第四十六条
Article 46
必须由哈里发审查受托助手(Tafwid)的行为及其对事务的管理,以确认其中正确的部分,并纠正任何错误,因为穆斯林乌玛(Ummah)的事务已委托给哈里发,并由其依据自身的伊吉提哈德(Ijtihad)来决定。
It is imperative that the Khalifah scrutinises the actions of the delegated assistants (Tafwid) and their management of the affairs, in order to confirm what was right, and to correct any errors, since the management of the affairs of the Ummah has been delegated to the Khalifah and is decided by his Ijtihad.
必须由哈里发审查授权助手(Tafwid)的行为及其对事务的管理,以确认其中正确的部分,并纠正任何错误,因为穆斯林乌玛的事务已委托给哈里发,并归于他的Ijtihad(独立判断)。其证据是关于此事责任的传述,即先知ﷺ的话语:«الإِمَامُ رَاعٍ وَمَسْئُولٌ عَنْ رَعِيَّتِهِ»。
It is imperative that the Khalifah scrutinises the actions of the delegated assistants (Tafwid) and their management of the affairs, in order to confirm what was right, and to correct any errors, since the management of the affairs of the Ummah has been delegated to the Khalifah and is attributed to his Ijtihad. The evidence for this is the narration regarding the responsibility over the subject, which is the words of the Prophet (phuh). . » الإِمَامُ رَاعٍ وَمَسْ ئُولٌ عَنْ رَعِيَّتِهِ «.
“伊玛目是监护人,他要为其臣民负责(将被问责)。”哈里发被委以管理事务之责,因而他要为臣民负责。至于助手,他并不对臣民负责,而只对自己所承担的工作负责。臣民的责任仅归于哈里发一人,因此,他有义务监督其助手的行为与管理,以便履行他对臣民的责任。此外,助手可能会犯错,因此必须纠正所发生的错误,所以有必要审查他的全部行为。
“The Imam is a guardian, and he is responsible (will be questioned) for his subjects”. The Khalifah has been delegated to manage the affairs and he is responsible over the subjects. On the other hand, the assistant is not responsible over the subjects; rather he is only responsible over whatever he carried out from the work. The responsibility of the subjects is limited to the Khalifah alone, and for that reason, it is obligatory for him to scrutinise the actions and management of his assistant, in order to carry out his responsibility for his subjects. Additionally, the assistant could make a mistake and ,therefore, it is imperative to correct the error that occurred, and so it is necessary to scrutinise all his actions.