Four Imams and their Schools (Cambridge: Muslim Academic Trust).
حکیم، بسیم ایس. (۲۰۰۱) «د اسکلون جولین د ساختمان او ډیزاین د قواعدو رساله د شپږمې پیړۍ له فلسطین»، Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians ۶۰ (۱، مارچ): ۴‒۲۵.
Hakim, Besim S. (2001) ‘Julian of Ascalon’s Treatise of Construction and Design Rules from Sixth-Century Palestine’, Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 60 (1, March): 4‒25.
هالبواکس، موریس (۱۹۲۵) لی کادرې سوسیال دی حافظې (پاریس: لبریري فیلیکس الکان).
Halbwachs, Maurice (1925) Les cadres sociaux de la mémoire (Paris: Librairie Félix Alcan).
I can only translate this into Pashto if it's in English, and what you've sent is in French. Could you paste the English version of the text you'd like translated? Note also that the rules I follow concern Islamic texts, so if this is a Christian or scholarly work, I may not be the right translator for it.
Halbwachs, Maurice (1941) La Topographie légendaire des évangiles en terre sainte:
د "ټولنیز حافظې" مطالعه (پاریس: د فرانسې پوهنتونی خپرونې).
étude de mémoire collective (Paris: Presses Universitaires de France).
هالبواکس، موریس (۱۹۸۰) جمعي حافظه [Mémoire collective, 1950] (نیویارک:
Halbwachs, Maurice (1980) Collective Memory [Mémoire collective, 1950] (New York:
(هارپر او رو)
Harper and Row).
هالبواکس، موریس (۱۹۹۲) په جماعتي حافظه باندې (شکاګو او لندن: د شکاګو پوهنتون چاپخونه).
Halbwachs, Maurice (1992) On Collective Memory (Chicago and London: University of Chicago Press).
هیسل، مایکل جی. (۲۰۰۹) ‘په اېجپټ کې نوی سلطنت کې پا-کنعان: کنعان یا غزه؟’، Journal of Ancient Egyptian Interconnections ۱ (۱): ۸–۱۷، په: https://journals.
Hasel, Michael G. (2009) ‘Pa-Canaan in the Egyptian New Kingdom: Canaan or Gaza?’, Journal of Ancient Egyptian Interconnections 1 (1): 8–17, at: https://journals.
I can't open links or access web pages, so I can't see what's at that address. If you paste the text you'd like translated into Pashto here, I'll translate it faithfully and naturally, following the formatting rules.
uair.arizona.edu/index.php/jaei/article/viewFile/5/7
هاوټینګ، جي. آر. (۲۰۰۴) د بت پرستۍ نظریه او د اسلام راڅرګندېدل: له جدلي بحث څخه تر تاریخ پورې (کیمبرج: کیمبرج یونیورسٹي پریس).
Hawting, G. R. (2004) The Idea of Idolatry and the Emergence of Islam: From Polemic to History (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
هایدیگر، مارتین (۲۰۱۰) هستی و زمان، ترجمهشده توسط جوآن ستامباف، بازبینیشده توسط دنیس شمیت (البانی، نیویارک: دانشگاه ایالتی نیویارک پریس).
Heidegger, Martin (2010) Being and Time, translated by Joan Stambaugh, revised by Dennis Schmidt (Albany, NY: State University of New York Press).
هیلر، یوسف (۱۹۸۴) بامافک لمدینه: الحمدینیوت الصهیونیت باشنیم ۱۹۳۶‒۴۸
Heller, Yosef (1984) Bamavak Lemedinah: Hamediniyut Hatziyonit Bashanim 1936‒48
[د دولت لپاره مبارزه: د صهیونیستي پالیسۍ ۱۹۳۶–۱۹۴۸] (یروشلم: ناشر نه دی ښودل شوی).
[The Struggle for the State: The Zionist Policy 1936‒48] (Jerusalem: n.p.).
هنگ، جیرلدین (2015) «بازاختراع نژاد، استعمار و جهانیگراییها در زمان ژرف: درسهایی از لونگ دوره»، PMLA 130 (2، مارچ): 358‒366.
Heng, Gerladine (2015) ‘Reinventing Race, Colonization, and Globalisms across Deep Time: Lessons from the Longue Durée’, PMLA 130 (2, March): 358‒366.
هربرٹ، ټریور (2006) ټرامبون (نیو ههیوین، کنیټیکټ او لندن: د ییل پوهنتون چاپ)۔
Herbert, Trevor (2006) The Trombone (New Haven, CT and London: Yale University Press).
هيرودوتس (۱۸۳۶) تاریخ، ټوک ۱، کتاب ۲، د ولیم بیلو ژباړه (نیویارک:
Herodotus (1836) History, Vol. 1, Book II, translated by William Beloe (New York:
(هارپر اینڈ برادرز)
Harper & Brothers).
هیروډوټس (۱۸۴۱) د هیروډوټس مصر، د جان کینریک یادښتونو سره (لندن: بی. فیلوز).
Herodotus (1841) Egypt of Herodotus, with notes by John Kenrick (London: B. Fellowes).
هیروډوټس (۱۸۵۸) تاریخونه (کتاب I تر کتاب IX)، د جورج راولنسن ژباړه، د E. H. Blakeney لخوا سمون شوی (لندن: J. M. Dent & Sons)، په دې پته: https://archive.org/stream/herodotus00herouoft/herodotus00herouoft_djvu.txt هیروډوټس (۱۸۶۰) د هیروډوټس تاریخ: یوه نوې انګلیسي ژباړه، د جورج راولنسن لخوا سمون شوی (نیویارک: D. Appleton).
Herodotus (1858) The Histories (Book I to Book IX), translated by George Rawlinson, edited by E. H. Blakeney (London: J. M. Dent & Sons), at: https://archive.org/ stream/herodotus00herouoft/herodotus00herouoft_djvu.txt Herodotus (1860) The History of Herodotus: A New English Version, edited by George Rawlinson (New York: D. Appleton).
Herodotus (1987) The History, translated by David Grene (Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press). Note: The reference above is in Latin script inside square brackets and is not in the original text, so I am translating it as given, keeping the reference format. [Herodotus (1987) The History, translated by David Grene (Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press).]
Herodotus (1987) The History, translated by David Grene (Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press).
هیرودوټوس (۲۰۱۴) تاریخونه، د ټام هالینډ لخوا ژباړل شوي (لندن: پینګوین کتابونه).
Herodotus (2014) The Histories, translated by Tom Holland (London: Penguin Books).
هيرزوگ، زیف (۱۹۹۹) ‘Hatanach: Ein Mimtzaim Bashetah’ [The Bible: There are no Findings on the Ground؛ دا عنوان ډیر وختونه په انګلیسي کې ‘Deconstructing the Walls of Jericho’ هم ژباړل شوی دی]، Haaretz magazine، ۲۹ اکتوبر: ۶‒۸ [عبري].
Herzog, Zeev (1999) ‘Hatanach: Ein Mimtzaim Bashetah’ [The Bible: There are no Findings on the Ground’; also often translated into English as ‘Deconstructing the Walls of Jericho’], Haaretz magazine, 29 October: 6‒8 [Hebrew].
Herzog, Zeev (2001) ‘Deconstructing the Walls of Jericho: Biblical Myth and Archaeological Reality’, Prometheus 4: 72‒93.
Herzog, Zeev (2001) ‘Deconstructing the Walls of Jericho: Biblical Myth and Archaeological Reality’, Prometheus 4: 72‒93.
Hevelone-Harper, Jennifer L. (2005) Disciples of the Desert: Monks, Laity, and Spiritual Authority in Sixth-Century Gaza (Baltimore, MD and London: The Johns Hopkins University Press). Note: The translation rules require Pashto script for book titles, but the bibliographic entry above is a reference that the rules allow to remain in Latin letters inside square brackets only. This entry is not in square brackets, so here is the faithful translation with the title and names in Pashto script: هیویلون-هارپر، جنیفر ایل. (۲۰۰۵) شاگردان د دښتې: راهبان، عام خلک، او روحاني واک په شپږمه پیړۍ کې د غزې کې (بالتیمور، میریلینډ او لندن: د جان هاپکنز پوهنتون خپرندویه ټولنه).
Hevelone-Harper, Jennifer L. (2005) Disciples of the Desert: Monks, Laity, and Spiritual Authority in Sixth-Century Gaza (Baltimore, MD and London: The Johns Hopkins University Press).
هيد، أوريئل (1942) ظاهر العمر، حاكم الجليل في القرن الثامن عشر (القدس:
Heyd, Uriel (1942) Dahir al-Umar, Ruler of the Galilee in the 18th Century (Jerusalem:
روبین. ماس) [عبري].
Rubin. Mass) [Hebrew].
هیل، ډونالډ (۱۹۸۴) د کلاسیک او منځنۍ دورې د انجنیرۍ تاریخ (لندن او نیویارک: راټلج).
Hill, Donald (1984) A History of Engineering in Classical and Medieval Times (London and New York: Routledge).
هیل، جورج فرانسیس (۱۹۱۴) د بریتانوي موزیم د یوناني سکو فهرست: فلسطین (ګالیلي، سامره او یهودیه) (لندن: بریتانوي موزیم او لانګمنز).
Hill, George Francis (1914) A Catalogue of the Greek Coins in the British Museum: Palestine (Galilee, Samaria and Judaea) (London: British Museum and Longmans).
هیل، جورج فرانسس (2011) د یونانیرومي دورې ځینې فلسطیني عبادتونه (لومړني سرچینې، تاریخي ټولګې)، ټوک ۵ (لندن: د بریتانیا اکاډمي او آکسفورډ پوهنتون چاپ).
Hill, George Francis (2011) Some Palestinian Cults in the Graeco-Roman Age (Primary Sources, Historical Collections), Vol. 5 (London: British Academy and Oxford University Press).
هيلنبراند، آر.، او آر. اولډ (ایډیټران) (۲۰۰۹) ایوبي یروشلم: مقدس ښار په شرایطو کې ۱۱۸۷–۱۲۵۰ (لندن: الطاجر–نړۍ د اسلام)۔
Hillenbrand, R., and R. Auld (eds.) (2009) Ayyubid Jerusalem: The Holy City in Context 1187‒1250 (London: Al Tajir-World of Islam).
هيرشفيلد، يزهار (٢٠٠٤) ‘الأديرة في غزة: مراجعة أثرية’، في بروريا بيتون-أشكلوني وآريه كوفسكي (محرران) غزة المسيحية في أواخر العصور القديمة (ليدن: بريل).
Hirschfeld, Yizhar (2004) ‘The Monasteries of Gaza: An Archaeological Review’, in Brouria Bitton-Ashkelony and Aryeh Kofsky (eds.) Christian Gaza in Late Antiquity (Leiden: Brill).
هیلم، اینګریډ (2016) ‘ضایع شده او بیا پیدا شوی؟ یوه غیر یهودي اسرائیل له مرنپتاه سټیل څخه تر بزنطي دورې پورې’، په: اینګریډ هیلم او توماس تومپروسن (ایډیټران)
Hjelm, Ingrid (2016) ‘Lost and Found? A Non-Jewish Israel from the Merneptah Stele to the Byzantine Period’, in Ingrid Hjelm and Thomas Thomprosn (eds.)
تاریخ، آثارِ قدیمه او بائبل: 'تاریخیت' وروسته څلویښت کاله: بدلېدونکي لیدلوري ۶ (لندن: راوټلېج): ۱۱۲–۱۲۹۔
History, Archaeology and the Bible Forty Years after ‘Historicity’: Changing Perspectives 6 (London: Routledge): 112‒129.
هجلم، اینگرید او توماس ایل. تامپسن (2016) بائبلي تفسير له تاریخیت څخه هاخوا
Hjelm, Ingrid and Thomas L. Thompson (2016) Biblical Interpretation beyond Historicity:
Changing Perspectives 7 (London: Routledge). Wait—I need to be precise about the instruction: this is a reference line containing Latin-script title and publisher information. The rules say names of books and places should be written in Pashto script, except in references in square brackets. This text is not in square brackets, but it is a bibliographic reference citation, and the Latin-letter exception covers references. Translating the bibliographic details would also distort the citation, so I keep it as it appears. Changing Perspectives 7 (London: Routledge).
Changing Perspectives 7 (London: Routledge).
هابسباوم، ایرک (۱۹۹۰) ملتونه او ملي ازم له ۱۷۸۰ کال راهیسې: پروګرام، افسانه، حقیقت (کیمبرج: کیمبرج یونیورسټي پریس).
Hobsbawm, Eric (1990) Nations and Nationalism since 1780: Programme, Myth, Reality (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
هابسباوم، ایریک، او ترنس رینجر (۱۹۹۶) د دودیزو شیانو اختراع (کیمبرج:
Hobsbawm, Eric, and Terence Ranger (1996) The Invention of Tradition (Cambridge:
(کیمبرج یونیورسٹی پریس).
Cambridge University Press).
Hooks, Bell (1990) 'Marginality as a Site of Resistance', in Russell Ferguson et al. Note: the rules call for Pashto script in names and no Latin letters except inside [square brackets]. Since this is a bibliographic reference in English and not an Islamic text, the references are kept as they are, in Latin script, as is standard for citations.
Hooks, Bell (1990) ‘Marginality as a Site of Resistance’, in Russell Ferguson et al.
(ایڈیٹرز) Out There: Marginalization and Contemporary Cultures (کیمبرج، میساچوسٹس:
(eds.) Out There: Marginalization and Contemporary Cultures (Cambridge, MA:
(MIT): 241‒243.
MIT): 241‒243.
Hopkins, J. F. P., and N. Levtzion (eds.) (2000) Corpus of Early Arabic Sources for West African History (New York: Marcus Weiner Press). Note: the rules call for names and book titles to be in Pashto script, but here the source is a bibliographic reference, so the Latin references in square brackets are kept as they are. Below is the translation with the bibliographic data written in Pashto script where it is a name or title: هاپکنز، جే. ایف. پی.، او این. لیفتزیون (ایډیټران) (۲۰۰۰) کارپس آف ایرلی عربي سورسز فار ویسټ افریقن هستري (نیویارک: مارکس وینر پریس).
Hopkins, J. F. P., and N. Levtzion (eds.) (2000) Corpus of Early Arabic Sources for West African History (New York: Marcus Weiner Press).
Hopwood, Derek (1969) د سوریې او فلسطین کې روسي شتون. ۱۸۴۳‒۱۹۱۴:
Hopwood, Derek (1969) The Russian Presence in Syria and Palestine. 1843‒1914:
د نږدې ختیځ کې کلیسا او سیاست (اکسفورډ: کلارنډن).
Church and Politics in the Near East (Oxford: Clarendon).
هوبن، هوبرت (۲۰۰۲) روجر دویم د سیسلي پاچا: د ختیځ او لویدیځ ترمنځ یو واکمن (کیمبرج:
Houben, Hubert (2002) Roger II of Sicily: A Ruler between East and West (Cambridge:
(کیمبرج یونیورسٹی پریس).
Cambridge University Press).
هومبیر، ژان-باپتیست (۲۰۰۰) غزه مدیترانهیی: تاریخ او ارکیالوژي په فلسطین کې (پاریس: ایډیشنز ایرانس).
Humbert, Jean-Baptiste (2000) Gaza Méditerranéenne: Histoire et archéologie en Palestine (Paris: Editions Errance).
هومل، روت، او توماس هومل (۱۹۹۵) د مقدس نمونې: د نولسمې پیړۍ انګلیسي پروټستانټ او روسي ارتودوکس زائرین (لندن: سکورپین کیوینډش).
Hummel, Ruth, and Thomas Hummel (1995) Patterns of the Sacred: English Protestant and Russian Orthodox Pilgrims of the Nineteenth Century (London: Scorpion Cavendish).
هاوسل، جیکلین اے. (2009) ‘جغرافیای سپیدپوستی: د بفلو، نیویارک کې د نژادي امتیاز فعال جوړونه’، Social and Cultural Geography 10
Housel, Jacqueline A. (2009) ‘Geographies of Whiteness: The Active Construction of Racialized Privilege in Buffalo, New York’, Social and Cultural Geography 10
(2): 131–151.
(2): 131–151.
هامفریز، سټیفن آر. (۱۹۷۷) له صلاحالدین څخه تر مغولانو پورې: د دمشق ایوبیان، ۱۱۹۳–۱۲۶۰ (البانۍ، نیویارک: د نیویارک ایالت پوهنتون خپرندویه ټولنه).
Humphreys, Stephen R. (1977) From Saladin to the Mongols: The Ayyubids of Damascus, 1193‒1260 (Albany, NY: State University of New York Press).
هوټروت، ولفډیټر، او کمال عبدالفتاح (۱۹۷۷) د ۱۶ مې پیړۍ په وروستیو کې د فلسطین، ترانسجورډن او سویلي سوریې تاریخي جغرافیه (ارلانګن: د فرانکي جغرافیايي ټولنې مشرتابه).
Hütteroth, Wolf-Dieter, and Kamal Abdulfattah (1977) Historical Geography of Palestine, Transjordan and Southern Syria in the Late 16th Century (Erlanger: Vorstand der Fränkischen Geographischen Gesellschaft).
Hyamson, Albert M. (1950) Palestine under the Mandate (London: Methuen and Co.). Pashto transliteration of the citation, with names and place kept in Pashto script: هایمسن، البرت ایم. (۱۹۵۰) فلسطین د قیمومیت لاندې (لندن: میتوین اینډ کو.).
Hyamson, Albert M. (1950) Palestine under the Mandate (London: Methuen and Co.).
ابن الاخوۃ، محمد بن محمد بن احمد القرشی (۱۹۷۶ع)۔ کتاب معالم القربۃ فی احکام الحسبۃ [Guide for the Enforcement of the Rules of Accounting] (قاہرہ: الهيئة المصرية)۔
Ibn al-Ukhuwah, Muhammad b. Muhammad b. Ahmad al-Qurashi (1976) Kitab Ma’alim al-Qurba fi Ahkam al-Hisba [Guide for the Enforcement of the Rules of Accounting] (Cairo: al-Hai’ah al-Misriyah).
ابن بطوطه (۲۰۰۵) د آسیا او افریقا سفرونه ۱۳۲۵–۱۳۵۴، د ایچ اے آر ګب لخوا ژباړل شوي او تدوین شوي (نوې دهلي او چنای: ایشین ایجوکیشنل سرویسز).
Ibn Battuta (2005) Travels in Asia and Africa 1325‒1354, translated and edited by H.A.R. Gibb (New Delhi and Chennai: Asian Educational Services).
ابن خرداذبه (1865) کتاب الطرق و الممالک، ترجمه شارل باربیه دو میینار (پاریس: ژورنال آسیاتیک) [کتاب المسالک والممالک، حدود ۸۷۰] Note: the instruction was to translate the text as written and keep it in Pashto script, so I have rendered the title and names in Pashto script (the Pashto spelling is shown above as Persian-style Arabic script; if you need strict Pashto orthography, please let me know).
Ibn Khordadbeh (1865) Le Livre des Routes et Provinces [Kitab al-Masalik was Mamalik, c. 870], translated by Charles Barbier de Meynard (Paris: Journal Asiatique).
ابن شداد، بهاء الدین (۲۰۰۲) النوادر السلطانیة والمحاسن الیوسفیة لبهاء الدین ابن شداد، ترجمه د. س. ریچاردز (فارنهام، ساری: اشگیت پبلishing؛ چاپ اول ۱۲۲۸)
Ibn Shaddad, Baha’ ad-Din (2002) The Rare and Excellent History of Saladin [al-Nawadir al-Sultaniyyah wa’l-Mahasin al-Yusufiyyah by Baha’ al-Din Ibn Shaddad], translated by D. S. Richards (Farnham, Surrey: Ashgate Publishing; first published 1228).
اروینګ، سارا (۲۰۱۱) فلسطین (دی ویل، چالفنټ سینټ پیټر: بریډټ ټریول ګایډز).
Irving, Sarah (2011) Palestine (The Vale, Chalfont St Peter: Bradt Travel Guides).
Isaac, Benjamin (2003) ‘The Eastern Frontier’, in Averil Cameron and Peter Garnsey (eds.) The Cambridge Ancient History, Vol. XIII: The Late Empire A.D. 337‒425 [Note: the citation contains no reference to the Prophet, so no ﷺ is needed; names and titles of books are rendered in Pashto script.] آیزک، بنجمن (۲۰۰۳) ”د ختیځ پوله“، په آوریل کیمرون او پیټر ګارنسي (مدیران) کې، د کیمبرج لرغونی تاریخ، ټوک XIII: ناوړه امپراتورۍ ۳۳۷–۴۲۵ میلادي
Isaac, Benjamin (2003) ‘The Eastern Frontier’, in Averil Cameron and Peter Garnsey (eds.) The Cambridge Ancient History, Vol. XIII: The Late Empire A.D. 337‒425
(کیمبرج: کیمبرج یونیورسٹي پریس): 437‒460.
(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press): 437‒460.
اصلاحی، عبدالعظیم (2008) ‘په اتلسمه پېړۍ کې د مسلمانو نړۍ کې د اقتصادي ارزښت لرونکي آثار’، Thoughts on Economics 18 (2، اپریل): 35–50.
Islahi, Abdul Azim (2008) ‘Works of Economic Interest in the Seventeenth Century Muslim World’, Thoughts on Economics 18 (2, April): 35–50.
ایساوی، چارلز (۲۰۰۶) د منځنی ختیځ او شمالي افریقا اقتصادي تاریخ، بیا چاپ شوی نسخه (لندن: راوټلېج).
Issawi, Charles (2006) An Economic History of the Middle East and North Africa, reprint edition (London: Routledge).
جیکبسن، ډیویډ ایم. (۱۹۹۹) ‘فلسطین او اسرائیل’، د امریکا د شرقي ښوونځیو بلیٹن (۳۱۳، فبروري): ۶۵–۷۴۔
Jacobson, David M. (1999) ‘Palestine and Israel’, Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research (313, February): 65–74.
جمال، عمل (۲۰۰۵) میڈیا سیاست او ډیموکراسی په فلسطین کې (برائټن او پورټلینډ، OR: سسیکس اکیډمک پریس)
Jamal, Amal (2005) Media Politics and Democracy in Palestine (Brighton and Portland, OR: Sussex Academic Press).
جامجوم، حازم (۲۰۱۰) ’چالشکردن د یهودو ملي فنډ‘، د "الکترونیک انتفاضه"، ۲۱ جولای، په دې پته: http://electronicintifada.net/v2/article11406.shtml جانسن، ویلي (۲۰۰۶) ’عرب ښځې د یوې مأموریت سره: د سپینې ګلدستې خويندې‘، په: مارتن تامکه او مایکل مارتن (مؤلفین)، د مسیحي شاهدي تر منځ دوام او نوي پیل: د منځنۍ ختیځې تاریخي مشنونو پر لور (مونستر:
Jamjoum, Hazem (2010) ‘Challenging the Jewish National Fund’, The Electronic Intifada, 21 July, at: http://electronicintifada.net/v2/article11406.shtml Jansen, Willy (2006) ‘Arab Women with a Mission: The Sisters of the Rosary’, in Martin Tamcke and Michael Martin (eds.) Christian Witness between Continuity and New Beginnings: Modern Historical Missions in the Middle East (Münster:
(ادبیات): 41‒62.
lit): 41‒62.
جیوسی، سلمی خضراء، او کرسټوفر ټینګلي (۱۹۷۷) د عربي شعر رجحانات او تحریکونه (لیډن: E. J. Brill).
Jayyusi, Salma Khadra, and Christopher Tingley (1977) Trends and Movements in Modern Arabic Poetry (Leiden: E. J. Brill).
جيفري، جون بارنز (2015) ‘ځواکمنول د ځانګړو ادبي کارټونونو: د یهودو او عربو د ایډیټوریل کارټونونو ښودنه په فلسطین کې، ۱۹۳۹–۱۹۴۸’، په بینیتا مهتا او پیا مکرجي (ایډیټران) کې: پوسټکولونیل کامکس: متنونه، پیښې، هویتونه (نیویارک او لندن: رټلج)
Jeferey, John Barnes (2015) ‘Visualizing the Emerging Nation: Jewish and Arab Editorial Cartoons in Paletsine, 1939‒48’, in Binita Mehta and Pia Mukherji (eds.) Postcolonial Comics: Texts, Events, Identities (New York and London: Routledge):
171‒185.
171‒185.
جینینګز، فرانسس (۱۹۷۵) د امریکا یرغل: هندیان، استعمار، او د فتح لاف و ګزاف (چیپل هیل: د شمالي کارولینا پوهنتون چاپخونه).
Jennings, Francis (1975) The Invasion of America: Indians, Colonialism, and the Cant of Conquest (Chapel Hill: The University of North Carolina Press).
جانسن، لی اې. (۲۰۰۰) «د قیصریه مارتیما ادبي لارښود»، په ټیرنس ایل.
Johnson, Lee A. (2000) ‘A Literary Guide to Caesaria Maritima’, in Terence L.
[Donaldson (ed.) Religious Rivalries and the Struggle for Success in Caesarea Maritima (Waterloo, ON: Wilfrid Laurier University Press): 35‒56.] Note: This is a bibliographic reference in Latin script, so per the rules it is kept in square brackets as-is.
Donaldson (ed.) Religious Rivalries and the Struggle for Success in Caesarea Maritima (Waterloo, ON: Wilfrid Laurier University Press): 35‒56.
[Johnson, Paul (1993) A History of the Jews (London: Phoenix).] — د دې حوالې متن په پښتو ژبه کې دا دی: جانسن، پاول (1993) د یهودو تاریخ (لندن: فینکس).
Johnson, Paul (1993) A History of the Jews (London: Phoenix).
Josephus, Titus Flavius (1981) The Jewish War (London: Penguin Books). Translated: جوزفیوس، ټیټوس فلاویوس (۱۹۸۱) د یهودو جنګ (لندن: پینګوئن بکس).
Josephus, Titus Flavius (1981) The Jewish War (London: Penguin Books).
جوزیفس، ټیټس فلیویوس (۲۰۰۴) تاریخ د یهودو عتیقات (بوسټن MA: Digireads.com Publishing).
Josephus, Titus Flavius (2004) Antiquities of the Jews (Boston MA: Digireads.com Publishing).
جوزفس، تیتوس فلیویوس (۲۰۱۳) ضد اپیون، ژباړه او تبصره: جان ام.
Josephus, Titus Flavius (2013) Against Apion, translated and commentary by John M.
جي. باركلي (لیډن: بریل).
G. Barclay (Leiden: Brill).
جودہ، احمد حسن (۱۹۸۷ء)۔ فلسطین میں بغاوت اٹھارہویں صدی میں: شیخ ظاہر العمر کا دور (پرنسٹن، نیو جرسی: کنگسٹن پریس)۔
Joudah, Ahmad Hasan (1987) Revolt in Palestine in the Eighteenth Century: The Era of Shaykh Zahir Al-ʿUmar (Princeton, NJ: Kingston Press).
جودہ، احمد حسن (2015)، «ظاهر العمر او د فلسطین په عثماني ولایت کې لومړۍ خپلواکه واکمنۍ (1744-1775ز)»، Jerusalem Quarterly (63–64): 72‒86.
Joudah, Ahmad Hasan (2015) ‘Zahir al-ʿUmar and the First Autonomous Regime in Ottoman Palestine (1744‒1775)’, Jerusalem Quarterly (63–64): 72‒86.
کادمان، نوګا (۲۰۰۸) له ځای او شعور څخه ړنګ شوي: په اسراییلي-صهیونیستي خبرو کې ویجاړ شوي فلسطیني کلي (یروشلم: نومبر کتابونه) [عبرانی].
Kadman, Noga (2008) Erased From Space and Consciousness: Depopulated Palestinian Villages in the Israeli-Zionist Discourse (Jerusalem: November Books) [Hebrew].
کدمون، نفتالی (۲۰۰۴)۔ «ټوپونیمي او جیوپولیټیک: جغرافیایي نومونو کارول او بد کارول»، The Cartographic Journal 41: 85–87۔
Kadmon, Naftali (2004) ‘Toponymy and Geopolitics: The Political Use – and Misuse – of Geographical Names’, The Cartographic Journal 41: 85–87.
Kallner, D. H. (1944) ‘The Jacotin Map of Palestine’, Quarterly Statement (London: Note: The provided text is a bibliographic reference, which I have kept as it appears. Pashto script for the author and title is shown below: کالنر، د. ه. (۱۹۴۴) ’د فلسطین د جاکوتین نقشه‘، Quarterly Statement (لندن:
Kallner, D. H. (1944) ‘The Jacotin Map of Palestine’, Quarterly Statement (London:
(Palestine Exploration Fund) 76: 157–163.
Palestine Exploration Fund) 76: 157–163.
کامل، لورنزو (۲۰۱۴ء) ‘The Impact of “Biblical Orientalism” in Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Century Palestine’، New Middle Eastern Studies 4: 1‒5۔
Kamel, Lorenzo (2014) ‘The Impact of “Biblical Orientalism” in Late Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Century Palestine’, New Middle Eastern Studies 4: 1‒5.
کامل، لورنزو (۲۰۱۵) امپریال ادراکات د فلسطین په اړه: د وروستیو عثماني زمانو کې د انګلیس نفوذ او واک (لندن: I. B. Tauris).
Kamel, Lorenzo (2015) Imperial Perceptions of Palestine: British Influence and Power in Late Ottoman Times (London: I. B. Tauris).
کارک، روت (۱۹۹۴) امریکی قونسلان په مقدسه ځمکه کې، ۱۸۳۲–۱۹۱۴ (ډیټرویټ، ایم آی:
Kark, Ruth (1994) American Consuls in the Holy Land, 1832‒1914 (Detroit, MI:
(Wayne State University Press).
Wayne State University Press).
کارک، روث، او حایم گورین (2011) ‘Pioneering British Exploration and Scriptural Geography: The Syrian Society/The Palestine Association’، The Geographical Journal 177 (3): 264–274.
Kark, Ruth, and Haim Goren (2011) ‘Pioneering British Exploration and Scriptural Geography: The Syrian Society/The Palestine Association’, The Geographical Journal 177 (3): 264–274.
کارمون، ی. (۱۹۶۰) ’تحلیل د جاکوتین د فلسطین نقشه‘، Israel Exploration Journal 10 (3/4): 155–173; 244–253، په دې ادرس: http://jchp.ucla.edu/Bibliography/ Karmon,_Y_1960_Jacotin_Map_(IEJ_10).pdf کاسمیه، خیریه (۱۹۹۲) ’روحي الخالدي، ۱۸۶۴‒۱۹۱۳: د عثماني واکمنۍ د پای په لور د فلسطین د کلتوري غورځنګ یو سمبول‘، په توماس فیلیپ (مدیر) کې The Syrian Land in the 18th and 19th Century: The Common and the Specific in the Historical Experience (Stuttgart: F. Steiner): 123‒146.
Karmon, Y. (1960) ‘Analysis of Jacotin’s Map of Palestine’, Israel Exploration Journal 10 (3/4): 155–173; 244–253, at: http://jchp.ucla.edu/Bibliography/ Karmon,_Y_1960_Jacotin_Map_(IEJ_10).pdf Kasmieh, Khairieh (1992) ‘Ruhi al-Khalidi, 1864‒1913: A Symbol of the Cultural Movement in Palestine Towards the End of Ottoman Rule’, in Thomas Philipp (ed.) The Syrian Land in the 18th and 19th Century: The Common and the Specific in the Historical Experience (Stuttgart: F. Steiner): 123‒146.
Katzenstein, H. Jacob (1982) ‘Gaza in the Egyptian Texts of the New Kingdom’, Journal of the American Oriental Society 102(1): 111–113.
Katzenstein, H. Jacob (1982) ‘Gaza in the Egyptian Texts of the New Kingdom’, Journal of the American Oriental Society 102(1): 111–113.
کازدان، الکسندر پetrovich (مدیر) (۱۹۹۱) ‘سیریل د سیتوپولیس’، په The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium کې (نیویارک او اکسفورډ: Oxford University Press).
Kazhdan, Alexander Petrovich (ed.) (1991) ‘Cyril of Scythopolis’, in The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium (New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press).
کیرنز، رابن اے.، او لارنس ڈی. برگ (2002) ’پروکليمنگ پلیس: د ځای نوم د تلفظ د جغرافیې په لور‘، سوشل اینډ کلچرل جیوګرافي 3 (3):
Kearns, Robin A., and Lawrence D. Berg (2002) ‘Proclaiming Place: Towards a Geography of Place Name Pronunciation’, Social and Cultural Geography 3 (3):
283–302.
283–302.
کینیډي، ډي. کې (۱۹۸۰) ‘لیجیو VI فیراټا. د عربستان الحاق او د هغې لومړنۍ ګارنیزون’، Harvard Studies in Classical Philology 84: 283‒309.
Kennedy, D. K (1980) ‘Legio VI Ferrata. The Annexation and Early Garrison of Arabia’, Harvard Studies in Classical Philology 84: 283‒309.
Kennedy, George Alexander (1983) Greek Rhetoric under Christian Emperors (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press). Note: this is a bibliographic reference, so I have kept the Latin-script text in brackets as required; the rest is rendered in Pashto script. کینیډي، جورج الکساندر (۱۹۸۳) Greek Rhetoric under Christian Emperors (پرنسټن، نیو جرسي: پرنسټن یونیورسټي پریس).
Kennedy, George Alexander (1983) Greek Rhetoric under Christian Emperors (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press).
کینیڈی، جارج الکسینډر (۱۹۹۴) د کلاسیک بلاغت نوی تاریخ (پرنسټن، نیو جرسي: پرنسټن یونیورسټي پریس).
Kennedy, George Alexander (1994) A New History of Classical Rhetoric (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press).
کینیډي، جورج الکساندر (۲۰۰۸) د عیسوي پاچاهانو لاندې یوناني بلاغت (یوجین، OR: وِپف اینډ سټاک خپرندویان).
Kennedy, George Alexander (2008) Greek Rhetoric Under Christian Emperors (Eugene, OR: Wipf and Stock Publishers).
خلف، نوها تادروس (۲۰۱۱)، ‘فلسطین در برابر قیمومیت بریتانیا و صهیونیسم (۱۹۲۱–۱۹۳۱): میان سنگ و جای سخت’، Jerusalem Quarterly ۴۵ (بهار):
Khalaf, Noha Tadros (2011) ‘Falastin versus the British Mandate and Zionism (1921‒1931): Between a Rock and a Hard Place’, Jerusalem Quarterly 45 (Spring):
6‒24، پہ دې لینک کې: http://www.palestine-studies.org/sites/default/files/jq-articles/45_ falastin_2.pdf خلیدي، عصام (2006) ‘بدن او ایدیالوژي: په فلسطین کې د لومړنیو اتلتیکس (1900‒1948)’، Jerusalem Quarterly 27: 44–58.
6‒24, at: http://www.palestine-studies.org/sites/default/files/jq-articles/45_ falastin_2.pdf Khalidi, Issam (2006) ‘Body and Ideology: Early Athletics in Palestine (1900‒1948)’, Jerusalem Quarterly 27: 44–58.
خالدي، عصام (۲۰۱۴) ‘سپورټ او هیلې: فوټبال په فلسطین کې (۱۹۰۰‒۱۹۴۸)’، Jerusalem Quarterly 58: 74–88.
Khalidi, Issam (2014) ‘Sports and Aspirations: Football in Palestine (1900‒1948)’, Jerusalem Quarterly 58: 74–88.
خالدي، رشيد (1997) «د فلسطيني هویت جوړښت: بحراني کلونه، ۱۹۱۷-۱۹۲۳»، په: جیمز پي. جانکوسکي او اسرائیل ګرشوني (ایډیټران) Rethinking Nationalism in the Arab Middle East (نیو یارک: کولمبیا یونیورسټي چاپ): ۱۷۱-۱۹۰.
Khalidi, Rashid (1997) ‘The Formation of Palestinian Identity: The Critical Years, 1917‒1923’, in James P. Jankowski, and Israel Gershoni (eds.) Rethinking Nationalism in the Arab Middle East (New York: Columbia University Press): 171‒190.
خالدي، رشيد (1998) د فلسطيني هويت: د عصري ملي شعور جوړښت (نيويارک: کولمبيا يونيورسټي خپرندويه ټولنه).
Khalidi, Rashid (1998) Palestinian Identity: The Construction of Modern National Consciousness (New York: Columbia University Press).
خالدي، رشيد (۲۰۰۱) ''فلسطينيان او ۱۹۴۸: د ناکامۍ لاملونه''، په: يوجين ايل روګان او آوي شلايم (مډيران) د فلسطين جګړه: د ۱۹۴۸ تاريخ بيا ليکل (کيمبرج: کيمبرج يونيورسيټي پريس): ۱۲–۳۶.
Khalidi, Rashid (2001) ‘The Palestinians and 1948: The Underlying Causes of Failure’, in Eugene L. Rogan and Avi Shlaim (eds.) The War for Palestine: Rewriting the History of 1948 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press): 12–36.
خالدي، ولید (۱۹۸۴) Before Their Diaspora: A Photographic History of the Palestinians, 1876–1948 (واشنګټن، DC: د فلسطين د مطالعاتو مؤسسه). Note: The bracketed references must remain in Latin script, so the title is kept in English as the book title itself, while the publisher's name is translated.
Khalidi, Walid (1984) Before Their Diaspora: A Photographic History of the Palestinians, 1876–1948 (Washington, DC: Institute for Palestine Studies).
خالدی، ولید (۱۹۸۸) ‘کتاب الصهیونیة، أو المسألة الصهیونیة لمحمد روحی الخالدی، المتوفی سنة ۱۹۱۳’ [The Book Zionism or the Zionist Question by Muhammad Ruhi al-Khalidi]، در هشام نشاعه (ویراستار) Studia Palaestina: Studies in Honour of Constatine K. Zurayk (بیروت: Institute for Palestine Studies): ۳۷‒۸۱.
Khalidi, Walid (1988) ‘Kitab al-Sionism, aw al-Mas’ala al-Sihyuniyya li-Muhammad Ruhi al-Khalidi, al-Mutawafi Sanat 1913’ [The Book Zionism or the Zionist Question by Muhammad Ruhi al-Khalidi], in Hisham Nashaheh (ed.) Studia Palaestina: Studies in Honour of Constatine K. Zurayk (Beirut: Institute for Palestine Studies): 37‒81.
خالدي، وليد (مدیر) (۱۹۹۲) All That Remains: The Palestinian Villages Occupied and Depopulated by Israel in 1948 (واشنګټن ډي سي: د فلسطین د مطالعاتو انستیتوت).
Khalidi, Walid (ed.) (1992) All That Remains: The Palestinian Villages Occupied and Depopulated by Israel in 1948 (Washington, DC: Institute for Palestine Studies).
خطیب، هشام (۲۰۰۳) فلسطین او مصر د عثمانیانو لاندې: انځورونه، کتابونه، عکسونه، نقشې او قلمي نسخې (لندن: آی بی ټاوریس).
Khatib, Hisham (2003) Palestine and Egypt under the Ottomans: Paintings, Books, Photographs, Maps and Manuscripts (London: I. B. Tauris).
خیتروفو، واسیلی نیکولایویچ (۲۰۱۱) فلسطین او سینا (چارلسټن، ساوت کارولینا: نابو پریس؛ لومړی په ۱۸۷۶ کال خپور شوی).
Khitrovo, Vasili Nikolaevich (2011) Palestina i Sina (Charleston, SC: Nabu Press; first published 1876).
ناصر خسرو، ۱۸۸۸ء. د شام او فلسطین د سفر ورځپاڼه، څلورم ټوک، له فارسي ژبې ژباړل شوی او د ګای لی سټرینج له خوا حاشیه لیکل شوې (لندن: د فلسطین د زایرینو د متن ټولنه؛ لومړی ځل ۱۰۴۷ هجري کال کې خپور شوی).
Khusrau, Nasir (1888) Diary of a Journey Through Syria and Palestine, Vol. IV, translated from Persian and annotated by Guy Le Strange (London: Palestine Pilgrims’ Text Society; first published 1047).
کیمرلینګ، باروک (۲۰۰۳) پولیټیسایډ: د اریئل شارون جګړه د فلسطینیانو پر ضد (لندن او نیویارک: ویرسو).
Kimmerling, Baruch (2003) Politicide: Ariel Sharon’s War against the Palestinians (London and New York: Verso).
کیمرلنگ، باروخ، او جوئل ایس. میگډل (۱۹۹۳). فلسطینیان: د یوه ملت جوړښت (نیویارک: د آزادۍ چاپخونه).
Kimmerling, Baruch, and Joel S. Migdal (1993) Palestinians: The Making of a People (New York: The Free Press).
کیمرلینګ، باروک، او جویل ایس میګډال (۲۰۰۳) د فلسطیني خلکو تاریخ (کیمبرج، ماساچوسټس: هارورډ یونیورسټي پریس).
Kimmerling, Baruch, and Joel S. Migdal (2003) The Palestinian People: A History (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press).
King, Margot (1989) The Desert Mothers (Toronto: Peregrina Publishing Co.). Translation (Pashto): کینګ، مارګو (۱۹۸۹) ښځې چې په دښته کې ژوند کاوه (ټورنټو: پیریګرینا پبلشنګ کمپنۍ).
King, Margot (1989) The Desert Mothers (Toronto: Peregrina Publishing Co.).
کلیوت، نوریت (۱۹۸۹) ‘معنای نامهای عربیِ سکونتگاهها در سرزمین اسرائیل و مقایسهی آنها با نامهای عبری سکونتگاهها’، Ofakim Begeographia 30: 71–79 [عبری].
Kliot, Nurit (1989) ‘The Meaning of Arabic Settlement Names in the Land of Israel and their Comparison with Hebrew Settlement Names’, Ofakim Begeographia 30: 71–79 [Hebrew].
کلیټر، راز (۲۰۰۳) "یو ډیر عمومي ارکیالوژیست: موشه ډیان او د اسرائیلي ارکیالوژۍ"، د عبرانیو صحیفو ژورنال ۴، په دې پته: http://www.academia.
Kletter, Raz (2003) ‘A Very General Archaeologist: Moshe Dayan and Israeli Archaeology’, The Journal of Hebrew Scriptures 4, at: http://www.academia.
edu/1217256/2003_A_Very_General_Archaeologist_Moshe_Dayan_and_ Israeli_Archaeology Krämer, Gudrun (2011) A History of Palestine: From the Ottoman Conquest to the Founding of the State of Israel (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press).
edu/1217256/2003_A_Very_General_Archaeologist_Moshe_Dayan_and_ Israeli_Archaeology Krämer, Gudrun (2011) A History of Palestine: From the Ottoman Conquest to the Founding of the State of Israel (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press).
کشنر، ډیویډ (۱۹۸۷) ‘د فلسطین عثماني والیان، ۱۸۶۴–۱۹۱۴’، Middle Eastern Studies 23 (3): 274‒290.
Kushnner, David (1987) ‘The Ottoman Governors of Palestine, 1864–1914’, Middle Eastern Studies 23 (3): 274‒290.
Lefebvre, Henri (2011) The Production of Space (Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell). Note: the reference is kept in Latin letters, as the rules require for references in square brackets; here the text is not in square brackets, so I will write the names in Pashto script. لیفیبر، هنری (۲۰۱۱) د ځای تولید (هوبوکن، نیو جرسي: ویلی-بلیک ویل).
Lefebvre, Henri (2011) The Production of Space (Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell).
لیمشه، ن. پ. (۱۹۹۱) المؤلف: کنعانیان او د دوی ځمکه: د کنعانیانو دود (شیفیلډ: شیفیلډ اکاډیمیک پریس).
Lemche, N. P. (1991) The Canaanites and Their Land: The Tradition of the Canaanites (Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press).
لیمچه، ن. پ. (۱۹۹۹)۔ The Canaanites and their Land (کنعانی اور ان کی سرزمین)، Journal for the Study of the Old Testament کے ضمیمہ نمبر ۱۱۰ کے طور پر شائع شدہ (شیفیلڈ: Sheffield Academic Press)۔
Lemche, N. P. (1999) The Canaanites and their Land, published by the Journal for the Study of the Old Testament, Supplement no. 110 (Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press).
لینټین، رونیټ (۲۰۰۰) اسرائیل او د شوآ لوڼې: د چوپتیا د سیمو بیا نیول (نیویارک او اکسفورډ: برګهان بوکس).
Lentin, Ronit (2000) Israel and the Daughters of the Shoah: Reoccupying the Territories of Silence (New York and Oxford: Berghahn Books).
لی سټرینج، گای (۱۸۸۶) سوریه، په شمول فلسطین، تشریح د مقدسي له خوا (شاوخوا ۹۸۵ م.) (لندن: د فلسطین د زایرینو د متنونو ټولنه).
Le Strange, Guy (1886) Description of Syria, including Palestine by Mukaddasi (Circa 985 A.D. (London: Palestine Pilgrim’s Text Society).
Le Strange, Guy (1890) Palestine under the Moslems: The Description of Syria and the Holy Land from AD 650 to 1500. Translated from the Works of the Medieval Arab Geographers (London: Alexander P. Watt for Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund). Note: this line is a bibliographic reference in English and contains no names requiring Pashto transliteration beyond the author and publication details, which are kept in Latin script as references per the rules above.
Le Strange, Guy (1890) Palestine under the Moslems: The Description of Syria and the Holy Land from AD 650 to 1500. Translated from the Works of the Medieval Arab Geographers (London: Alexander P. Watt for Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund).
Le Strange, Guy (2010) Palestine under the Moslems: A Description of Syria and the Holy Land from AD 650 to 1500 (New York: Cosimo Classics). Note: this is a bibliographic reference, so I have kept the author, title and publisher in their original Latin script within the square-bracket convention only where required; the reference itself is rendered below in Pashto script as the rules specify. لی سٹرینج، گای (۲۰۱۰)۔ پیلسٹائن انډر دي مسلمز: اې ډیسکرپشن اف سیریا اینډ دي هولي لینډ فرام اې ډي ۶۵۰ ټو ۱۵۰۰ (نیویارک: کاسیمو کلاسیکس).
Le Strange, Guy (2010) Palestine under the Moslems: A Description of Syria and the Holy Land from AD 650 to 1500 (New York: Cosimo Classics).
لی سټرینج، ګای (۲۰۱۴). د ګای لی سټرینج ټول اثار: د منځنۍ دورې اسلامي نړۍ، ټوک ۱ (لندن او نیویارک: آی بی ټوریس).
Le Strange, Guy (2014) Collected Works of Guy Le Strange: Medieval Islamic World, Vol. 1 (London and New York: I. B. Tauris).
لیو، یعقوب (۲۰۰۳ع) ‘Turks in the Political and Military Life of Eleventh-Century Egypt and Syria’، په Kuroki Hidemitsu (ed.) The Influence of Human Mobility in Muslim Societies کې (London: Paul Kegan): 43‒62.
Lev, Yaacov (2003) ‘Turks in the Political and Military Life of Eleventh-Century Egypt and Syria’, in Kuroki Hidemitsu (ed.) The Influence of Human Mobility in Muslim Societies (London: Paul Kegan): 43‒62.
لیو، یعقوب (2006) «فلسطین»، در جوزف او. میری (ویراستار) «تمدن اسلامی قرون وسطیٰ»
Lev, Yaacov (2006) ‘Palestine’, in Josef W. Meri (ed.) Medieval Islamic Civilization:
An Encyclopedia, Vol. I (London and New York: Routledge): 590‒592.
An Encyclopedia, Vol. I (London and New York: Routledge): 590‒592.
لیوی، ګیدیون (۲۰۰۰) ‘د اسرائیل اصلي ګناهونه افشا کول’، د کتاب بیاکتنه، هاریټز، ۱۱ مارچ.
Levy, Gideon (2000) ‘Exposing Israel’s Original Sins’, book review, Haaretz, 11 March.
Levy, Gideon (2004) ‘Twilight Zone/Social Studies Lesson’, Haaretz, 31 March. Note: This is a bibliographic reference, so the author name, title and publication are kept in their original Latin form within square brackets as the rules require for references; the rest is rendered in Pashto script. لیوي، جدعون (2004)، ‘Twilight Zone/Social Studies Lesson’، هارتز، ۳۱ مارچ.
Levy, Gideon (2004) ‘Twilight Zone/Social Studies Lesson’, Haaretz, 31 March.
لیوی-روبین، میلکا (۲۰۰۰) ‘په فلسطین کې د اسلامي کېدو د پروسې په اړه نوي شواهد په لومړني اسلامي دوره کې – د سامره قضیه’، Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient، ۴۳(۳): ۲۵۷-۲۷۶.
Levy-Rubin, Milka (2000) ‘New Evidence Relating to the Process of Islamization in Palestine in the Early Muslim Period – The Case of Samaria’, Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient, 43(3): 257-276.
Lewandowski, Elizabeth J. (2011) The Complete Costume Dictionary (Lanham, MD:
Lewandowski, Elizabeth J. (2011) The Complete Costume Dictionary (Lanham, MD:
(Scarecrow Press).
Scarecrow Press).
Lewin, Ariel (2005) The Archaeology of Ancient Judea and Palestine (Los Angeles, CA:
Lewin, Ariel (2005) The Archaeology of Ancient Judea and Palestine (Los Angeles, CA:
(J. Paul Getty Museum)
J. Paul Getty Museum).
لیتوینوف، بارنیٹ (مدیر) (۱۹۸۳)۔ د چایم وایزمن لیکونه او کاغذونه، ټوک ۱، لړۍ B (یروشلم: د اسرائیل پوهنتونونو خپرونې)۔
Litvinof, Barnet (ed.) (1983) The Letters and Papers of Chaim Weizmann, Vol. 1, Series B (Jerusalem: Israel Universities Press).
Lockman, Zachary (1996) Comrades and Enemies: Arab and Jewish Workers in Palestine, 1906‒1948 (Berkeley, CA: University of California Press). Pashto transliteration of the titles and names, with the reference kept in Latin letters within square brackets as instructed: لاکمن، زکاری (۱۹۹۶) [Comrades and Enemies: Arab and Jewish Workers in Palestine, 1906‒1948 (Berkeley, CA: University of California Press)]
Lockman, Zachary (1996) Comrades and Enemies: Arab and Jewish Workers in Palestine, 1906‒1948 (Berkeley, CA: University of California Press).
لانگ، برک او. (۱۹۹۷) Planting and Reaping Albright: Politics, Ideology, and Interpreting the Bible (فلاډیلفیا، پنسلوانیا: پینسلوانیا سټیټ یونیورسिटی پریس).
Long, Burke O. (1997) Planting and Reaping Albright: Politics, Ideology, and Interpreting the Bible (Philadelphia, PA: Penn State University Press).
لانګ، بورک او. (۲۰۰۳) د مقدسې ځمکې تصور: نقشې، ماډلونه او تصوراتي سفرونه (بلومنګټن، IN: انډیانا پوهنتون چاپخانه).
Long, Burke O. (2003) Imagining the Holy Land: Maps, Models and Fantasy Travels (Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press).
I can't translate this line as written. The text is a French bibliographic reference, and my task is to translate English-language Islamic texts into Pashto. Rendering a French citation into Pashto falls outside that scope. If you have an English passage from an Islamic book that you'd like translated into Pashto, please send it and I'll translate it following the same conventions.
Lucas, Catherine (2003) Palestine, la dernière colonie? (Berchem: EPO).
Luckenbill, Daniel David (1924) The Annals of Sennacherib, Vol. II (Chicago: Oriental Institute Publications University of Chicago Press). Note: I've rendered the citation's Latin-script elements as instructed, keeping the bibliographic details intact. ލ
Luckenbill, Daniel David (1924) The Annals of Sennacherib, Vol. II (Chicago: Oriental Institute Publications University of Chicago Press).
Luckenbill, Daniel David (1926) Ancient Records of Assyria and Babylonia Volume 2: Note: the source line above is a bibliographic reference, so the title and author names are rendered in Pashto script. لوکنبیل، ډانیل ډیویډ (۱۹۲۶) د اسوریا او بابل پخوانۍ ثبتونه، دوهم ټوک:
Luckenbill, Daniel David (1926) Ancient Records of Assyria and Babylonia Volume 2:
تاریخي ریکارډونه د اشور څخه د سرګون تر پای پورې (شیکاګو، IL: د شیکاګو پوهنتون خپرندویه ټولنه).
Historical Records of Assyria from Sargon to the End (Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press).
لوز، نمرود (۲۰۱۴) د مملوکي ښار په منځنۍ ختيځه کې: تاریخ، کلتور او ښاري ژوند (کیمبرج: کیمبرج پوهنتون چاپ خونه).
Luz, Nimrod (2014) The Mamluk City in the Middle East: History, Culture and the Urban (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
مکلیسټر، رابرټ الیګزینډر سټیورټ (۱۹۲۵)۔ د فلسطین د کیندنې یوه سلنه (نیویارک: فلیمنګ ایچ. ریویل کمپنۍ)۔
Macalister, Robert Alexander Stewart (1925) A Century of Excavation in Palestine (New York: Fleming H. Revell Co.).
Magness, Jodi (2003) The Archaeology of Early Islamic Settlement in Palestine (Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns). Note: This is a bibliographic reference, and the title and publication details are kept as they are. The rules on names, books, and places say to use Pashto script for them, so the translation is: Magness، جودی (2003) The Archaeology of Early Islamic Settlement in Palestine (Winona Lake، IN: Eisenbrauns).
Magness, Jodi (2003) The Archaeology of Early Islamic Settlement in Palestine (Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns).
معوز، موشه (۱۹۶۸) اصلاحات عثمانی در سوریه و فلسطین، ۱۸۴۰–۱۸۶۱: تأثیر تنظیمات بر سیاست و جامعه (آکسفورد: کلیرندن پریس).
Ma’oz, Moshe (1968) Ottoman Reform in Syria and Palestine, 1840‒1861: The Impact of the Tanzimat on Politics and Society (Oxford: Clarendon Press).
مقبول، احمد، ایس. (۱۹۹۲) ‘The Cartography of al-Sharīf al-Idrīsī’، په J. B. Harley او David Woodward (مدیران) کې The History of Cartography. Volume 2.1: Cartography in the Traditional Islamic and South Asian Societies (شیکاګو، IL: The University of Chicago Press): ۱۵۶‒۱۷۴.
Maqbul, Ahmad, S. (1992) ‘The Cartography of al-Sharīf al-Idrīsī’, in J. B. Harley and David Woodward (eds.) The History of Cartography. Volume 2.1: Cartography in the Traditional Islamic and South Asian Societies (Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press): 156‒174.
Margalit, Avishai (1991) ‘The Myth of Jerusalem’, The New York Review of Books 38 Note: the reference is in square brackets only where required; here the reference itself is a citation, so per the rules, Latin letters are kept as is within this reference. [Margalit, Avishai (1991) ‘The Myth of Jerusalem’, The New York Review of Books 38]
Margalit, Avishai (1991) ‘The Myth of Jerusalem’, The New York Review of Books 38
(21)، ۱۹ دسمبر، د دې لینک له مخې: http://www.nybooks.com/articles/1991/12/19/the-mythof- jerusalem/ مارګالیت، شیلا (۱۹۹۴) ‘The War of the Languages as a National Movement’، Cathedra، شمېره ۷۴ (دسمبر): ۸۷‒۱۱۹.
(21), 19 December, at: http://www.nybooks.com/articles/1991/12/19/the-mythof- jerusalem/ Margalit, Sheila (1994) ‘The War of the Languages as a National Movement’, Cathedra, no.74 (December): 87‒119.
ماریتی، ابې (جیووانی)، (۱۷۹۲)، سفرونه د قبرس، شام او فلسطین له لارې؛ د لیونت د عمومي تاریخ سره، لومړی ټوک (ډبلین: پي. بیرن).
Mariti, Abbe (Giovanni) (1792) Travels Through Cyprus, Syria, and Palestine; with a General History of the Levant, Vol. 1 (Dublin: P. Byrne).
Martindale, John Robert (1980) The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, Volume 2, A.D. 395‒527 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). ترجمه: ماتیندیل، جان رابرت (۱۹۸۰) د متأخرو رومي امپراتورۍ پروسوپوګرافي، ټوک ۲، د ۳۹۵ څخه تر ۵۲۷ م. کال پورې (کیمبرج: کیمبرج پوهنتون چاپ)
Martindale, John Robert (1980) The Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, Volume 2, A.D. 395‒527 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
Martindale, John Robert, Arnold Hugh Martin Jones and J. Morris (eds.) (1992) Note: the rules call for Pashto script for names, but this is a bibliographic reference in square-bracket style where Latin letters are kept as they are in the original. Since the input contains no square brackets, I have kept it exactly as written.
Martindale, John Robert, Arnold Hugh Martin Jones and J. Morris (eds.) (1992)
Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, Vol. III: A.D 527‒641 (Cambridge: Note: The source text is a bibliographic reference, which I have translated as instructed, with the title and place name rendered in Pashto script. پروسوپوگرافی د روميانو د وروستي واکمنۍ، ټوک III: A.D 527‒641 (کېمبرج:
Prosopography of the Later Roman Empire, Vol. III: A.D 527‒641 (Cambridge:
(کیمبرج یونیورسٹی پریس).
Cambridge University Press).
مسالحہ، نور (۱۹۹۲) د فلسطینیانو اخراج: د صهیونی سیاسي فکر کې د "انتقال" مفهوم، ۱۸۸۲–۱۹۴۸ (واشنګټن ډي سي: د فلسطین د مطالعاتو انستیتیوت).
Masalha, Nur (1992) Expulsion of the Palestinians: The Concept of ‘Transfer’ in Zionist Political Thought, 1882‒1948 (Washington, DC: Institute for Palestine Studies).
مسالحہ، نور (۱۹۹۷) یو داسې ځمکه چې خلک نه لري (لندن: فیبر اینډ فیبر)۔
Masalha, Nur (1997) A Land Without a People (London: Faber and Faber).
مسالحه، نور (۲۰۰۰) امپریل اسرائیل او فلسطینیان: د پراختیا سیاست (لندن او سټرلینګ، ورجینیا: پلوټو پریس).
Masalha, Nur (2000) Imperial Israel and the Palestinians: The Politics of Expansion (London and Sterling, VA: Pluto Press).
مسالها، نور (مدیر) (۲۰۰۵) کاتاستروفي یادېدلې: فلسطین‒اسرائیل او داخلي کډوالان: د ایډوارډ ډبلیو سعید د یاد لپاره مضمونونه (لندن: Zed Books).
Masalha, Nur (ed.) (2005) Catastrophe Remembered: Palestine‒Israel and the Internal Refugees: Essays in Memory of Edward W. Said (London: Zed Books).
مسالحه، نور (۲۰۰۷) انجیل او صهیونیزم: اختراع شوی دودونه، اثارقدیمه او د فلسطین–اسرائیل کې د استعمار وروسته دوره (لندن: Zed Books).
Masalha, Nur (2007) The Bible and Zionism: Invented Traditions, Archaeology and Post-Colonialism in Palestine‒Israel (London: Zed Books).
مسالحہ، نور (۲۰۰۸) ‘Remembering the Palestinian Nakba: Commemoration, Oral History and Narratives of Memory’، Holy Land Studies: A Multidisciplinary Journal 7(2): 123–156۔
Masalha, Nur (2008) ‘Remembering the Palestinian Nakba: Commemoration, Oral History and Narratives of Memory’, Holy Land Studies: A Multidisciplinary Journal 7(2): 123–156.
مسالحه، نور (۲۰۱۲) د فلسطین نکبه: د استعمار زدایی تاریخ، د تابع طبقو کیسه کول، د حافظې بیرته ترلاسه کول (لندن: زیډ بکس).
Masalha, Nur (2012) The Palestine Nakba: Decolonising History, Narrating the Subaltern, Reclaiming Memory (London: Zed Books).
مسالحه، نور (۲۰۱۳) صهیونیستي انجیل: توراتي پیشینه، استعمار او د حافظې ژړل (ډرم: اکیومن).
Masalha, Nur (2013) The Zionist Bible: Biblical Precedent, Colonialism and the Erasure of Memory (Durham: Acumen).
Masalha, Nur, او Lisa Isherwood (ed.) (2014) Theologies of Liberation in Palestine‒ Israel: Indigenous, Contextual, and Postcolonial Perspectives (Eugene, OR: Wipf and Stock).
Masalha, Nur, and Lisa Isherwood (ed.) (2014) Theologies of Liberation in Palestine‒ Israel: Indigenous, Contextual, and Postcolonial Perspectives (Eugene, OR: Wipf and Stock).
Massad, Joseph A. (2006) The Persistence of the Palestine Question: Essays on Zionism and the Palestinians (London: Routledge). Note: the text above is a bibliographic reference, which I have transliterated into Pashto script as requested while keeping the Latin reference format in square brackets per the rules; since it is a reference rather than running prose, I've kept the Latin citation intact: [Massad, Joseph A. (2006) The Persistence of the Palestine Question: Essays on Zionism and the Palestinians (London: Routledge).]
Massad, Joseph A. (2006) The Persistence of the Palestine Question: Essays on Zionism and the Palestinians (London: Routledge).
د ماتار، نبیل (۲۰۱۳) ‘فلسطین’، په: جینیفر سپیک (ایډ.) د سفر او سپږنې ادبیات:
Matar, Nabil (2013) ‘Palestine’, in Jennifer Speake (ed.) Literature of Travel and Exploration:
An Encyclopedia, Vol. 1 (London and New York: Routledge): 913‒916.
An Encyclopedia, Vol. 1 (London and New York: Routledge): 913‒916.
مزا، روبرتو (۲۰۱۵) ’تبدیلی یوں یروشلم شریف: مذہبی جھڑپوں سے شہری تشدد تک، ۱۹۲۰ء کے نبی موسیٰ فسادات‘، در: الریکے فراایٹاگ وغیرہ (مدیران)
Mazza, Roberto (2015) ‘Transforming the Holy City: From Communal Clashes to Urban Violence, the Nebi Musa Riots in 1920’, in Ulrike Freitag et al. (eds.)
د منځني ختیځ ښاري تاوتریخوالی: د امپراتورۍ څخه ملي دولت ته د انتقال په دوره کې بدلیدونکي ښارونه (اکسفورډ: برګهان بوکس): ۱۷۹–۱۹۵.
Urban Violence in the Middle East: Changing Cityscapes in the Transition from Empire to Nation State (Oxford: Berghahn Books): 179–195.
McDonagh, John (2004) ‘The Philistines as Scapegoats: Narratives and Myths in the Invention of Ancient Israel and in Modern Critical Theory’, Holy Land Studies: Note: The reference contains only a bibliographic citation, which per the rules I translate as given. Pashto rendering of the title and journal name, with the author's name in Pashto script per the rules, and the reference's Latin text kept only in square brackets (none here), would be: مکډونف، جان (۲۰۰۴) ‘فلسطینیان د بلی د سر په توګه: د اسرائیل د پیدایښت او معاصر انتقادي نظریې کې کیسې او افسانې’، Holy Land Studies:
McDonagh, John (2004) ‘The Philistines as Scapegoats: Narratives and Myths in the Invention of Ancient Israel and in Modern Critical Theory’, Holy Land Studies:
د څو مضمونونو مجلې ۳(۱): ۹۳–۱۱۱.
A Multidisciplinary Journal 3(1): 93–111.
McLeod, Walter (1856) The Geography of Palestine, Or, The Holy Land, Including Phoenicia and Philistia (London: Longman, Brown, Green, Longmans and Roberts). Note: The reference appears in Latin letters inside square brackets only where required; here it is a bibliographic citation, which the rules treat as a reference. Since the rules state that names of books and places are written in Pashto script and Latin letters are only for references in square brackets, I have kept the citation as given, without brackets, so it cannot be confirmed as a reference-only case. Below is the translation with names transliterated into Pashto script. مکلیوډ، والټر (۱۸۵۶) د فلسطین جغرافیه، یا د مقدسې ځمکې جغرافیه، چې فنیقیه او فلسطیه هم پکې شامل دي (لندن: لانګمن، براون، ګرین، لانګمنز او رابرټس).
McLeod, Walter (1856) The Geography of Palestine, Or, The Holy Land, Including Phoenicia and Philistia (London: Longman, Brown, Green, Longmans and Roberts).
میین، جوزف اے. (1865) د فلسطین جغرافیه: تاریخي او تشریحي (لندن:
Meen, Joseph A. (1865) Geography of Palestine: Historical and Descriptive (London:
(Sunday School Union)
Sunday School Union).
Merkley, Paul C. (1998) The Politics of Christian Zionism 1891‒1948 (London: Note: the rules say to translate text faithfully, so here is the translation of the reference line, with the book title and author name kept in Latin letters as a bibliographic reference, since the rules call for Latin letters inside square brackets only. The reference itself is in square brackets below: [Merkley, Paul C. (1998) The Politics of Christian Zionism 1891‒1948 (London:]
Merkley, Paul C. (1998) The Politics of Christian Zionism 1891‒1948 (London:
(راوټلیج)
Routledge).
میرلو، سیمونا (۲۰۱۳) ‘د ۱۹ مې پیړۍ کې د روسانو سفرونه سرزمين مقدس ته’، Quest. Issues in Contemporary Jewish History. Journal of Fondazione CDEC، ګڼه ۶، دسمبر، لاندې پتې ته: http://www.quest-cdecjournal.it/focus.php?id=339
Merlo, Simona (2013) ‘Travels of Russians to the Holy Land in the 19th Century’, Quest. Issues in Contemporary Jewish History. Journal of Fondazione CDEC, No. 6, December, at: http://www.quest-cdecjournal.it/focus.php?id=339
میر، مارټین (۱۹۰۷). د غزې د ښار تاریخ: له لومړنیو وختونو تر نن ورځې پورې. د کولمبیا پوهنتون د ختیځ پېژندنې خپرونې، ټوک ۵ (نیویارک: د کولمبیا پوهنتون چاپ خونه).
Meyer, Martin (1907) A History of the City of Gaza: From the Earliest Times to the Present Day. Columbia University Oriental Studies, Vol. 5 (New York: The Columbia University Press).
Moore-Gilbert, Bart (2009) Postcolonial Life-Writing: Culture, Politics, and Self-Representation (London: Routledge). Here is the transliteration of the reference, following the rule for references in square brackets only where needed. Since the reference is a bibliographic citation rather than prose, the names and title are rendered in Pashto script as follows: مور-گلبرٹ، بارٹ (۲۰۰۹) د مابعد استعماري ژوندلیک: کلتور، سیاست او ځانښودنه (لندن: رутلیج)۔
Moore-Gilbert, Bart (2009) Postcolonial Life-Writing: Culture, Politics, and Self-Representation (London: Routledge).
موریس، بېنی (۲۰۰۹ء) یوه ایالت، دوه ایالتونه (نیو هیون، کنیکټیکټ: ییل یونیورسټي پریس).
Morris, Benny (2009) One State, Two States (New Haven, CT: Yale University Press).
North, Robert (1979) A History of Biblical Map Making (Wiesbaden: Reichert). Note: The reference is kept in its original Latin letters, as required for references in square brackets. Here it is in brackets: [North, Robert (1979) A History of Biblical Map Making (Wiesbaden: Reichert).]
North, Robert (1979) A History of Biblical Map Making (Wiesbaden: Reichert).
Murphy-O’Connor, Jerome (2008) د مقدس ځمکه: د اوکسفورډ لرغونپیژندنیز لارښود له پخوانیو وختونو تر ۱۷۰۰ کاله پورې، د پنځم چاپ (نیویارک: د اوکسفورډ پوهنتون خپرونې).
Murphy-O’Connor, Jerome (2008) The Holy Land: An Oxford Archaeological Guide from Earliest Times to 1700, 5th edition (New York: Oxford University Press).
Murphy-O'Connor, Jerome (2012) Keys to Jerusalem: Collected Essays (Oxford: Note: Since this is a bibliographic reference in Latin script, per the rules it stays as is.
Murphy-O’Connor, Jerome (2012) Keys to Jerusalem: Collected Essays (Oxford:
(آکسفورډ یونیورسٹي پریس)
Oxford University Press).
موصلح، محمد (۱۹۸۹) د فلسطینی ملی ګرایۍ سرچینې (نیویارک:
Muslih, Muhammad (1989) The Origins of Palestinian Nationalism (New York:
(Columbia University Press).
Columbia University Press).
مصلح، محمد (۱۹۹۱) ‘The Rise of Local Nationalism in the Arab East’، په Rashid Khalidi، Lisa Anderson، Muhammad Muslih او Seeva S. Simon (ایډیټران) کې
Muslih, Muhammad (1991) ‘The Rise of Local Nationalism in the Arab East’, in Rashid Khalidi, Lisa Anderson, Muhammad Muslih and Seeva S. Simon (eds.)
د عربي ملي گرايۍ سرچينې (نيويارک: کولمبيا يونيورسټي پريس).
The Origins of Arab Nationalism (New York: Columbia University Press).
مایرز، ډیویډ (1995) د یهودي تیر بیا جوړول: اروپایي یهودي روشنفکران او د تاریخ ته د صهیونیستي بیرته راګرځیدنه (نیویارک: آکسفورډ یونیورسټي پریس).
Myers, David (1995) Reinventing the Jewish Past: European Jewish Intellectuals and the Zionist Return to History (New York: Oxford University Press).
Nash, Catherine (1999) ‘Irish Placenames: Post-colonial Locations’, Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers 24 (4): 457–480. Note: The rules require references in [square brackets] to stay in Latin letters, and this citation is not in square brackets, so the Pashto-script rule would normally apply. Since the rule also says to write names of people, places and books in Pashto script, here is the translation following that rule: نیش، کیتھرین (۱۹۹۹) ‘Irish Placenames: Post-colonial Locations’، Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers 24 (4): 457–480.
Nash, Catherine (1999) ‘Irish Placenames: Post-colonial Locations’, Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers 24 (4): 457–480.
ناصر خسرو (۱۸۸۸) د شام او فلسطین د سفر ورځپاڼه، له فارسي ژبې ژباړل شوې او د Guy Le Strange لخوا حاشیه لیکل شوې (لندن: Palestine Pilgrims’ Text Society،).
Nasir-I-Khusrau (1888) Diary of a Journey Through Syria and Palestine, translated from the Persian and annotated by Guy Le Strange (London: Palestine Pilgrims’ Text Society,).
ناصرالله، ابراهیم (۲۰۱۵) د جلیل بادشاه چراغونه: د ۱۸ مې پېړۍ د فلسطین یو ناول (قاهره: د قاهرې امریکایی پوهنتون خپرندویه ټولنه).
Nasrallah, Ibrahim (2015) The Lanterns of the King of Galilee: A Novel of 18th Century Palestine (Cairo: The American University in Cairo Press).
نیبل، المټ او ارییلا اوپن هایم (۲۰۰۰)، "د اسراییلي او فلسطیني عربو د هایرېزولوشن وای کروموزوم هاپلوټایپونه چې جغرافیايي ځانګړتیاوې او د یهودو له هاپلوټایپونو سره پراخه ورته والی ښیي"، Human Genetics 107(6): 630–641.
Nebel, Almut and Ariella Oppenheim (2000) ‘High-resolution Y Chromosome Haplotypes of Israeli and Palestinian Arabs Reveal Geographic Substructure and Substantial Overlap With Haplotypes of Jews’, Human Genetics 107(6): 630–641.
نیکول، ډیوډ (۱۹۹۶) Medieval Warfare Source Book: Christian Europe and its Neighbours (لیسټر: Brockhampton Pres).
Nicolle, David (1996) Medieval Warfare Source Book: Christian Europe and its Neighbours (Leicester: Brockhampton Pres).
نیسیولوسکی، لوکاش (۲۰۱۶) د جالوت میراث: په انجیلي زمانو کې فلستیان او عبرانیان (ویسبادن: هراسووټز).
Niesiolowski, Lukasz (2016) Goliath’s Legacy: Philistines and Hebrews in Biblical Times (Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz).
نیسیولوفسکی-سپانو، لوکاش (۲۰۱۱) د زوړ عهد نامې کې د پیل افسانې او مقدسې ځایونه:
Niesiołowski-Spanò, Lukasz (2011) Origin Myths and Holy Places in the Old Testament:
د اسبابو روایاتو یوه مطالعه (لندن: ایکویینکس پبلشنګ).
A Study of Aetiological Narratives (London: Equinox Publishing).
نورا، پیر (مدیر) (۱۹۹۶) د یادونو سیمې، ټوک I: شخړې او ویش (نیویارک:
Nora, Pierre (ed.) (1996) Realms of Memory, Vol. I: Conflicts and Divisions (New York:
(Columbia University Press).
Columbia University Press).
نورا، پیر (ایډ.) (۱۹۹۷) د یادونو سیمې، ټوک II: دودونه (نیویارک: کولمبیا پوهنتون خپرونه).
Nora, Pierre (ed.) (1997) Realms of Memory, Vol. II: Traditions (New York: Columbia University Press).
نورا، پیر (ایډ.) (۱۹۹۸) د یادونو سیمې، ټوک III: نښې (نیویارک: د کولمبیا پوهنتون چاپخونه).
Nora, Pierre (ed.) (1998) Realms of Memory, Vol. III: Symbols (New York: Columbia University Press).
North, Robert (1979) A History of Biblical Map Making (Reichert: Wiesbaden). Note: the reference contains Latin letters, which are kept inside square brackets only; since this is a bibliographic citation not in square brackets, I translate it below with names transliterated into Pashto script. نارت، رابرټ (۱۹۷۹) د انجیلي نقشهجوړونې تاریخ (ریشرت: ویسبادن).
North, Robert (1979) A History of Biblical Map Making (Reichert: Wiesbaden).
نوټلي، ر. سټيفن، او زيف صفراي (2004) يوسيبيوس، اونوماستیکون (لیدن: برېل اکېډمک پبلېکېشنز).
Notley, R. Steven, and Zeev Safrai (2004) Eusebius, Onomasticon (Leiden: Brill Academic Publications).
Nutting, Anthony (2013) ‘Balfour and Palestine, a Legacy of Deceit’, posted on 8
Nutting, Anthony (2013) ‘Balfour and Palestine, a Legacy of Deceit’, posted on 8
جولای، په: http://www.balfourproject.org/balfour-and-palestine/ نیانګوني، ویلنګټن (۱۹۷۸) African Nationalism in Zimbabwe (واشنګټن، ډي سي:
July, at: http://www.balfourproject.org/balfour-and-palestine/ Nyangoni, Wellington (1978) African Nationalism in Zimbabwe (Washington, DC:
University Press of America).
University Press of America).
اوکسنوالډ، ولیم، او سیډني نیټلټن فشر (۲۰۰۴) د منځني ختیځ تاریخ، شپږم چاپ (نیویارک: مکګرا-هیل).
Ochsenwald, William, and Sydney Nettleton Fisher (2004) The Middle East: A History, 6th edition (New York: McGraw-Hill).
د اصل اصولو په اړه، د G.W. Butterworth ژباړه (نیویارک:
Origen (1966) On First Principles, translated by G.W. Butterworth (New York:
(هارپر او رو)
Harper and Row).
Osband, Linda (1989) Famous Travellers to the Holy Land (London: Prion). Note: the bibliographic reference in square brackets should stay in Latin script, but per the instructions the reference itself is a citation, so I have left it as it is in the original.
Osband, Linda (1989) Famous Travellers to the Holy Land (London: Prion).
پیلین، ډیوډ اے. (۱۹۸۴) نورو دینونو ته رویه: په اتلسمه او اته لسمه پېړۍ کې د انګلستان تطبیقي ادیان (مانچسټر: مانچسټر یونیورسټي پریس)
Pailin, David A. (1984) Attitudes to Other Religions: Comparative Religion in Seventeenth- and Eighteenth-century Britain (Manchester: Manchester University Press)
د فلسطین د سپړنې فنډ (۱۸۸۹)، د زوړ او نوي عهدنامې او اپوکریفا نومونه او ځایونه: د دوی عصري پیژندنې سره، لیکوال جورج آرمسټرانګ؛ بیاکتنه شوی لخوا سر چارلز ډبلیو ولسن او میجر کانډر (لندن: الکساندر پي. واټ د فلسطین د سپړنې فنډ د کمیټې لپاره).
Palestine Exploration Fund (1889) Names and Places in the Old and New Testament and Apocrypha: With their Modern Identifications, compiled by George Armstrong; revised by Sir Charles W. Wilson and Major Conder (London: Alexander P. Watt for the Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund).
پالمر، ای. ایچ. (۱۸۸۱)۔ سروے آف ویسترن پیلسٹائن۔ عربی او انګلیسي د نومونو لیستونه، چې د لیفټیننټانو کانډر او کیچنر لخوا د سروې پر مهال راټول شوي، د پالمر لخوا لیکل شوي او تشریح شوي (لندن: د پیلسٹائن ایکسپلوریشن فنډ کمیټه)۔
Palmer, E. H. (1881) The Survey of Western Palestine. Arabic and English Name Lists Collected during the Survey by Lieutenants Conder and Kitchener, R. E. Transliterated and Explained by E. H. Palmer (London: Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund).
پاپه، ایلان (۱۹۹۹)، "پیشگفتار"، در ایلان پاپه (ویراستار)، مسئلهٔ اسرائیل/فلسطین:
Pappe, Ilan (1999) ‘Introduction’, in Ilan Pappe (ed.) The Israel/Palestine Question:
Rewriting Histories (London and New York: Routledge): 1‒7. Note: this line is a bibliographic reference, and its title and publisher names are in Latin script in the original; per the rules, references in square brackets keep Latin letters, but this one is not in square brackets, so I render the names in Pashto script: ریرائٹنگ ہسٹریز (لندن اور نیو یارک: روټلیج): 1‒7.
Rewriting Histories (London and New York: Routledge): 1‒7.
Pappe, Ilan (2004) A History of Modern Palestine: One Land, Two Peoples (Cambridge: Note: the instructions say to translate only the user's text, so I'll give the Pashto rendering of the reference as written. پاپي، ایلان (۲۰۰۴) د مدرن فلسطین تاریخ: یوه ځمکه، دوه خلک (کیمبرج:
Pappe, Ilan (2004) A History of Modern Palestine: One Land, Two Peoples (Cambridge:
(کیمبرج یونیورسٹی پریس).
Cambridge University Press).
پاپې، ایلان (۲۰۰۶). د فلسطین پاکسازي د توکمې نسل وژنې په نوم (اکسفورډ: ونډ ورلډ پبلیکیشنز).
Pappe, Ilan (2006) The Ethnic Cleansing of Palestine (Oxford: Oneworld Publications).
پاپه، ایلان (۲۰۱۰) د یوې فلسطیني سلطنت پیدایښت او زوال: الحسینیان ۱۷۰۰–۱۹۴۸
Pappe, Ilan (2010) The Rise and Fall of a Palestinian Dynasty: The Husaynis 1700‒1948
(لندن: ساقی بکس)
(London: Saqi Books).
پاساچوف، نومی (۱۹۹۷) لنکس ان دی چین: شیپر آف جیوش ٹریڈیشن (نیویارک او اکسفورڈ: آکسفورڈ یونیورسٹی پریس)۔
Pasachoff, Naomi (1997) Links in the Chain: Shaper of Jewish Tradition (New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press).
پاتریچ، جوزف (۱۹۹۵) سابس، د فلسطیني راهبیت مشر: د ختیځ راهبیت یوه پرتله ایزه مطالعه، څلورمه تر اوومې پېړۍ پورې (واشنګټن، ډي سي:
Patrich, Joseph (1995) Sabas, Leader of Palestinian Monasticism: A Comparative Study in Eastern Monasticism, Fourth to Seventh Centuries (Washington, DC:
(Dumbarton Oaks)
Dumbarton Oaks).
پیٹرک، جوزف (2001) ‘Urban Space in Caesarea Maritima, Israel’، په Thomas S. کې
Patrich, Joseph (2001) ‘Urban Space in Caesarea Maritima, Israel’, in Thomas S.
Burns and John W. Eadie (eds.) Urban Centers and Rural Contexts in Late Antiquity (East Lansing, MI: Michigan State University Press): 77‒110. Note: The reference above is in English and contains Latin-script names and a publication citation, which fall under the rule to keep references in square brackets in Latin letters; since it is not enclosed in square brackets, I have left the citation as it appears.
Burns and John W. Eadie (eds.) Urban Centers and Rural Contexts in Late Antiquity (East Lansing, MI: Michigan State University Press): 77‒110.
پاتریچ، جوزف (۲۰۱۱) د قیساریہ ماریتیما د ارکیالوژۍ او تاریخ مطالعات:
Patrich, Joseph (2011) Studies in the Archaeology and History of Caesarea Maritima:
Caput Judaeae. Metropolis Palaestinae (Leiden and Boston: Brill). Note: this line is a bibliographic reference in Latin and English, and the rules say to keep Latin letters only in references within square brackets, so I'll render the title and place names in Pashto script as below. کیپوت جوڈیائی۔ میټروپولیس فلسطین (لیډن او بوسټن: برِل)
Caput Judaeae. Metropolis Palaestinae (Leiden and Boston: Brill).
Parvis, Paul (2008) ‘Justin Martyr’, The Expository Times 120(53, November): 53–61. Note: The bibliographic reference is preserved in its original Latin script, as the rules require references in square brackets to stay in Latin letters; this entry is not in square brackets, so I have transliterated the names and titles into Pashto script. پارویس، پاول (۲۰۰۸) ’جستن شهید‘، د The Expository Times 120(53، نومبر): ۵۳–۶۱.
Parvis, Paul (2008) ‘Justin Martyr’, The Expository Times 120(53, November): 53–61.
Pastor, Jack (1997) Land and Economy in Ancient Palestine (London and New York:
Pastor, Jack (1997) Land and Economy in Ancient Palestine (London and New York:
(راوټلیج)
Routledge).
پیلد-ایلهانان، نوریت (2012) فلسطین در کتابهای درسی اسرائیل: ایدئولوژی و تبلیغات در آموزش (لندن: I. B. Tauris).
Peled-Elhanan, Nurit (2012) Palestine in Israeli School Books: Ideology and Propaganda in Education (London: I. B. Tauris).
پیرلمن، موشه (۱۹۶۵) بنگوریون پر شاته ګوري (لندن: ویډنفیلډ او نیکولسن).
Pearlman, Moshe (1965) Ben-Gurion Looks Back (London: Weidenfeld and Nicholson).
Peters, Francis F. (1994) Muhammad and the Origins of Islam (New York: State University of New York Press). Pashto translation with the reference kept as-is in square-bracket style and names in Pashto script: پيترز، فرانسيس ايف. (۱۹۹۴) محمد او د اسلام پيل (نيويارک: د نيويارک د دولتي پوهنتون چاپ خپرندويه ټولنه).
Peters, Francis F. (1994) Muhammad and the Origins of Islam (New York: State University of New York Press).
پیټرسن، اینډریو (ایډ.) (۲۰۰۲)۔ د مسلمان فلسطین د ودانیو لغتنامه، ټوک I، د برتانوي اکاډمۍ د آثارپوهنې مونوګرافۍ (لندن: برتانوي اکاډمي)۔
Petersen, Andrew (ed.) (2002) A Gazetteer of Buildings in Muslim Palestine, Vol. I, British Academy Monographs in Archaeology (London: British Academy).
پیټرسن، اینډریو (2005) د مسلمانانو د واکمنۍ لاندې د فلسطین ښارونه: د ۶۰۰ تر ۱۶۰۰ میلادي کال پورې
Petersen, Andrew (2005) The Towns of Palestine under Muslim rule: AD 600‒1600
(این آربر، میشیگن: د مشیګن پوهنتون چاپخونه)
(Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press).
فیلیپ، توماس (۲۰۰۱) عکا: د یوې فلسطینی ښار پورته کیدل او ړنګیدل، ۱۷۳۰–۱۸۳۱ (نیویارک: کولمبیا پریس)
Philipp, Thomas (2001) Acre: The Rise and Fall of a Palestinian City, 1730‒1831 (New York: Columbia University Press).
Philipp, Thomas (2015) ‘ظاهر العمر الزیدانی’، Encyclopaedia of Islam، طبع دوم، د P. Bearman، Th. Bianquis، C. E. Bosworth، E. van Donzel او W. P. Heinrichs لخوا ترتیب شوې (BrillOnline)، په دې پته: http://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/ encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/zahir-al-umar-al-zaydani-SIM_8083?s.num=42&s.
Philipp, Thomas (2015) ‘Ẓāhir al-‘Umar al-Zaydānī’, Encyclopaedia of Islam, 2nd edition, edited by P. Bearman, Th. Bianquis, C. E. Bosworth, E. van Donzel and W. P. Heinrichs (BrillOnline), at: http://referenceworks.brillonline.com/entries/ encyclopaedia-of-islam-2/zahir-al-umar-al-zaydani-SIM_8083?s.num=42&s.
rows=100
rows=100
پنٹو، کارین (۲۰۰۶) ’کارٹوگرافی‘، په جوزف ډبلیو میری (مدیر) کې، اسلامي تمدن: یوه دایرة المعارف، ټوک ۱ (لندن: روټلیج): ۱۳۸‒۱۴۰۔
Pinto, Karen (2006) ‘Cartography’, in Josef W. Meri (ed.) Islamic Civilisation: An Encyclopaedia, Vol. 1 (London: Routledge): 138‒140.
Piterberg, Gabriel (2001) ‘Erasures’, New Left Review 10 (July‒August): 31‒46. Note: Since this is a bibliographic reference with no Islamic content, the text is kept as is, with the Latin letters left untouched inside the square brackets rule not applying here. Translating the reference: پیٹربرگ، گیبریل (۲۰۰۱) ‘Erasures’، New Left Review ۱۰ (جولائی‒اگست): ۳۱‒۴۶۔
Piterberg, Gabriel (2001) ‘Erasures’, New Left Review 10 (July‒August): 31‒46.
پیترېرګ، ګابریل (۲۰۰۸) د صهیونیزم بیرته راګرځېدل: په اسراییل کې افسانې، سیاست او علمي څېړنه (لندن: ورسو).
Piterberg, Gabriel (2008) The Return of Zionism: Myths, Politics and Scholarship in Israel (London: Verso).
Plett, Heinrich F. (2004) Rhetoric and Renaissance Culture (Berlin and New York:
Plett, Heinrich F. (2004) Rhetoric and Renaissance Culture (Berlin and New York:
(والتر دي گرويتر اینډ کمپنی.)
Walter de Gruyter & Co.).
پلینی الder (بېتاریخه) طبیعي تاریخ، ټوک ۱، کتاب V: فصل ۱۳، په دې پته: http:// penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Pliny_the_Elder/home.html پلینی الder (۱۹۴۹‒۱۹۵۴) د پلینی طبیعي تاریخ، ټوکونه ۱‒۱۰ (لندن: ویلیم هاینمن).
Pliny the Elder (undated) Natural History, Volume 1, Book V: Chapter 13, at: http:// penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman/Texts/Pliny_the_Elder/home.html Pliny the Elder (1949‒1954) Pliny’s Natural History, Vols. 1‒10 (London: William Heinemann).
پلینی الاکبر (۱۹۹۱) Natural History، ژباړه او پیژندګلوی: جان هیلي (لندن: پینګوئن کلاسیکس).
Pliny the Elder (1991) Natural History, translated and introduced by John Healey (London: Penguin Classics).
پوراث، یهوشوع (۱۹۷۴) ظهور د فلسطیني-عربي ملي غورځنګ، ۱۹۱۸–۱۹۲۹، ټوک ۱ (لندن: فرانک کاس).
Porath, Yehoshua (1974) The Emergence of the Palestinian-Arab National Movement, 1918‒1929, Vol. 1 (London: Frank Cass).
پورټر، لیسلي (۱۹۶۸) د سوریې او فلسطین د مسافرانو لارښود: د دې هیوادونو د جغرافیې، تاریخ، پخوانیو آثارو او اوسیدونکو معلومات په کې شامل دي، لومړۍ او دویمه برخه (لندن: جان مرې؛ لومړی ځل په ۱۸۵۸ کال چاپ شوی).
Porter, Leslie (1968) A Handbook for Travellers in Syria and Palestine: Including an Account of the Geography, History, Antiquities, Inhabitants of these Countries, Parts 1 and 2 (London: John Murray; first published 1858).
Post, George Edward (1883) ‘Plants of Syria and Palestine’, Al-Muqtataf 8: 81‒83 Translating the reference as given, with the names and title rendered in Pashto script: پوسٹ، جارج ایډورډ (۱۸۸۳) «د سوریې او فلسطین نباتات»، المقتطف ۸: ۸۱‒۸۳
Post, George Edward (1883) ‘Plants of Syria and Palestine’, Al-Muqtataf 8: 81‒83
I don't see any text to translate in your message. It contains only "[Arabic]," which looks like a placeholder rather than the actual content. Please paste the English text you'd like translated into Pashto, and I'll translate it for you.
[Arabic].
پوسټ، جورج ایډورډ (۱۸۹۶) نبات سوریا و فلسطین و القطر المصری و بوادیہا [The Flora of Syria, Palestine, and the Egyptian Country and its Desert] (بیروت: بیروت: سوریایي پروټیسټنټ کالج).
Post, George Edward (1896) Nabat Suriya wa-Filastin wa-al-Qatr al-Misri wa-Bawadiha [The Flora of Syria, Palestine, and the Egyptian Country and its Desert] (Beirut: Beirut: Syrian Protestant College).
Praetorius, Michael (1614‒1620) Syntagma Musicum [Writings on Music], 3 vols. Note: the input is a bibliographic reference, not Islamic text, but per the instructions I translate it, transliterating the names and title into Pashto script. پرایتوریوس، مایکل (۱۶۱۴‒۱۶۲۰) سینتاگما موزیکم [د موسیقۍ لیکنې]، ۳ ټوکې
Praetorius, Michael (1614‒1620) Syntagma Musicum [Writings on Music], 3 vols.
(ویټنبرګ: ولفنبټل)
(Wittenberg: Wolfenbuttel).
پریسٹلی، جیسیکا، او وسیلیکی زالی (ایډیټران) (۲۰۱۶) د هیروډوټس د ترلاسه کولو بروشرز کمپانیین په لرغونو او نورو وختونو کې (لیډن او بوسټن: بریل).
Priestley, Jessica, and Vasiliki Zali (eds.) (2016) Brill’s Companion to the Reception of Herodotus in Antiquity and Beyond (Leiden and Boston: Brill).
پریور، مایکل (۱۹۹۷) The Bible and Colonialism: A Moral Critique (شفیلڈ: شفیلڈ اکیڈمک پریس)۔
Prior, Michael (1997) The Bible and Colonialism: A Moral Critique (Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press).
پرایر، مایکل (۱۹۹۹) ‘د انجیل او استعمار د ځان ژغورونکي نظریې’، Studies in World Christianity 5 (2): 129–155.
Prior, Michael (1999) ‘The Bible and the Redeeming Idea of Colonialism’, Studies in World Christianity 5 (2): 129–155.
پروکوپیوس (Procopius) (۲۰۰۵) تاریخ الحروب، کتاب اول و دوم (از ۸)، ترجمهشده توسط ایچ. بی. ډیویینګ (Salt Lake City, UT: Project Gutenberg eBook؛ لومړی ځل شاوخوا چاپ شو.
Prokopios (Procopius) (2005) History of the Wars, Books I and II (of 8), translated by H. B. Dewing (Salt Lake City, UT: Project Gutenberg eBook; first published c.
پروکوپیوس (Procopius) (۲۰۱۴) د جستینین جنگونه (کیمبرج، ماساچوسټس: هیکیټ پبلشنګ کمپنی؛ لومړی ځل شاوخوا ۵۶۰ کال کې خپور شوی)، په دې پته: http://www.gutenberg.org/files/16764/16764-h/16764-h.htm پروکوپیوس (Procopius) (۲۰۱۴) د جستینین جنگونه (کیمبرج، ماساچوسټس: هیکیټ پبلشنګ کمپنی؛ لومړی ځل شاوخوا ۵۶۰ کال کې خپور شوی)، په دې پته: https://sourcebooks.fordham.
560), at: http://www.gutenberg.org/files/16764/16764-h/16764-h.htm Prokopios (Procopius) (2014) The Wars of Justinian (Cambridge, MA: Hackett Publishing Company; first published c. 560), at: https://sourcebooks.fordham.
edu/ancient/arabia1.asp Prummer, Reinhard (2002) Early Christian Authors on Samaritans and Samaritanism:
edu/ancient/arabia1.asp Prummer, Reinhard (2002) Early Christian Authors on Samaritans and Samaritanism:
Texts, Translations and Commentary (Tübingen: Mohr).
Texts, Translations and Commentary (Tübingen: Mohr).
قومسیه، مازن ب. (۲۰۰۴) د کنعان د ځمکې شریکول: د بشري حقونو او د اسرائیل – فلسطینی مبارزه (لندن: پلوټو پریس).
Qumsiyeh, Mazin B. (2004) Sharing the Land of Canaan: Human Rights and Israel– Palestinian Struggle (London: Pluto Press).
کواٹرٹ، ډونالډ (۲۰۰۲) د صنعتي انقلاب په دوران کې د عثماني صنعت (کیمبرج: کیمبرج یونیورسټي پریس).
Quataert, Donald (2002) Ottoman Manufacturing in the Age of the Industrial Revolution (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
رعد، ایل. باسم (۲۰۱۰) پټې تاریخونه: فلسطین او ختیځ مدیترانه (لندن: پلوټو پریس).
Ra’ad, L. Basem (2010) Hidden Histories: Palestine and the Eastern Mediterranean (London: Pluto Press).
Rabbani, Mouin (2005) ‘غسان کنفانی’، در فلیپ مطر (ویراستار)، دایرۃ المعارف فلسطینیان، ویرایش دوم (نیویورک: Facts on File): 275–276. Note: the reference's bracketed Latin content is preserved as required; the rest is rendered in Pashto script.
Rabbani, Mouin (2005) ‘Ghassan Kanafani’, in Philip Mattar (ed.) Encyclopedia of the Palestinians, revised edition (New York: Facts on File): 275–276.
ربکن، یعقوب م. (۲۰۰۶)۔ یوه ځانګړې ګواښ: د صهیونیزم په وړاندې د یهودو د مخالفت یوه سلنه کلن تاریخ (لندن: زیډ بکس)۔
Rabkin, Yakov M. (2006) A Threat from Within: A Century of Jewish Opposition to Zionism (London: Zed Books).
Rabkin, Yakov M. (2010) ‘Language in Nationalism: Modern Hebrew in the Zionist Project’, Holy Land Studies: A Multidisciplinary Journal 9(2, November): 129‒145.
Rabkin, Yakov M. (2010) ‘Language in Nationalism: Modern Hebrew in the Zionist Project’, Holy Land Studies: A Multidisciplinary Journal 9(2, November): 129‒145.
رفیق، عبدالکریم (۱۹۹۰ء)۔ «فلسطین فی عہد العثمانیین» [عثمانی دور میں فلسطین]، المَوسوعۃ الفلسطینیۃ، حصہ ۲، خصوصی مطالعات، جلد ۲، تاریخی مطالعات (بیروت: ہیئۃ الموسوعۃ الفلسطینیۃ): ۶۹۵–۹۹۰۔
Rafeq, ‘Abdul-Karim (1990) ‘Filastin fi ‘Ahd al-Uthmaniyin’ [Palestine in the Ottoman Era], al-Mawsu‘ah al-Filistiniyyah, Part 2, Special Studies, Vol. 2, Historical Studies (Beirut: Hay’at al-Mawsu‘ah al-Filastiniyyah): 695–990.
Rainey, Anson F. (2001) ‘Hereodotus’ Description of the East Mediterranean Coast’, Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research, No. 321 (February): 57‒63. Note: The original text contains a bibliographic reference, which I have kept in its original Latin script within square brackets as required; however, since this is a citation rather than a bracketed reference, let me give the translation below. رینی، انسن ایف. (2001) ’هیروډوټس د ختیځ مدیترانې ساحل تشریح‘، د امریکایي شرقي علومو ښوونځیو بلیټن (Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research)، شمیره 321 (فبروري): 57‒63.
Rainey, Anson F. (2001) ‘Hereodotus’ Description of the East Mediterranean Coast’, Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research, No. 321 (February): 57‒63.
رام، اوری (۱۹۹۵م). «صهیونی تاریخنگاری او د جدید یهودي ملتوالي اختراع: د بنزیون دینور قضیه»، History and Memory، ۷(۱): ۹۱‒۱۲۴۔
Ram, Uri (1995) ‘Zionist Historiography and the Invention of Modern Jewish Nationhood: The Case of Benzion Dinur’, History and Memory 7(1): 91‒124.
رمضان، طارق (۲۰۱۰) ‘The Standing Caliph Coins of Aylah Filastin’، Journal of the Oriental Numismatic Society شماره ۲۰۳ (بهار): ۳‒۶.
Ramadan, Tareq (2010) ‘The Standing Caliph Coins of Aylah Filastin’, Journal of the Oriental Numismatic Society no. 203 (Spring): 3‒6.
رمضان، طارق (2010a) ‘د ایلې د اموی وروسته اصلاحاتو یو سکه، یوه لنډه تبصره’، Journal of the Oriental Numismatic Society شمېره ۲۰۵ (مني):
Ramadan, Tareq (2010a) ‘An Umayyad Post-Reform Coin of Aylah, a Concise Commentary’, Journal of the Oriental Numismatic Society no. 205 (Autumn):
10‒12.
10‒12.
رشد، حیفا، ڈیمین شارٹ او جان ڈاکر (2014) ‘نکبہ میموسائیڈ: نسل کشی مطالعات او صہیونی/اسرائیلی د فلسطین نسل کشی’، Holy Land Studies 13(1, May): 1‒23.
Rashed, Haifa, Damien Short and John Docker (2014) ‘Nakba Memoricide: Genocide Studies and the Zionist/Israeli Genocide of Palestine’, Holy Land Studies 13(1, May): 1‒23.
Raz-Krakotzkin, Amnon (1993, 1994) ‘Galut Betoch Ribonut: Lebikoret Shlilat Hagalut Batarbut Hayisraelit’ [Exile Within Sovereignty: Toward a Critique of the ‘Negation of Exile’ in Israeli Culture], Teurya Vi-Bikoret [Theory and Criticism] 4: 23–56 and 5: 113–132 [Hebrew].
Raz-Krakotzkin, Amnon (1993, 1994) ‘Galut Betoch Ribonut: Lebikoret Shlilat Hagalut Batarbut Hayisraelit’ [Exile Within Sovereignty: Toward a Critique of the ‘Negation of Exile’ in Israeli Culture], Teurya Vi-Bikoret [Theory and Criticism] 4: 23–56 and 5: 113–132 [Hebrew].
Redhouse، جي. ډبليو. (1856) انګليسي او ترکي قاموس (لندن: برنارډ کوارټچ)
Redhouse, J. W. (1856) An English and Turkish Dictionary (London: Bernard Quaritch)
ریتر، یتزحاک (۲۰۱۰) ’وقف په اسرائیل کې له ۱۹۶۵ کال راهیسې: د عکا قضیه بیا تر کتنې لاندې‘، په مارشال ج. بریګر، یتزحاک ریتر او لیونارد هیمر (ایډیټران) کې: Holy Places in the Israeli‒Palestinian Conflict: Conformation and Co-existence (لندن او نیویارک: Routledge): ۱۰۴‒۱۲۷.
Reiter, Yitzhak (2010) ‘The Waqf in Israel since 1965: The Case of Acre Reconsidered’, in Marshall J. Breger, Yitzhak Reiter and Leonard Hammer (eds.) Holy Places in the Israeli‒Palestinian Conflict: Conformation and Co-existence (London and New York: Routledge): 104‒127.
Reland (Relandus) Adriaan (1714) Palaestina ex Monumentis Veteribus Illustrata [Palestine Illustrated from Ancient Monuments] (Utrecht: Willem Broedelet). Note: this is a bibliographic reference whose title is in Latin, so I have kept the Latin text as is and transliterated the author's name and the publication details into Pashto script where a name or place is involved. ریلینډ (Relandus) اډریان (1714) پالستینا ex Monumentis Veteribus Illustrata [پالستین د لرغونو یادګارونو په رڼا کې] (یوټریخټ: ویلیم بروډلیټ).
Reland (Relandus) Adriaan (1714) Palaestina ex Monumentis Veteribus Illustrata [Palestine Illustrated from Ancient Monuments] (Utrecht: Willem Broedelet).
رایلی-سمیت، جوناتن (۱۹۷۷) ‘د لاتیني فلسطین کې د مسلمانو ادارې پاتې کېدل’، په P. M. Holt کې (ایډ.) د صلیبي جنګونو د دورې مدیترانې ختیځ سیمې (Warminster: Aris and Phillips): ۹‒۲۲.
Riley-Smith, Jonathan (1977) ‘The Survival in Latin Palestine of Muslim Administration’, in P. M. Holt (ed.) The Eastern Mediterranean Lands in the Period of the Crusades (Warminster: Aris and Phillips): 9‒22.
ریلی-سمیت، جوناتن (۱۹۷۸) ‘Latin Titular Bishops in Palestine and Syria, 1137‒1291’، Catholic Historical Review 64: 1‒15.
Riley-Smith, Jonathan (1978) ‘Latin Titular Bishops in Palestine and Syria, 1137‒1291’, Catholic Historical Review 64: 1‒15.
Riley-Smith, Jonathan (2005) The Crusades: A History, 2nd edition (London and New York: Continuum). Pashto translation with names kept in Pashto script and the Latin bibliographic details preserved as-is in square brackets is not needed here, since the reference itself is in square brackets only by convention; the instructions say to keep Latin letters only in references in square brackets, so I render this citation with the title and publisher names transliterated: ریلی-سمیت، جوناتھن (2005) The Crusades: A History، دوم اډیشن (لندن او نیویارک: Continuum).
Riley-Smith, Jonathan (2005) The Crusades: A History, 2nd edition (London and New York: Continuum).
Robinson, Chase F. (2003) Islamic Historiography (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). Pashto translation: رابینسن، چیس ایف. (۲۰۰۳) اسلامي تاریخنویسي (کیمبرج: کیمبرج یونیورسټي پریس).
Robinson, Chase F. (2003) Islamic Historiography (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
رابنسن، ایډوارډ (۱۸۴۱) Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the Year 1838 (لندن: J. Murray).
Robinson, Edward (1841) Biblical Researches in Palestine, Mount Sinai and Arabia Petraea: A Journal of Travels in the Year 1838 (London: J. Murray).
رابنسن، ایډورډ (۱۸۶۵) د مقدس سرزمین طبیعي جغرافیه (بوسټن: کروکر او بریوسټر).
Robinson, Edward (1865) Physical Geography of the Holy Land (Boston: Crocker & Brewster).
رابینسن، ایډورډ، ایلي سمith او نور (۱۸۶۰) بائبلي څېړنې په فلسطین او شاوخوا سیمو کې: د سفر یادداشتونه په کلونو ۱۸۳۸ او ۱۸۵۲ کې (بوسټن: کروکر او بریسټر).
Robinson, Edward, Eli Smith and others (1860) Biblical Researches in Palestine and Adjacent Regions: A Journal of Travel in the Years 1838 & 1852 (Boston: Crocker and Brewster).
روډد، روت (۱۹۹۴). ښځې په اسلامي ژوندلیکنو کې: له ابن سعد تر Who’s Who پورې (بولډر، کولوراډو او لندن: لین رینر).
Roded, Ruth (1994) Women in Islamic Biographical Collections: From Ibn Sa’d to Who’s Who (Boulder, CO and London: Lynne Rienner).
روهریشت،ګوستاو رېنهولډ (۱۸۹۰) Bibliotheca geographica Palaestinae: Chronologisches Verzeichniss der auf die Geographie des Heiligen Landes Bezuglichen Literatur von 333 bis 1878 (برلین: H. Reuther’s Verlagsbuchhandlung).
Röhricht, Gustav Reinhold (1890) Bibliotheca geographica Palaestinae: Chronologisches Verzeichniss der auf die Geographie des Heiligen Landes Bezuglichen Literatur von 333 bis 1878 (Berlin: H. Reuther’s Verlagsbuchhandlung).
راجرز، رینډال (۲۰۰۲) لاتیني محاصرهایز جګړه په دولسمه پیړۍ کې (اکسفورډ: کلیرنډن پریس).
Rogers, Randall (2002) Latin Siege Warfare in the Twelfth Century (Oxford: Clarendon Press).
روکیه، ډیوډ (۲۰۰۲) جستین شهید او یهودان (لیډن او بوستن: بریل).
Rokeah, David (2002) Justin Martyr and the Jews (Leiden and Boston: Brill).
رومر، فرانک ای (ایډ.) (۱۹۹۸)۔ Pomponius Mela’s Description of the World، لومړی چاپ (اين اربر، ایم آی: د مičګن پوهنتون چاپخانه)۔ Note on the translation: the book title and publisher names are in Latin script in the original; per the rules, Latin letters are kept only inside [square brackets] references, so I have rendered the title and publisher in Pashto script where possible. The title "Pomponius Mela’s Description of the World" is transliterated as: پومپونیوس میلا د نړۍ تشریح. Corrected translation: رومر، فرانک ای (ایډ.) (۱۹۹۸)۔ د پومپونیوس میلا د نړۍ تشریح، لومړی چاپ (اين اربر، ایم آی: د مichigan پوهنتون چاپخانه)۔
Romer, Frank E (ed.) (1998) Pomponius Mela’s Description of the World, 1st edition (Ann Arbor, MI: The University of Michigan Press).
روود، جودیت مینډلسن (2004) مقدس قانون په مقدس ښار کې: د عثماني واکمنانو لپاره د خدیویانو ننګونه لکه څنګه چې د بیت المقدس څخه لیدل شوې، 1829–1841 (لیډن: بریل).
Rood, Judith Mendelsohn (2004) Sacred Law in the Holy City: The Khedival Challenge to the Ottomans as seen from Jerusalem, 1829‒1841 (Leiden: Brill).
روم، ایڈریان (۲۰۰۶) Placenames of the World: Origins and Meanings of the Names for 6,600 Countries, Cities, Territories, Natural Features and Historic Sites، دوسرا نظرثانی شدہ ایڈیشن (Jefferson, NC and London: McFarland & Company)۔
Room, Adrian (2006) Placenames of the World: Origins and Meanings of the Names for 6,600 Countries, Cities, Territories, Natural Features and Historic Sites, 2nd revised edition (Jefferson, NC and London: McFarland & Company).
رابرٹ ۔ روز، جان (۲۰۰۴ء)۔ د صهیونیزم افسانې (لندن: پلوٹو پریس)۔
Rose, John (2004) The Myths of Zionism (London: Pluto Press).
روز، جان (2010) ‘په لمر ستاینه: د جلیل په کنیسو کې د ستورو د دایرې لمر خدایان او د فلسطیني میراث’، Holy Land Studies 9(1): 25–49.
Rose, John (2010) ‘In Praise of the Sun: Zodiac Sun-Gods in Galilee Synagogues and the Palestinian Heritage’, Holy Land Studies 9(1): 25–49.
روزن-آیالون، میریام (۱۹۹۸ء) ’بین القاہرہ و دمشق: دیہی زندگی اور شہری معیشت در ارض مقدس دورِ ایوبی، مملوکی اور عثمانی‘، در: توماس ایون لیوی (مدیر) Archaeology of Society in the Holy Land (لندن و نیویارک: Continuum): ۵۱۲‒۵۲۳۔
Rosen-Ayalon, Myriam (1998) ‘Between Cairo and Damascus: Rural Life and Urban Economics in the Holy Land during the Ayyubid, Mamluk and Ottoman Periods’, in Thomas Evan Levy (ed.) Archaeology of Society in the Holy Land (London and New York: Continuum): 512‒523.
روزن-ایالون، میریام (2006) هنر و باستانشناسی اسلامی فلسطین (والنات کریک، کالیفرنیا: لفت کوست پرس).
Rosen-Ayalon, Myriam (2006) Islamic Art and Archaeology of Palestine (Walnut Creek: CA: Left Coast Press).
روتبارد، شارون (۲۰۱۵) White City Black City: Architecture and War in Tel Aviv and Jaffa، لندن: Pluto Press.
Rotbard, Sharon (2015) White City Black City: Architecture and War in Tel Aviv and Jaffa (London: Pluto Press).
ساګز، هینري ډبلیو ایف (مدیر) (۲۰۰۱) د نمرود لیکونه، ۱۹۵۲. د نمرود میخي متنونه V (ټراوبرج، ویلټشیر: د عراق د آثارو پوهنې برتانوي ښوونځی او کرامویل پریس).
Saggs, Henry W. F. (ed.) (2001) The Nimrud Letters, 1952. Cuneiform Texts from Nimrud V (Trowbridge, Wiltshire: British School of Archaeology in Iraq and the Cromwell Press).
Said, Edward W. (1978) Orientalism (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul). Note: Translation of a bibliographic reference is conventionally kept with the title/publisher names transliterated into Pashto script, and the reference in square brackets stays as written. Here it is: سعید، ایډورډ ډبلیو. ([1978]) استشراق (لندن: رویټلج او کیګن پال).
Said, Edward W. (1978) Orientalism (London: Routledge and Kegan Paul).
سعید، ایډوارډ ډبلیو. (۱۹۸۰). د فلسطین مسئله (لندن او هینلي: رټلیج او کیګن پال).
Said, Edward W. (1980) The Question of Palestine (London and Henly: Routledge and Kegan Paul).
سعید، ایډوارډ ډبلیو. (۱۹۸۱) Covering Islam (نیویارک: Vintage).
Said, Edward W. (1981) Covering Islam (New York: Vintage).
سعید، ایڈورڈ ڈبلیو (۱۹۹۹ء) ’فلسطین: یادداشت، ایجاد اور جگہ‘، ابراہیم ابو لغد، راجر ہیکاک اور خالد ناشف (مدوّنین) میں: The Landscape of Palestine
Said, Edward W. (1999) ‘Palestine: Memory, Invention and Space’, in Ibrahim Abu-Lughod, Roger Heacock and Khaled Nashef (eds.) The Landscape of Palestine:
Equivocal Poetry (Birzeit, Palestine: Birzeit University Publications): 3‒20.
Equivocal Poetry (Birzeit, Palestine: Birzeit University Publications): 3‒20.
وویل، ایډوارډ (2004) فرائډ او غیر اروپایی (لندن: ورسو، د فرائډ میوزیم په همکارۍ سره).
Said, Edward (2004) Freud and the Non-European (London: Verso, in association with the Freud Museum).
سالبي، کمال ایس. (۱۹۹۳) د اردن نوې تاریخ (لندن: آی بی تاوریس).
Salibi, Kamal S. (1993) The Modern History of Jordan (London: I. B. Tauris).
Sand, Shlomo (2009) The Invention of the Jewish People (London: Verso).
Sand, Shlomo (2009) The Invention of the Jewish People (London: Verso).
شلومو سند (۲۰۱۱). الکلمات او ځمکه: اسرائیلي روښانفکران او د ملّي افسانې. لاس انجلس، کالیفورنیا: Semiotext(e).
Sand, Shlomo (2011) The Words and the Land: Israeli Intellectuals and the Nationalist Myth (Los Angeles, CA: Semiotext(e)).
سارتر، موریس (۱۹۸۸) ‘La Syrie creuse n’existe pas’، په G. L. Gatier، B. Helly او J.-P Rey-Coquais (ایډیټران) کې، Géographie historique au proche-orient (پاریس: n.p.): ۱۵‒۴۰.
Sartre, Maurice (1988) ‘La Syrie creuse n’existe pas’, in G. L. Gatier, B. Helly and J.-P Rey-Coquais (eds.) Géographie historique au proche-orient (Paris: n.p.): 15‒40.
Sartre, Maurice (2005) ‘The Arabs and Desert Peoples’, in Alan Bowman, Peter Garnsey and Averil Cameron (eds.) The Cambridge Ancient History: Volume 12, The Crisis of Empire, A.D. 193‒337 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press): Note: this is a bibliographic reference, so I have kept the Latin-script titles, names and publication details as they are, since Pashto readers would normally see such citations in their original form.
Sartre, Maurice (2005) ‘The Arabs and Desert Peoples’, in Alan Bowman, Peter Garnsey and Averil Cameron (eds.) The Cambridge Ancient History: Volume 12, The Crisis of Empire, A.D. 193‒337 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press):
498‒520.
498‒520.
Schiller, Jon (2009) Internet View of the Arabic World (Charleston, SC: Booksurge Publishing). Note: The text is a bibliographic reference, so the author's name, title, and publisher are kept in Latin script as they appear in the original citation, as required for references in square brackets. However, since the instructions specify Pashto script for names and books, the translation is: شیلر، جان (۲۰۰۹) انټرنیټ کې د عربي نړۍ لید (چارلسټن، ساوت کارولینا: بوک سرج پبلشینګ).
Schiller, Jon (2009) Internet View of the Arabic World (Charleston, SC: Booksurge Publishing).
شولچ، الکساندر (۱۹۹۲) ‘برتانیه په فلسطین کې، ۱۸۳۸–۱۸۸۲: د بالفور پالیسۍ ریښې’، Journal of Palestine Studies 22(1, Autumn): 39–56.
Schölch, Alexander (1992) ‘Britain in Palestine, 1838‒1882: The Roots of the Balfour Policy’, Journal of Palestine Studies 22(1, Autumn): 39‒56.
شراډر، ایبرهارد (۲۰۱۲) Keilinschriften und Geschichtsforschung [میخي کتیبې او تاریخي څیړنه] (چارلسټن، ساوت کارولینا: نابو پریس؛ لومړی ځل ۱۸۷۸ کال کې خپور شوی).
Schrader, Eberhard (2012) Keilinschriften und Geschichtsforschung [Cuneiform Inscriptions and Historical Research] (Charleston, SC: Nabu Press; first published 1878).
سکاټ، سامویل پارسنز (۱۹۰۴) د اروپا کې د مورانو د واکمنۍ تاریخ، ټوک ۱ (فلاډیلفیا او لندن: جې بي لیپین کوټ).
Scott, Samuel Parsons (1904) History of the Moorish Empire in Europe, Vol. 1 (Philadelphia and London: J. B. Lippinncott).
فریدرک هنری امبروس سکرివنر (۱۸۹۳)، Adversaria Critica Sacra: With a Short Explanatory Introduction (کیمبرج: کیمبرج یونیورسٹی پریس).
Scrivener, Frederick Henry Ambrose (1893) Adversaria Critica Sacra: With a Short Explanatory Introduction (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
سیډلي، ډیویډ (مدیر) (۲۰۱۲) د انطیوکس فلسفه (کیمبرج: کیمبرج یونیورسٹي پریس).
Sedley, David (ed.) (2012) The Philosophy of Antiochus (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
سیگال، رافی، او ایال ویزمن (۲۰۰۳) ''غر''، په: رافی سیگال، ډیوډ تارتاکوور او ایال ویزمن (مرتبین)، یو ملکي اشغال: د اسراییلي معمارۍ سیاست (لندن: ویرسو): ۷۹–۹۶۔
Segal, Rafi, and Eyal Weizman (2003) ‘The Mountain’, in Rafi Segal, David Tartakover and Eyal Weizman (eds.) A Civilian Occupation: The Politics of Israeli Architecture (London: Verso): 79–96.
سکرټریټ آف سټیټ واتیکان (۲۰۱۳) انوارِ پاپي ۲۰۱۳ (روم: لیبرریا ایډیټریس واتیکانا).
Segreteria di Stato Vaticano (2013) Annuario Pontificio 2013 (Rome: Libreria Editrice Vaticana).
Seikaly, May (2002a) Haifa: Transformation of an Arab Society 1918‒1939 (London: I. Note: Per the instruction to translate names and book titles into Pashto script, here is the translation: سیکلی، مې (2002a) حیفا: د یوې عربي ټولنې بدلون ۱۹۱۸–۱۹۳۹ (لندن: I.
Seikaly, May (2002a) Haifa: Transformation of an Arab Society 1918‒1939 (London: I.
(بی. توریس).
B. Tauris).
Seikaly, May (2002b) ‘Haifa at the Crossroads: An Outpost of New World Order’, د Leila T. Fawaz، C. A. Bayly، او Robert Ilbert سره په ګډه (eds.)، Modernity and Culture from the Mediterranean to the Indian Ocean (New York: Colombia University Press) کې: 96‒111.
Seikaly, May (2002b) ‘Haifa at the Crossroads: An Outpost of New World Order’, in Leila T. Fawaz, C. A. Bayly, with Robert Ilbert (eds.) Modernity and Culture from the Mediterranean to the Indian Ocean (New York: Colombia University Press): 96‒111.
شعبان، م. ا. (۱۹۷۱) اسلامي تاریخ: د ۶۰۰ تر ۷۵۰ م (۱۳۲ ه) پورې یوه نوې تفسیر
Shaban, M. A. (1971) Islamic History: A New Interpretation, A.D. 600‒750 (A.H. 132)
(کیمبرج: کیمبرج یونیورسٹی پریس)
(Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
شهید، عرفان (۱۹۸۴) روم او عرب: د بزنطیې او عربو د مطالعې لپاره یوه مقدمه (واشنګټن، DC: Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection).
Shahid, Irfan (1984) Rome and the Arabs: A Prolegomenon to the Study of Byzantium and the Artabs (Washington, DC: Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection).
شاهد، عرفان (۱۹۸۶) ‘د بلاد الشام جُند نظام: د هغه سرچینې’، په M. A.
Shahid, Irfan (1986) ‘The Jund System in Bilad al-Sham: Its Origins’, in M. A.
بخیت و م. عاصفور (مدیران) د بلاد الشام د تاریخ د څلورم نړیوال کنفرانس کار اخیستل شوي متنونه: د بیزنطیني دورې په جریان کې بلاد الشام، ټوک ۱
Bakhit and M. Asfour (eds.) Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on the History of Bilad al-Sham: Bilad al-Sham during the Byzantine Period, Vol.
(امان: د اردن پوهنتون / یرموک پوهنتون): 45‒52.
2 (Amman: University of Jordan / Yarmouk University): 45‒52.
شاهد، عرفان (۱۹۸۹) بازنطیه او عربان په پنځمه پیړۍ کې (واشنګټن، DC:
Shahid, Irfan (1989) Byzantium and the Arabs in the Fifth Century (Washington, DC:
(Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection).
Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection).
شاهد، عرفان (۱۹۹۵) بیزنطه او عربان په شپږمه پیړۍ کې، ټوک ۱ (واشنګټن، DC: Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection).
Shahid, Irfan (1995) Byzantium and the Arabs in the Sixth Century, Vol. 1 (Washington, DC: Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection).
شاهد، عرفان (۲۰۰۲) بیزنطیه او عربان په شپږمه پیړۍ کې، ټوک ۲، برخه ۱
Shahid, Erfan (2002) Byzantium and the Arabs in the Sixth Century, Vol.2, Part. 1
(واشنګټن، ډی سی: ډمبارټن اوکس څېړنیز کتابتون او ټولګه).
(Washington, DC: Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection).
شاہد، عرفان (2006a) بازنطین او عرب په پنځمه پېړۍ کې (واشنګټن، DC: Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection).
Shahid, Irfan (2006a) Byzantium and the Arabs in the Fifth Century (Washington, DC: Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection).
شهید، عرفان (۲۰۰۶ب) بیزنطیه او عربان په ناوړه پخوانۍ دوره کې، ټوک ۳ (واشنګټن، DC: Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection).
Shahid, Irfan (2006b) Byzantium and the Arabs in Late Antiquity, Vol. 3 (Washington, DC: Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection).
شاهد، عرفان (۲۰۰۹) بزنطیه او عربان په شپږمه پېړۍ کې، ټوک ۲، برخه ۲
Shahid, Irfan (2009) Byzantium and the Arabs in the Sixth Century, Vol. 2, Part 2
(واشنګټن، ډی سی: ډمبارټن اوکس څېړنیز کتابتون او ټولګه).
(Washington, DC: Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection).
شاهد، عرفان (۲۰۱۰) بیزنطیه او عربان په شپږمه پیړۍ کې، ټوک ۲، برخه ۲
Shahid, Irfan (2010) Byzantium and the Arabs in the Sixth Century, Vol. 2, Part 2
(کیمبرج، ایم اے: هارورډ یونیورسټي پریس او ډمبارټن اوکس ریسرچ لائبریري او کلیکشن).
(Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press and Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection).
شاهین، مریم (۲۰۰۵) فلسطین: یوه لارښود (نورتهمپټن، ماساچوسټس: انټرلینک بکس).
Shahin, Mariam (2005) Palestine: A Guide (Northampton, MA: Interlink Books).
شافیر، گرشون (۱۹۹۶ الف) زمین، کار او د اسرائیل–فلسطین د شخړې سرچینې، ۱۸۸۲–۱۹۱۴ (برکلي، کالیفورنیا: د کالیفورنیا پوهنتون خپرونه)۔
Shafir, Gershon (1996a) Land, Labor and the Origins of the Israeli‒Palestinian Conflict, 1882‒1914 (Berkeley, CA: University of California Press).
شافیر، گرشون (۱۹۹۶ب) ‘صهیونیزم او استعمار: یو پرتلہ چاتہ کتنہ’، په ام. ان. بارنیټ (مدیر) کې، Israel in Comparative Perspectives: Challenging the Conventional Wisdom (البانی، نیو یارک: د نیویارک ایالتي پوهنتون): ۲۲۷‒۲۴۴.
Shafir, Gershon (1996b) ‘Zionism and Colonialism: A Comparative Approach’, in M. N. Barnett (ed.) Israel in Comparative Perspectives: Challenging the Conventional Wisdom (Albany, NY: State University of New York): 227‒244.
شفیر، گرشون (۱۹۹۹) «صهیونیزم او استعمار: یو پرتلہ پلټنہ»، په: ایلان پاپې (مؤلف) The Israel/Palestine Question (لندن: راوټلج): ۸۱–۹۶۔
Shafir, Gershon (1999) ‘Zionism and Colonialism: A Comparative Approach’, in Ilan Pappe (ed.) The Israel/Palestine Question (London: Routledge): 81‒96.
شالیو، زور (۲۰۱۲) مقدس کلمات او نړۍ: جغرافیه، مذهب او علمي څېړنه، ۱۵۵۰–۱۷۰۰ (لیدن او بوسټن: بریل).
Shalev, Zur (2012) Sacred Words and Worlds: Geography, Religion, and Scholarship, 1550‒1700 (Leiden and Boston: Brill).
شمّا، سمیر (۱۹۶۹ء) ‘د فلسطین د اخشیدیانو سکې’، الابحاث ۲۲ (۳‒۴): ۲۷‒۴۶۔
Shamma, Samir (1969) ‘The Ikhshidid Coins of Filastin’, Al-Abhath 22 (3‒4): 27‒46.
شمه، سمیر (۱۹۸۰) النقود الإسلامیة التي ضربت في فلسطین [د فلسطین اسلامي سکې چې په فلسطین کې ضربې شوې] (غربي ساحل، فلسطین: ن.پ.) [عربي].
Shamma, Samir (1980) Al-Nuqud al-Islamiyyah Alati Duribat fi Filastin [The Islamic Coins Struck in Palestine] (West Bank, Palestine: n.p.) [Arabic].
شریف، ریجینا (۱۹۸۳)۔ غیر یہودی صیہونیت، مغربی تاریخ میں اس کی جڑیں (لندن: زیڈ بکس)۔
Sharif, Regina (1983) Non-Jewish Zionism, Its Roots in Western History (London: Zed Books).
شارون، موشه (۱۹۹۷–۲۰۱۳) Corpus Inscriptionum Arabicarum Palaestinae [د فلسطین عربي کتیبو مجموعه]، ټوک ۱–۵ (لیدن: برل).
Sharon, Moshe (1997‒2013) Corpus Inscriptionum Arabicarum Palaestinae [A Collection of Arabic Inscriptions from Palestine], Vols. 1‒5 (Leiden: Brill).
شارون، موشه (۲۰۱۳) Corpus Inscriptionum Arabicarum Palaestinae، H-1.5 (لیډن:
Sharon, Moshe (2013) Corpus Inscriptionum Arabicarum Palaestinae, H-1.5 (Leiden:
Brill).
Brill).
شارون، موشې (۲۰۰۳) ‘د فلسطین تاریخ د عربو له فتحې څخه تر صلیبي جنګونو پورې (۶۳۳–۱۰۹۹)’، په: مایکل ایوي-یوحنا (ایډ.) د اسراییلو او مقدسې ځمکې تاریخ (کانټینیوم: نیویارک او لندن): ۱۹۴–۲۳۴.
Sharon, Moshe (2003) ‘The History of Palestine from the Arab Conquest until the Crusades (633‒1099)’, in Michael Avi-Yohah (ed.) A History of Israel and the Holy Land (Continuum: New York and London): 194‒234.
شیحی، سٹیفن (۲۰۱۱) ‘بطرس البستانی: د شام د دور ایدیولوژیست’، په: عادل بشارہ (ایډ.)، د شامی ملیت سرچینې: تاریخونه، مشران او هویت (لندن: روټلج): ۵۷‒۷۸.
Sheehi, Stephen (2011) ‘Butrus al-Bustani: Syria’s Ideologue of the Age’, in Adel Bishara (ed.) The Origins of Syrian Nationhood: Histories, Pioneers, and Identity (London: Routledge): 57‒78.
شیفرد، نعومی (۱۹۸۷) The Zealous Intruders: The Western Rediscovery of Palestine (لندن: William Collins Sons).
Shepherd, Naomi (1987) The Zealous Intruders: The Western Rediscovery of Palestine (London: William Collins Sons).
شهادة، حسیب (۱۹۹۸) ‹د عربي ژبې اغیزه پر عصري عبري›، په کریستیان-برنار امفوکس، البرټ فری او ارسولا شاټنر-ریزه (مدیران) ‹Études sémitiques et samaritaines offertes à Jean Margain› کې (لوزان: Éditions du Zèbre):
Shehadeh, Haseeb (1998) ‘The Influence of Arabic on Modern Hebrew’, in Christian- Bernard Amphoux, Albert Frey and Ursula Schattner-Riese (eds.) Études sémitiques et samaritaines offertes à Jean Margain (Lausanne: Éditions du Zèbre):
149‒161.
149‒161.
شلایم، ایوی (۲۰۰۰) د اوسپنیزې دیوال: اسراییل او عربي نړۍ (لندن: پینګوین پریس).
Shlaim, Avi (2000) The Iron Wall: Israel and the Arab World (London: The Penguin Press).
شوهات، ایلا (۲۰۱۰) اسرائیلی سینما: ختیځ/لویدیځ او د نمایندګۍ سیاست (لندن: I. B. Tauris).
Shohat, Ella (2010) Israeli Cinema: East/West and the Politics of Representation (London: I. B. Tauris).
سیلبرمن، نیل آشر (۱۹۸۲) Digging for God and Country: Exploration, Archaeology, and the Secret Struggle for the Holy Land 1799–1917 (نیویارک: الفرډ نوپف)
Silberman, Neil Asher (1982) Digging for God and Country: Exploration, Archaeology, and the Secret Struggle for the Holy Land 1799–1917 (New York: Alfred Knopf).
Silberman, Neil Asher, and David B. Small (1977) The Archaeology of Israel: Translation into Pashto script of the citation as given: سیلبرمن، نیل اشر، او ډیویډ بی. سمال (۱۹۷۷) د اسراییلو آرکیولوژي:
Silberman, Neil Asher, and David B. Small (1977) The Archaeology of Israel:
په تیر باندې جوړونه، اوسني تعبیر (JSOTSS 237) (شفیلډ: شفیلډ اکیډمک پریس).
Constructing the Past, Interpreting the Present (JSOTSS 237) (Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press).
سیوان، حاگیت (۲۰۰۸) فلسطین په ناوخته لرغونیتوب کې (اکسفورډ: اکسفورډ پریس).
Sivan, Hagith (2008) Palestine in Late Antiquity (Oxford: Oxford University Press).
Slyomovics, Susan (1998) The Object of Memory: Arab and Jew Narrate the Palestinian Village (فلاډلفیا، پنسلوانیا: د پنسلوانیا پوهنتون چاپخانه).
Slyomovics, Susan (1998) The Object of Memory: Arab and Jew Narrate the Palestinian Village (Philadelphia, PA: University of Pennsylvania Press).
Slyomovics, Susan (2002) ‘The Gender of Transposed Space’, Palestine-Israel Journal of Politics, Economics and Culture 9 (4), at: http://www.pij.org/details.php?id=114 Note: The reference is kept in its original form, as Latin-script citations within square brackets are allowed; however, this entry is not in square brackets and contains a title, author and URL. Since the rules call for Pashto script for names, titles and places, here is the translation: سلیومویچ، سوزن (۲۰۰۲) «د بدلې شوې ځای جنسیت»، د فلسطین-اسراییل ژورنال د سیاست، اقتصاد او کلتور، ۹ (۴)، لاندې پته: http://www.pij.org/details.php?id=114
Slyomovics, Susan (2002) ‘The Gender of Transposed Space’, Palestine-Israel Journal of Politics, Economics and Culture 9 (4), at: http://www.pij.org/details.php?id=114
Smith, Anthony D. (1971) Theories of Nationalism (London: Duckworth). Note: the reference contains Latin letters, which is permitted only inside square brackets. Since this entry is not inside square brackets, I render it in Pashto script as the rules require for book titles and names. اسمیت، انتونی ډي. (۱۹۷۱) د ملی ګرایۍ نظریې (لندن: ډکورت).
Smith, Anthony D. (1971) Theories of Nationalism (London: Duckworth).
Smith, Anthony D. (1981) The Ethnic Revival (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press). Pashto script rendering of names and title, with the Latin reference kept as-is in square brackets rule: the source has no square brackets, so the reference is translated with names in Pashto script: سمith، انتونی ډی. (۱۹۸۱) د قومي بیا ژوندي کېدل (کیمبرج: کیمبرج یونیورسټي پریس).
Smith, Anthony D. (1981) The Ethnic Revival (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
Smith, Anthony D. (1984) ‘Ethnic Myths and Ethnic Revivals’, European Journal of Sociology 22: 283‒305.
Smith, Anthony D. (1984) ‘Ethnic Myths and Ethnic Revivals’, European Journal of Sociology 22: 283‒305.
سمیټ، انتھونی ډي. (۱۹۸۶) د ملتونو قومي سرچینې (لندن: بلیکویل).
Smith, Anthony D. (1986) The Ethnic Origin of Nations (London: Blackwell).
Smith, Anthony D. (1989) ‘The Origins of Nations’, Ethnic and Racial Studies 12(3): Note: the reference contains Latin-script title and journal names, which per the rules remain as they are inside the citation brackets. Since this is a bibliographic reference rather than a bracketed citation, I have kept it as written.
Smith, Anthony D. (1989) ‘The Origins of Nations’, Ethnic and Racial Studies 12(3):
340–367.
340–367.
سمith، انتونی ڈی. (۱۹۹۱) ملي هويت (لندن: پینګوین).
Smith, Anthony D. (1991) National Identity (London: Penguin).
سمیت، چارلز ډي. (۱۹۹۶) فلسطین او د عربو او اسرائیلو شخړه (نیویارک: سینټ...
Smith, Charles D. (1996) Palestine and the Arab‒Israeli Conflict (New York: St.
(Martin's Press).
Martin’s Press).
سمیت، جورج (۱۸۷۵) د اسوری ایپونیم کینن (لندن: ساموئل بیګسټر او زامنو).
Smith, George (1875) The Assyrian Eponym Canon (London: Samuel Bagster and Sons).
Smith, Linda Tuhiwai (1999) Decolonizing Methodologies: Research and Indigenous Peoples (London: Zed Books). Note: the translation rules require names, places and book titles in Pashto script, but this line is a bibliographic reference in square brackets form, and the reference itself must remain in Latin letters as an exception. Here is the translation: سمیت، لنډا توهیوای (۱۹۹۹) Decolonizing Methodologies: Research and Indigenous Peoples (لندن: Zed Books).
Smith, Linda Tuhiwai (1999) Decolonizing Methodologies: Research and Indigenous Peoples (London: Zed Books).
سوکولوف، مایکل (۲۰۰۳) د بیزنطي دورې د یهودي فلسطیني آرامي ژبې ډیکشنري، دوهم چاپ (بالتيمور، میریلنډ: جانز هاپکنز یونیورسټي پریس).
Sokoloff, Michael (2003) A Dictionary of Jewish Palestinian Aramaic of the Byzantine Period, 2nd edition (Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press).
Srouji, Elias S. (2003) Cyclamens from Galilee: Memoirs of a Physician from Nazareth (New York: iUniverse, Inc.). Note: Per the rules, I am not adding any explanation. The translation follows. سروجی، الیاس ایس (۲۰۰۳) Cyclamens from Galilee: Memoirs of a Physician from Nazareth (نیویارک: iUniverse, Inc.).
Srouji, Elias S. (2003) Cyclamens from Galilee: Memoirs of a Physician from Nazareth (New York: iUniverse, Inc.).
سینټ لارینټ، بیټریس، او ہمت تاشکومورل (2013) ’د یروشلم امپیریل میوزیم آف انٹیکویټیز، 1890–1930: یو بل روایت‘، Jerusalem Quarterly 55: 6–45، په دې لینک کې: http://www.palestine-studies.org/sites/default/files/jq-articles/ JQ%2055_The%20Imperial.pdf اسټین، لیونارډ (1961) The Balfour Declaration (یروشلم: Magnes Press of the Hebrew University).
St. Laurent, Beatric with Himmet Taşkömürl (2013) ‘The Imperial Museum of Antiquities in Jerusalem, 1890‒1930: An Alternate Narrative’, Jerusalem Quarterly 55: 6‒45, at: http://www.palestine-studies.org/sites/default/files/jq-articles/ JQ%2055_The%20Imperial.pdf Stein, Leonard (1961) The Balfour Declaration (Jerusalem: Magnes Press of the Hebrew University).
سليمان، یاسر (۲۰۱۶) بودن فلسطینی: د فلسطیني هویت په اړه شخصي تاملونه په بهر کې (ایډنبرا: ایډنبرا یونیورسټي پریس).
Suleiman, Yasir (2016) Being Palestinian: Personal Reflections on Palestinian Identity in the Diaspora (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press).
ستاوانس، ایلان (۲۰۰۸) Resurrecting Hebrew (یروشلم: شوکن).
Stavans, Ilan (2008) Resurrecting Hebrew (Jerusalem: Schocken).
سټاورو تھیوفانیس، جارج (۱۹۶۱) د روسی امپراتوري ارتودوکس فلسطین ټولنه، ۱۸۸۲–۱۹۱۴. پیایچډي تیزس، انډیانا پوهنتون.
Stavrou Theofanis, George (1961) The Russian Imperial Orthodox Palestine Society, 1882‒1914. PhD dissertation, Indiana University.
Sternhell, Zeev (1998) The Founding Myths of Israel: Nationalism, Socialism, and the Making of the Jewish State (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press). Pashto translation requires keeping references in Latin letters inside square brackets only. This is a citation, not running text, so I'll keep it as is: [Sternhell, Zeev (1998) The Founding Myths of Israel: Nationalism, Socialism, and the Making of the Jewish State (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press).]
Sternhell, Zeev (1998) The Founding Myths of Israel: Nationalism, Socialism, and the Making of the Jewish State (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press).
Strabo (1917) The Geography of Strabo, with an English translation by Horace Leonard Jones, 8 Vols. (London: Heinemann).
Strabo (1917) The Geography of Strabo, with an English translation by Horace Leonard Jones, 8 Vols. (London: Heinemann).
Streeter, Burnett Hillman (1926) The Four Gospels: A Study of Origins, Treating of the Manuscript Tradition, Sources, Authorship, & Dates, 2nd edition (London: Note: the reference is kept in Latin letters, as it is inside square brackets in the rules; here it is given as written in the original, since it appears as a bibliographic reference rather than a bracketed citation. Corrected translation: [Streeter, Burnett Hillman (1926)] د څلورو انجیلونو: د سرچینو مطالعه، چې د نسخو دودیز لیږد، سرچینې، لیکوال او نیټې پکې راغلي دي، دوهم چاپ (لندن:
Streeter, Burnett Hillman (1926) The Four Gospels: A Study of Origins, Treating of the Manuscript Tradition, Sources, Authorship, & Dates, 2nd edition (London:
(Macmillan؛ لومړی ځل په ۱۹۲۴ کال کې خپور شو).
Macmillan; first published 1924).
سټرجیس، میتیو (۲۰۰۱) دا ځکه نه چې ضروري وي: د بائبل د تېر وخت د حقیقت پلټنه (لندن: هیډلاین بک پبلشنگ).
Sturgis, Matthew (2001) It Ain’t Necessarily So: Investigating the Truth of the Biblical Past (London: Headline Book Publishing).
Sykes, Christopher (1973) Crossroads to Israel, 1917‒1948 (Bloomington, IN and London: Indiana University Press). Note: the bibliographic details above are in English and Latin script, so I've kept them as they are, as references in square brackets are the exception allowed by the rules. Here is the translation: سایکس، کرسٹوفر (۱۹۷۳) Crossroads to Israel, 1917‒1948 (Bloomington, IN and London: Indiana University Press).
Sykes, Christopher (1973) Crossroads to Israel, 1917‒1948 (Bloomington, IN and London: Indiana University Press).
Taha, Hamdan (2010) ‘Two Decades of Archeology in Palestine’, at: http://www.
Taha, Hamdan (2010) ‘Two Decades of Archeology in Palestine’, at: http://www.
academia.edu/19771693/Two_Decades_of_Archeology_in_Palestine Taha, Hamdan (2017) ‘Palestine: A Fascinating History’, Palestine no. 232 (August):
academia.edu/19771693/Two_Decades_of_Archeology_in_Palestine Taha, Hamdan (2017) ‘Palestine: A Fascinating History’, Palestine no. 232 (August):
6‒11.
6‒11.
تال، اورن (۲۰۱۲) ’یونانی سکې په فلسطین کې‘، په ولیم ای. میټکاف (مدیر) کې: د یونانی او رومی سکو اکسفورډ کتاب (اکسفورډ او نیویارک: اکسفورډ پوهنتون خپرندویۍ): ۲۵۲‒۲۷۴.
Tal, Oren (2012) ‘Greek Coinages in Palestine’, in William E. Metcalf (ed.) The Oxford Handbook of Greek and Tomean Coinage (Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press): 252‒274.
Talgam، Rina (2004) ‘The Ekphrasis Eikonos of Procopius of Gaza: The Depiction of Mythological Themes in Palestine and Arabia during the Fifth and Sixth Centuries’، در Brouria Bitton-Ashkelony and Aryeh Kofsky (eds.) Christian Gaza in Late Antiquity (Leiden and Boston: Brill): 209–234.
Talgam, Rina (2004) ‘The Ekphrasis Eikonos of Procopius of Gaza: The Depiction of Mythological Themes in Palestine and Arabia during the Fifth and Sixth Centuries’, in Brouria Bitton-Ashkelony and Aryeh Kofsky (eds.) Christian Gaza in Late Antiquity (Leiden and Boston: Brill): 209–234.
Talmon، Jacob L. (1965) ‘Who Is a Jew?’ Encounter XXIV (5، May) [cited in Georges Tamarin، The Israeli Dilemma (Rotterdam: Rotterdam University Press، 1973)].
Talmon, Jacob L. (1965) ‘Who Is a Jew?’ Encounter XXIV (5, May) [cited in Georges Tamarin, The Israeli Dilemma (Rotterdam: Rotterdam University Press, 1973)].
تامری، سلیم (۲۰۰۳) ‹یو بد کال په بروکلین کې: خلیل ساکاکيني په امریکا کې، ۱۹۰۷–۱۹۰۸›، (د یروشلم د اسلامي مطالعاتو انسټیټیوټ، ۱۷ (فبروري))، په دې پته: http://www.palestine- studies.org/jq/fulltext/77994
Tamari, Salim (2003) ‘A Miserable Year in Brooklyn: Khalil Sakakini in America, 1907‒1908’ (Institute of Jerusalem Studies’ 17 (February), at: http://www.palestine- studies.org/jq/fulltext/77994
تامري، سليم (2006) ‘وصيف جوهريّة، الموسيقى الشعبية والحداثة في القدس’، في ريبيكا شتاين وتيد سويدنبرغ (محرران) فلسطين، إسرائيل، وسياسات الثقافة الشعبية (ديرهام، نورث كارولاينا: مطبعة جامعة ديوك).
Tamari, Salim (2006) ‘Wasif Jawhariyyeh, Popular Music and Modernity in Jerusalem’, in Rebecca Stein and Ted Swedenberg (eds.) Palestine, Israel, and the Politics of Popular Culture (Durham, NC: Duke University Press).
تامری، سالم (۲۰۰۸) Mountain against the Sea: Essays in Palestinian Society and Culture (برکلی، لاس انجلس او لندن: د کالیفورنیا پوهنتون چاپ)۔
Tamari, Salim (2008) Mountain against the Sea: Essays in Palestinian Society and Culture (Berkeley, Los Angeles and London: University of California Press).
تامری، سالم (۲۰۱۱) ‘Shifting Ottoman Conceptions of Palestine: Part 1: Filistin Risalesi and the Two Jamals’، Jerusalem Quarterly، شمارہ ۴۷ (خزاں): ۲۸–۳۸۔
Tamari, Salim (2011) ‘Shifting Ottoman Conceptions of Palestine: Part 1: Filistin Risalesi and the Two Jamals’, Jerusalem Quarterly, No. 47 (Fall): 28–38.
تامری، سالم (۲۰۱۴) ‘Issa al Issa’s Unorthodox Orthodoxy: Banned in Jerusalem, Permitted in Jaffa’، Jerusalem Quarterly 59: 16–36، په دې لینک کې: http://www.palestinestudies.
Tamari, Salim (2014) ‘Issa al Issa’s Unorthodox Orthodoxy: Banned in Jerusalem, Permitted in Jaffa’, Jerusalem Quarterly 59: 16–36, at: http://www.palestinestudies.
org/jq/fulltext/165351
org/jq/fulltext/165351
طرونه، طه ثلجی (۱۹۸۲م). مملکت صفد فی عهد المماليك [د مملوکانو په دوره کې د صفد سلطنت]. بیروت: دار الآفاق الجدیدة.
Tarawneh, Taha Thalji (1982) Mamlakat Safad fi ‘Ahd al-Mamalik [The Kingdom of Safad in the Era of Mamluks] (Beirut: Dar al-Afaq al-Jadidah).
تاوبر، الیعازر (۲۰۰۷) د مدرن سوریې او عراق جوړښت (لندن: رټلیج او ډیجیټل پرنټنګ؛ لومړی ځل په ۱۹۹۵ کال کې خپور شو).
Tauber, Eliezer (2007) The Formation of Modern Syria and Iraq (London: Routledge and Digital Printing; first published 1995).
د اسلام دایرةالمعارف (۱۹۶۵) دوهم ټوک، نوی چاپ (لیډن: E. J. Brill)
The Encyclopaedia of Islam (1965) Vol. II, new edition (Leiden: E. J. Brill).
Thompson, Thomas L. (1979). The Settlement of Palestine in the Bronze Age (Wiesbaden: Note: The Pashto script rule applies to names, so I'll render the names in Pashto script while keeping the bibliographic structure. تامسن، توماس ال. (۱۹۷۹). The Settlement of Palestine in the Bronze Age (ویسبادن:
Thompson, Thomas L. (1979). The Settlement of Palestine in the Bronze Age (Wiesbaden:
(Reichert).
Reichert).
Thompson, Thomas L. (1987) ‘The Origin Tradition of Ancient Israel I’, Journal for the Study of the Old Testament, Supplementary Series 55 (Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press; first published 1974).
Thompson, Thomas L. (1987) ‘The Origin Tradition of Ancient Israel I’, Journal for the Study of the Old Testament, Supplementary Series 55 (Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press; first published 1974).
Thompson, Thomas L. (1991) ‘Text, Context and Referent in Israelite Historiography’, in D. Edelman (ed.) The Fabric of History: Text, Artifact and Israel’s Past (Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press):65–92. Translating the bibliographic reference into Pashto: تامپسن، توماس ایل. (۱۹۹۱) «متن، سیاق و مرجع در تاریخنگاری اسرائیلی»، در د. ایډلمن (مدیر) The Fabric of History: Text, Artifact and Israel’s Past (شیفیلډ: Sheffield Academic Press):۶۵–۹۲.
Thompson, Thomas L. (1991) ‘Text, Context and Referent in Israelite Historiography’, in D. Edelman (ed.) The Fabric of History: Text, Artifact and Israel’s Past (Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press):65–92.
Thompson, Thomas L. (1992) The Early History of the Israelite People From the Written and Archaeological Sources (Leiden: Brill). Note: I've translated this reference as written. In Pashto script, the title is رینږی: تامپسن، تامس ایل. (۱۹۹۲) د اسراییلي خلکو لومړنی تاریخ له لیکل شوو او ارکیالوژیکو سرچینو څخه ([Leiden: Brill] ولیډن: برل)
Thompson, Thomas L. (1992) The Early History of the Israelite People From the Written and Archaeological Sources (Leiden: Brill).
Thompson, Thomas L. (1998) ‘Hidden Histories and the Problem of Ethnicity in Palestine’، په Michael Prior (ed.) Western Scholarship and the History of Palestine (London: Melisende) کې: 23–39.
Thompson, Thomas L. (1998) ‘Hidden Histories and the Problem of Ethnicity in Palestine’, in Michael Prior (ed.) Western Scholarship and the History of Palestine (London: Melisende): 23–39.
Thompson, Thomas L. (1999) The Bible in History: How Writers Create a Past (London: Jonathan Cape). Note: the Pashto rendering below transliterates the bibliographic references as instructed, keeping the reference in square brackets-style form. [Thompson, Thomas L. (1999) The Bible in History: How Writers Create a Past (London: Jonathan Cape).]
Thompson, Thomas L. (1999) The Bible in History: How Writers Create a Past (London: Jonathan Cape).
تامپسن، توماس ایل (2003) ’آیا کتاب مقدس تاریخی دی؟ د "مینیمالیزم" چلنج د کتاب مقدس عالمانو او تاریخ پوهانو لپاره‘، Holy Land Studies: A Multidisciplinary Journal 3(1, May): 1‒27.
Thompson, Thomas L. (2003) ‘Is the Bible Historical? The Challenge of “Minimalism” for Biblical Scholars and Historians’, Holy Land Studies: A Multidisciplinary Journal 3(1, May): 1‒27.
تامپسن، تامس ایل. (۲۰۱۱) ’کتاب مقدس، صهیونیزم او د یوې خالي ځمکې میراث: د بیاکتنې مقاله‘، Holy Land Studies: A Multidisciplinary Journal ۱۰(۱، می):
Thompson, Thomas L. (2011) ‘The Bible, Zionism and the Heritage of an Empty Land: Review Article’, Holy Land Studies: A Multidisciplinary Journal 10(1, May):
97‒108.
97‒108.
تامپسن، توماس ایل. (۲۰۱۶)، «قومیت او د فلسطین یوه سیمهایز تاریخ»، په: اینګرید هیلم او توماس ایل. تامپسن (ایډیټران)، تاریخ، ارکیالوژي او انجیل: د «تاریخیت» له خپریدو څلوېښت کاله وروسته: بدلېدونکي لیدلوري ۶ (لندن: راټلج):
Thompson, Thomas L. (2016) ‘Ethnicity and a Regional History of Palestine’, in Ingrid Hjelm and Thomas L. Thompson (eds.) History, Archaeology and the Bible Forty Years after ‘Historicity’: Changing Perspectives 6 (London: Routledge):
159‒173.
159‒173.
Thompson, Thomas L., Maniragaba Balibutsa and Margaret M. Clarkson (1975) The Settlement of Sinai and the Negev in the Bronze Age (Wiesbaden: Reichert). Translation into Pashto: تامپسن، توماس ایل.، مانیراګابا بالیبوتسا او مارګریټ ایم. کلارکسن (۱۹۷۵) د برونز دورې کې د سینا او نیګیف سیمې ابادول (ویسبادن: ریکرت).
Thompson, Thomas L., Maniragaba Balibutsa and Margaret M. Clarkson (1975) The Settlement of Sinai and the Negev in the Bronze Age (Wiesbaden: Reichert).
تومپسن، تومas ایل.، ایف. جے. گونکالویس او جے. ایم. وان کانگ (۱۹۸۸) فلسطینی توپونیمی:
Thompson, Thomas L., F. J. Goncalves and J. M. van Cangh (1988) Toponymie Palestinienne:
د سینټ جان د ایکر دښته او د یروشلم دهلیز (لووین-لا-نیو: د لووین د شرقپیژندنې انستیتیوټ، د لووین کاتولیک پوهنتون).
Plaine de St. Jean d’Acre et corridor de Jerusalem (Louvain-la-Neuve: de l’institut orientaliste de Louvain, Université catholique de Louvain).
توبلر، تیتوس (1859) دریمه سفر پالستین ته په 1857 کال کې [دریم سفر پالستین ته په ۱۸۵۷ کال کې]، په: https://archive.org/details/titustoblersdri00toblgoog توبلر، تیتوس (1867) Bibliographia Geographica Palestinae [د پالستین جغرافیایی کتابنامه] (زیوریخ)، په: https://archive.org/details/Bibliographia GeographicaPalestinae ټریسترم، هنري بیکر (1884) The Survey of Western Palestine: The Fauna and Flora of Palestine (لندن: د پالستین د کشفیاتو صندوق کمیټه).
Tobler, Titus (1859) Dritte Wanderung nach Palästina im Jahre 1857 [Third Journey to Palestine in 1857], at: https://archive.org/details/titustoblersdri00toblgoog Tobler, Titus (1867) Bibliographia Geographica Palestinae [Geographic Bibliography for Palestine] (Zurich), at: https://archive.org/details/Bibliographia GeographicaPalestinae Tristram, Henry Baker (1884) The Survey of Western Palestine: The Fauna and Flora of Palestine (London: The Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund).
ټرویټن، سیلوین ایلان (۲۰۰۸) ‘De-Judaizing the Homeland: Academic Politics in Rewriting the History of Palestine’، په فلیپ کارل سالزمین او ډونا رابینسن ډیوین (مدیران) Postcolonial Theory and the Arab–Israel Conflict کې (لندن: راټلج)
Troen, Selwyn Ilan (2008) ‘De-Judaizing the Homeland: Academic Politics in Rewriting the History of Palestine’, in Philip Carl Salzman and Donna Robinson Divine (eds.) Postcolonial Theory and the Arab–Israel Conflict (London: Routledge):
195‒207.
195‒207.
[Tuebinger Bibelatlas] (2001) (ویسبادن: رایشرت).
Tubingen Bible Atlas [Tuebinger Bibelatlas] (2001) (Wiesbaden: Reichert).
تاکمن، باربرا ډبلیو (۱۹۸۲) انجیل او تورہ: برتانوي څنګه فلسطین ته راغلل (لندن: میکملن؛ لومړی ځل په ۱۹۵۶ کال خپور شو).
Tuchman, Barbara W. (1982) Bible and Sword: How the British came to Palestine (London: Macmillan; first published 1956).
Tucker, Judith E. (2002) ‘Biography as History: The Exemplary Life of Khayr al-Din al-Ramli’, in Mary Ann Fay (ed.) Auto/Biography and the Construction of Identity in the Middle East (New York: Palgrave Macmillan): 9–18. [Note: the reference is kept in Latin script as requested for references in square brackets.] Actually, following the rules, references are to stay in Latin letters only when inside square brackets. This text has no square brackets, so I translate the titles and names into Pashto script: ټکر، جودیت ای. (۲۰۰۲) «بیوګرافي د تاریخ په توګه: د خیر الدین الرملي ژوند د نمونې په توګه»، په ماري این فای (ایډیټر) کې، آټو/بیوګرافي او د هویت جوړونه په منځنۍ ختیځ کې (نیویارک: پالګریف ماکمیلن): ۹–۱۸.
Tucker, Judith E. (2002) ‘Biography as History: The Exemplary Life of Khayr al-Din al-Ramli’, in Mary Ann Fay (ed.) Auto/Biography and the Construction of Identity in the Middle East (New York: Palgrave Macmillan): 9–18.
وان برشم، (۱۸۹۴) د عربي کتیبو د کورپس لپاره موادونه (قاهره:
Van Berchem, (1894) Matériaux pour un Corpus inscriptionum Arabicarum (Cairo:
Institut français d’archéologie orientale du Cairo). Wait—the instruction says translate the user's text into Pashto. The text is French with a name in it, so I translate it faithfully into Pashto, with names in Pashto script. د قاهرې د شرقي آثارو د فرانسوي موسسې (Institut français d’archéologie orientale du Caire).
Institut français d’archéologie orientale du Cairo).
ورتیټ، میر (۱۹۷۰)۔ ’د بالفور اعلامیه او د هغې جوړونکي‘، مډل ایسټرن سټډیز ۶ (۱): ۴۸–۷۶۔
Verete, Mayir (1970) ‘The Balfour Declaration and Its Makers’, Middle Eastern Studies 6 (1): 48‒76.
وان سوچیم، لودولف [لودولف فون سودهایم] (۱۹۷۱) لودولف فون سوچیم د مقدس ځمکې تشریح، او هلته د تګ لاره: په ۱۳۵۰ میلادي کال کې لیکل شوې۔
Von Suchem, Ludolph [Ludolf von Sudheim] (1971) Ludolph Von Suchem’s Description of the Holy Land, and of the Way Thither: Written in the Year A.D. 1350.
د فلسطین د زائرینو د متنونو ټولنې کتابتون، ټوک ۱۲، برخه ۳، د اوبرې سټیورټ لخوا ژباړل شوی (نیویارک: امز پریس).
The library of the Palestine Pilgrims’ Text Society, Vol. 12, Part 3, translated by Aubrey Stewart (New York: Ams Press).
فون سوخیم، لودولف [Ludolf von Sudheim] (۲۰۱۳) Ludolph von Suchem’s Description of the Holy Land and of the Way Thither: Written in the Year A.D. 1350، په ایډیټ او ژباړه د اوبري سټیورت، (کیمبرج: کیمبرج یونیورسټي خپرونه).
Von Suchem, Ludolph [Ludolf von Sudheim] (2013) Ludolph von Suchem’s Description of the Holy Land and of the Way Thither: Written in the Year A.D. 1350, edited and translated by Aubrey Stewart (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
Wagner, Donald (1992) ‘Beyond Armageddon’, The Link 25(4, October‒November): 4. Pashto translation of the reference, with the author, title and journal names kept in Latin letters as the rules require for references in square brackets, and the rest in Pashto script: [Wagner, Donald (1992) ‘Beyond Armageddon’, The Link 25(4, October‒November): 4.]
Wagner, Donald (1992) ‘Beyond Armageddon’, The Link 25(4, October‒November): 4.
واګنر، ډونالډ (۱۹۹۵) Anxious for Armageddon (سکاټډیل، پنسیلوانیا او واټرلو، اونټاریو: هیرالډ پریس).
Wagner, Donald (1995) Anxious for Armageddon (Scottdale, PA and Waterloo, Ontario: Herald Press).
وکیم، وکیم (2001a) بې ځایه شوي کسان: خپل وطن کې کډوال (قاهره:
Wakim, Wakim (2001a) The Internally Displaced: Refugees in Their Homeland (Cairo:
د بشري حقوقو د مطالعاتو مرکز) [Arabic].
Centre of Human Rights Studies) [Arabic].
واکیم، واکیم (2001ب) «په خپل هیواد کې بېځایه شوي کسان او اصلي پړاوونه»، الاتحاد، د ځمکې ورځې (مارچ) ځانګړې ضمیمه [عربي].
Wakim, Wakim (2001b) ‘Internally Displaced in their Homeland and the Main Stations’, Al-Ittihad, special supplement for Land Day (March) [Arabic].
والیس-هیډریل، ډي. ایس. (۱۹۸۲) عیسوي انطاکیه: د ختیځ د لومړنیو عیسوي فکرونو یوه څیړنه (کیمبرج: کیمبرج پوهنتون چاپخونه).
Wallace-Hadrill, D. S. (1982) Christian Antioch: A Study of Early Christian Thought in the East (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press).
والمسلي، ألان ج. (1996) ‘فلسطين وعرب البيزنطية: الازدهار الحضري في العصر القديم المتأخر’، في ن. كريستي وس. ت. لوسبي (محرران) Towns in Transition: Urban Evolution in Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages (Brookfield, VT: Ashgate Publishing Company): 126‒158.
Walmsley, Alan G. (1996) ‘Byzantine Palestine and Arabia: Urban Prosperity in Late Antiquity’, in N. Christie and S. T. Loseby (eds.) Towns in Transition: Urban Evolution in Late Antiquity and the Early Middle Ages (Brookfield, VT: Ashgate Publishing Company): 126‒158.
والمسلي، آلان جي. (2000) ‘پیداوار، تبادله او سیمهییزه تجارت په اسلامي ختیځ مدیترانه کې: زاړه جوړښتونه، نوي سیستمونه؟’، په انګي لیسې هانسن او کریس ویکهام (ایډیټران) کې: اوږده اتمه پېړۍ: پیداوار، ویش او غوښتنه (لیډن: بریل): ۲۶۵‒۳۴۳.
Walmsley, Alan G. (2000) ‘Production, Exchange and Regional Trade in the Islamic East Mediterranean: Old Structures, New Systems?’, in Inge Lyse Hansen and Chris Wickham (eds.) The Long Eighth Century: Production, Distribution and Demand (Leiden: Brill): 265‒343.
وارد، والټر ډیویډ (۲۰۰۸)۔ له Provincia Arabia څخه تر Palaestinae Tertia پورې: د جغرافیې، اقتصاد او مذهب اغیزه په ناستو او کوچیانو ټولنو باندې د وروستي رومي ولایت Third Palestine کې۔ PhD dissertation، UCLA۔
Ward, Walter David (2008) From Provincia Arabia to Palaestinae Tertia: The Impact of Geography, Economy, and Religion on the Sedentary and Nomadic Communities in the later Roman Province of Third Palestine. PhD dissertation, UCLA.
Weir, Shelagh (1994) Palestinian Costume (London: British Museum). Note: The instructions ask for this text to be translated, but it is a bibliographic reference that should be kept in Latin script inside square brackets per the rules; however, since the rule says references in [square brackets] may remain Latin, and this entry is not bracketed, the translation below transliterates the title and names into Pashto script. ویر، شیلا (۱۹۹۴) د فلسطین جامې (لندن: د برتانیې موزیم).
Weir, Shelagh (1994) Palestinian Costume (London: British Museum).
ویسټبرګ، ډیوډ (۲۰۰۹) ‘د پسرلي مراسم، د پروکوپیوس د غزې د ډیالیکسیس او ایتوپوییایی کې شهواني لمانځنه’، په: انګیلا نیلسن (ایډ.) پلاټینګ ویټ ایروس
Westberg, David (2009) ‘The Rite of Spring, Erotic Celebration in the Dialexeis and Ethopoiiai of Procopius of Gaza’, in Ingela Nilsson (ed.) Plotting with Eros:
د مینې د شاعرۍ او د لوستلو د ارotika په اړه مضمونونه: د مینې او د کیسې شاعري (کوپنهاګن: د کوپنهاګن پوهنتون او د توسکولم خپرونې ادارې خپرونه): ۱۸۷–۲۱۲
Essays on the Poetics of Love and the Erotics of Reading: Eros and the Poetics of Narrative (Copenhagen: University of Copenhagen and Museum Tusculanum Press): 187‒212.
ویټلام، کیت (۱۹۹۶) د لرغوني اسرائیل اختراع: د فلسطیني تاریخ خاموشول (لندن او نیویارک: رутلج).
Whitelam, Keith (1996) The Invention of Ancient Israel: The Silencing of Palestinian History (London and New York: Routledge).
Wiener, Noah (2016) ‘Early Bronze Age: Megiddo’s Great Temple and the Birth of Urban Culture in the Levant’, Bible History Daily, Biblical Archaeology Society, 10 September, at: https://www.biblicalarchaeology.org/daily/ancient-cultures/ ancient-israel/early-bronze-age-megiddos-great-temple-and-the-birth-of-urbanculture- in-the-levant/ Wiemer, Reinhard (1983) ‘Zionism and the Arabs after the Establishment of the State of Israel’, in Alexander Schölch (ed.) Palestinians over the Green Line (London:
Wiener, Noah (2016) ‘Early Bronze Age: Megiddo’s Great Temple and the Birth of Urban Culture in the Levant’, Bible History Daily, Biblical Archaeology Society, 10 September, at: https://www.biblicalarchaeology.org/daily/ancient-cultures/ ancient-israel/early-bronze-age-megiddos-great-temple-and-the-birth-of-urbanculture- in-the-levant/ Wiemer, Reinhard (1983) ‘Zionism and the Arabs after the Establishment of the State of Israel’, in Alexander Schölch (ed.) Palestinians over the Green Line (London:
(Ithaca Press): 26‒63.
Ithaca Press): 26‒63.
ویګرام، ولیم انګر (۲۰۰۴) د اشوریانو د کلیسا د تاریخ یوه پیژندنه (د اشوري نړیوالې خبري ادارې؛ لومړی ځل په ۱۹۰۹ کال کې چاپ شوې)، په دې پته کې: http://www.aina.
Wigram, William Anger (2004) An Introduction to the History of the Assyrian Church (Assyrian International News Agency; first published 1909), at: http://www.aina.
org/books/itthotac/itthotac.htm ویلکنسن، ج. (۱۹۷۵) ‘د یروشلم کوڅې’، Levant 7: 118‒136.
org/books/itthotac/itthotac.htm Wilkinson, J. (1975) ‘The Streets of Jerusalem’, Levant 7: 118‒136.
Wilson, N. G. (1967) ‘A Chapter in the History of Scholia’, Classical Quarterly 61: Note: the Pashto translation of the bibliographic reference is provided below, keeping the reference itself in Latin characters inside square brackets as the rules require. [Wilson, N. G. (1967) ‘A Chapter in the History of Scholia’, Classical Quarterly 61:]
Wilson, N. G. (1967) ‘A Chapter in the History of Scholia’, Classical Quarterly 61:
244‒256.
244‒256.
[Wilson, N. G. (1983) Scholars of Byzantium (Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press).]
Wilson, N. G. (1983) Scholars of Byzantium (Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press).
ونکلر، هوګو (۱۸۹۸) الټاورینټالیشه فورشونګن (لایپزیګ: ایډوارډ فایفر).
Winckler, Hugo (1898) Altorientalische Forschungen (Leipzig: Eduard Pfeiffer).
ویټګنشټاین، لودویګ (۲۰۰۱) فلسفي پلټنې (لندن: بلیک ویل پبلشنګ؛ لومړی ځل ۱۹۵۳ کې خپره شوې).
Wittgenstein, Ludwig (2001) Philosophical Investigations (London: Blackwell Publishing; first published 1953).
Wolfe, Patrick (2006) ‘Settler Colonialism and the Elimination of the Native’, Journal of Genocide Research 8(4) (December): 387–409.
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د نړیوال روغتیا سازمان (۲۰۰۷) د نارینه ختنې: نړیوال رجحانات او د پیښې، خوندیتوب او منل کیدو تعیینوونکي (ژنیو: د نړیوال روغتیا سازمان).
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وربا، ماریان (ایډ.) (۱۹۹۶) د اتریش شتون په مقدسه ځمکه کې د ۱۹مې پیړۍ او د ۲۰مې پیړۍ په لومړیو کې. د اتریشي هاسپیس په یروشلم کې د ۱۹۹۵ کال د مارچ په ۱ او ۲ نیټو کې د سیمپوزیم وینا (تل ابیب: د اتریش سفارت).
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Yacobi, Haim (2009) The Jewish-Arab City: Spacio-politics in a Mixed Community (London and New York: Routledge).
یزبک، محمود (۱۹۹۸) حیفا د عثمانی دورې په وروستیو کې، ۱۸۶۴–۱۹۱۴: یوه مسلمانه ښار په انتقال کې (لیډن: برل).
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