政治就是处理乌玛在国内和国际上的事务。这项工作由国家和乌玛共同承担。国家通过政府来切实履行这一职责，而乌玛则对国家履行此职责的情况进行监督和问责。

Politics is taking care of the affairs of the Ummah domestically and internationally. It is performed by the State and the Ummah. The State takes on this task practically through government, and the Ummah accounts the State upon it.

本文给出的是政治的定义，这一定义被所有人普遍接受，因为它准确地描述了政治的实际情况。它与心智、真理、权威等其他概念的定义相似，这些概念都具有对所有人而言唯一的实在，人们对其本身并无分歧，他们所分歧的只是其规则，因为它是可以感知的实在。此外，政治一词的语言学含义（Saasa、Yasuso、Siyasah）是管理事务。《海洋词典》（Al-Muhit）中提到：“我管理民众（siyasatan），即我命令他们并禁止他们”，这即是通过命令与禁令来管理事务。另外，还有关于统治者的行为、统治者的问责以及对穆斯林事务之关切的各种传述，政治的定义正是从所有这些内容中推衍而来。因此，先知ﷺ在一段公认的圣训中说：“凡是真主托付他管理一群臣民的人，如果他不以诚心去照料他们，他将闻不到乐园的香气。”此处文字取自布哈里（Al-Bukhari）所载马克尔·本·雅萨尔（Ma'qal b. Yasar）的传述：“……”

This article is the definition of politics and this is a general definition held by everyone since it characterises the reality of politics as what it actually is. So it is similar to the definition of the mind, the definition of the truth, the definition of authority and other definitions from the meanings which have a single reality for all people which they do not differ over since it is a perceptible reality, and so rather they only differ over its rules. In addition to that, the linguistic meaning of politics (Saasa, Yasuso, Siyasah) is governing of the affairs; it is mentioned in the Al-Muhit dictionary: “I governed the citizens siyasatan – meaning I commanded them and I forbade them”, and this is the governing of affairs through commandments and prohibitions. Additionally there are narrations related regarding the actions of the ruler, accounting the ruler and concern for the Muslim affairs, and the definition has been derived from all of these; so the words of the Prophet in an agreed upon narration, the wording here from Al-Bukhari from Ma’qal b. Yasar: .» مَا مِنْ عَبْدٍ يَسْتَ رْعِيهِ اللهُ رَعِيَّةً فَ لَمْ يُحِطْهَا بِنُصْحِهِ إِلاَّ لِمْ يَجِدْ رَائِحَةَ الْجَنَّةِ «.

“Any slave whom Allah (swt) makes him in charge of subjects and he is not sincer to them, Allah (swt) will make Jannah unlawful for him”, and his words: . مَا مِنْ وَالٍ يَلِي رَعِيَّةً مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَ يَمُوتُ وَهُوَ غَاشٌ لَهُمْ إِلاَّ حَرَّمَ اللهُ عَلَيْهِ « » الجَّنَّة .

“Any slave whom Allah (swt) makes him in charge of subjects and he is not sincer to them, Allah (swt) will make Jannah unlawful for him”, and his words: . مَا مِنْ وَالٍ يَلِي رَعِيَّةً مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَ يَمُوتُ وَهُوَ غَاشٌ لَهُمْ إِلاَّ حَرَّمَ اللهُ عَلَيْهِ « » الجَّنَّة .

“如果任何有权统治穆斯林臣民的统治者在欺骗他们的情况下死去，安拉(SWT)将禁止他进入天堂。”以及他的话：

“If any ruler having the authority to rule Muslim subjects dies while he is deceiving them, Allah (swt) will forbid Paradise for him.”, and his words:

. سَتَكُونُ أُمَرَاءُ فَ تَ عْرِفُونَ وَتُ نْكِرُونَ، فَمَنْ عَرَفَ بَرِئَ، وَمَنْ أَنْكَرَ سَلِمَ، وَلَكِنْ مَنْ « » رَضِيَ وَتَابَعَ، قَالُوا: أَفَلاَ ن قَُاتِلُهُمْ؟ قَالَ: لا مَا صَلَّوْا .

. سَتَكُونُ أُمَرَاءُ فَ تَ عْرِفُونَ وَتُ نْكِرُونَ، فَمَنْ عَرَفَ بَرِئَ، وَمَنْ أَنْكَرَ سَلِمَ، وَلَكِنْ مَنْ « » رَضِيَ وَتَابَعَ، قَالُوا: أَفَلاَ ن قَُاتِلُهُمْ؟ قَالَ: لا مَا صَلَّوْا .

“将会有统治者（Amir），你们会喜欢他们的善行，也会厌恶他们的恶行。凡看清他们的恶行，并以其手或其言阻止其重复者，即免于责备；但凡认可他们的恶行并效仿之者，则在精神上遭受毁灭。”有人问先知ﷺ：我们不应与他们作战吗？他回答：“不，只要他们还坚持礼拜。”（穆斯林圣训集，乌姆·赛莱麦传述）。以及他的话语：

“There will be rulers (Amirs) and you will like their good deeds and dislike their bad deeds. One who sees through their bad deeds, and tries to prevent their repetition by his band or through his speech, is absolved from blame. But one who approves of their bad deeds and imitates them is spiritually ruined. People asked (the Holy Prophet): Shouldn't we fight against them? He replied: No, as long as they establish their prayers.” (reported by Muslim from Umm Salamah), and his words:

. وَ مَنْ أَصْبَحَ وَهَمُّهُ غَيْ رُ اللهِ فَ لَيْسَ مِنَ اللهِ فِي شَيْءٍ، وَمَنْ لَمْ ي هَْتَمَّ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ « » فَ لَيْسَ مِنْ هُمْ .

. وَ مَنْ أَصْبَحَ وَهَمُّهُ غَيْ رُ اللهِ فَ لَيْسَ مِنَ اللهِ فِي شَيْءٍ، وَمَنْ لَمْ ي هَْتَمَّ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ « » فَ لَيْسَ مِنْ هُمْ .

“谁早晨醒来，所关心的不是安拉，那么他就不属于安拉；谁不关心穆斯林，那么他就不属于穆斯林。”这段由阿勒-哈基姆在《穆斯塔德拉克》中从伊本·麦斯欧德处转述。另有转述，贾里尔·本·阿卜杜拉（愿安拉喜悦他）说：“我曾向安拉的使者ﷺ宣誓效忠，遵守拜功、完纳天课，并真诚地忠告每一位穆斯林。”

“Whoever wakes up and his concern is other than Allah (swt), then he is not from Allah (swt), and whoever is not concerned with the Muslims then he is not from them” reported by Al-Hakim in Al- Mustadrak from Ibn Mas’ud, and it is reported from Jarir b. ‘Abd Allah (swt) who said: .» عَلَى: إِقَامِ الصَّلاةِ، وَإِيتَاءِ الزَّكَاةِ، وَالنُّصْحِ لِكُلِّ مُسْلِمٍ بَايَ عْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ «.

“我向安拉的使者ﷺ宣誓效忠，遵守礼拜，缴纳天课，并且真诚地为每一位穆斯林着想、给予善意。”（众所公认），并有传述来自贾利尔·本·阿卜杜拉（SWT）他说：

“I gave pledge of allegiance to the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) on the observance of prayer, payment of Zakah, and sincerity and well-wishing for every Muslim.” (agreed upon), and it is reported from Jarir b. ‘Abd Allah (swt) who said:

. قُ لْتُ: أُبَايِعُكَ عَلَى الإِسْلامِ، فَشَرَطَ عَلَيَّ: وَالنُّصْحِ لِكُلِّ أَتَ يْتُ النَّبِيَّ « » مُسْلِمٍ .

. قُ لْتُ: أُبَايِعُكَ عَلَى الإِسْلامِ، فَشَرَطَ عَلَيَّ: وَالنُّصْحِ لِكُلِّ أَتَ يْتُ النَّبِيَّ « » مُسْلِمٍ .

“我去见了先知ﷺ，向他宣誓效忠伊斯兰教，他以对每位穆斯林都进行劝诫作为条件。”（布哈里圣训集所载）

“I went to the Prophet and gave him the pledge of allegiance upon Islam, and he made it a condition to give the advice to every Muslim.” (reported by Al-Bukhari).

根据所有这些圣训所推导出的政治定义，无论其涉及统治者及其治理事务，还是涉及乌玛及其对统治者的问责，抑或涉及穆斯林之间彼此关心彼此事务、相互劝诫的关系，政治即是管理乌玛的事务。因此，本文所提及的政治定义，是从沙里亚证据中推导出的沙里亚定义。

The definition of politics deduced from all of these narrations, whether related to the ruler and his undertaking of ruling, or to the Ummah and its accounting of the ruler, or to the relationship of the Muslims with each other in being concerned over their issues and advising each other, is that it is the governing of the affairs of the Ummah, and therefore the definition of politics, which this article mentioned, is a Shari’ah definition deduced from the Shari’ah evidences.