Q 210: Ukhalifa ulidumu kwa miaka mingapi baada ya Mtume Muhammad ﷺ?
Q 210: How many years did the Caliphate last after Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him)?
Hadithi ilipokewa na Abu Dawud na wengineo kupitia kwa Sa'id Ibn Jamhan, kutoka kwa Safinah, aliyesema: Mjumbe wa Allah ﷺ amesema:
A--- Narrated Abu Dawud and others on the authority of Sa'id Ibn Jamhan after Safinah as saying: Allah's Messenger (Peace be upon him) says:
"Ukhalifa baada ya utume utadumu miaka thelathini, kisha Mwenyezi Mungu hutoa ufalme kwa amtakaye." (At-Tirmidhi, Abu Dawud, Ahmed na Al-Hakim)
"The Caliphate after Prophethood will last for thirty years, then Allah grants kingship to whom He wills." (At-Tirmidhi, Abu Dawud, Ahmed and Al-Hakim)
Hii inamaanisha kipindi kilichodumu kwa Abu Bakr, 'Umar, 'Uthman na `Ali, Allah awe radhi nao wote. Abu Bakr alikaa miaka miwili na miezi mitatu, 'Umar miaka kumi na miezi sita, 'Uthman miaka kumi na miwili, `Ali miaka minne na miezi tisa, na ili kukamilisha miaka thelathini inakuja Bai'ah (Kiapo cha utii) kilichotolewa kwa Al-Hasan Ibn 'Ali, ambayo ni miezi sita.
This implies the period lasted by Abu Bakr, 'Umar, 'Uthman and `Ali, may Allah be pleased with them all. Abu Bakr stayed for two years and three months, 'Umar for ten years and six months, 'Uthman for twelve years, `Ali for four years and nine months, and in completion of the thirty years comes the Bai'ah (Pledge of allegiance) given for Al-Hasan Ibn 'Ali, that is six months.
Mfalme wa kwanza wa Kiislamu alikuwa Mu'awiyah (Allah amridhie), ambaye alikuwa bora kuliko wote. Kisha ukafuata utawala mkali na dhalimu, hadi wakati alipokuja `Umar Ibn 'Abdel'Aziz. Kwa hakika, wanazuoni wa Ahlus-Sunnah walimhesabu kuwa Khalifa wa tano kwa sababu alifuata mwenendo wao (wale Makhalifa wengine wanne waliotangulia) kwa karibu sana.
The first Muslim king was Mu'awiyah (May Allah be pleased with him) who was the best among them all. Then, followed a severe and unjust kingship, up till the time when `Umar Ibn 'Abdel'Aziz came. Indeed, the Sunni Muslim scholars regarded him as the fifth Caliph as he followed their (the previous four ones) very steps.
Marejeo: 200 Maswali Yanayoulizwa Mara kwa Mara Kuhusu Imani ya Waislamu - Sheikh Hafiz Ibn Ahmed Al Hakami
Reference: 200 FAQ On Muslims Belief - Shiekh Hafiz Ibn Ahmed Al Hakami