政府和民众事务的管理由各个机构、部门和行政单位承担，它们的任务是确保国家事务的有效管理，并落实民众的利益。

Management of the government’s and people’s affairs is carried out by offices, departments, and administrations, whose task is to ensure the management of the State’s business and the carrying out of the people’s interests.

安拉的使者ﷺ过去经营事务，并任命书记员来处理行政工作。因此，使者ﷺ过去处理麦地那人民的事务，解决他们的问题，安排他们之间的关系，满足他们的需要，并引导他们走向对他们有益的事情。所有这些事务都属于行政事务，它们使他们的生活免于困难或复杂之苦。

The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) used to run and carry out the affairs and appoint secretaries for their administration. Thus, the Messenger (pbuh) used to carry out the affairs of the people in Madinah, solve their problems, organise their relations, secure their needs, and direct them to that which suited them. All of these matters are of the administration issues that eased their life from problems or complications:

在教育事务上,安拉的使者(愿主福安之)以教导十名穆斯林作为赎回异教战俘的条件,这种赎金(即教导十名穆斯林)以知识换取了战利品,而这些战利品成为了穆斯林的财产。因此,保障教育是穆斯林事务之一。

In matters of education, the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) made the ransom of the disbelieving prisoners of war the teaching of ten Muslims, where the ransom (the teaching of ten Muslims) was in return for spoils (education), which became property of the Muslims. Thus, securing education was one of the Muslims’ affairs.