私有财产是由财产本身或其所带来的利益所决定的伊斯兰教法规定。这使拥有财产的人有权从中获益，或者以其换取报酬。

Private property is Shari’ah rule determined by the property itself or the benefit from it. This qualifies the one that owns a property to benefit of it or gets an exchange for it.

本文的依据是伊斯兰教法的经据。这些经据表明，私有权的定义是立法者（swt）允许人们对财产本身加以使用，这既包括立法者（swt）关于使用方式的许可，也包括他（swt）关于财产本身能否被使用的许可。关于使用方式的许可，每一种使用都需要有相应的依据，因为它是信徒的行为，所以必须有立法者（swt）对此作出的明确指示。关于财产本身能否被使用的许可，则不需要为每一件物品都提供依据。相反，每一种财产的原则都是可以被拥有的，这是基于他（swt）的话语中的一般性证据：

The evidence of this article is the Shari’ah evidences which indicate that the definition of private ownership is the permission of the Legislator (swt) for the utilisation of the property itself, which encompasses His (swt) permission with respect to utilisation, which in turn requires an evidence for every utilisation since it is the action of the worshipper, and so it is imperative that there is an address from the Legislator (swt) regarding it. In the same way it also encompasses His (swt) permission with respect to whether the property itself can be utilised or not, which does not require an evidence for every item. Rather, the origin in every property is that it has been permitted to be owned due to the general evidence in His (swt) words:

“且祂为你们驯服了天上的一切和地上的一切，都是出于祂的恩赐。”（TMQ 45:13），因此禁止私人拥有某种特定财产，需要有经文依据。

“And He has subjected to you whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth - all from Him.” (TMQ 45:13), and so the prohibition of owning a specific property requires a text.

因此,允许使用财产的证据也允许了对财产的占有;而允许人类拥有一切事物的证据,则给予了他拥有任何事物的一般许可。由此从这两点可以推出:所有权的定义,就是立法者(SWT)许可对该财产本身加以使用。这就是本条所给出的定义的含义。

Accordingly the evidences for the permission of utilisation permitted the possession of the property, and the evidences which permitted every thing for human beings gave him the general permission to own anything, and so it has been deduced from these two issues that the definition of ownership is the permission of the Legislator (swt) for the utilisation of the property itself. This is the meaning of the definition mentioned in this article.

如果以一条面包的所有权为例，可以说这条面包是财产，而确定的关于它的伊斯兰教法规定是：立法者（SWT）允许人们利用它，包括食用、从中获益以及交换。这种利用的许可意味着，许可所涉及的对象即所有者，被允许吃这条面包，同样也被允许出售它。因此，关于该财产即这条面包所确定的教法规定是：允许食用和交换它。

If we take the example of the ownership of a loaf of bread, it would be said that the loaf of bread is the property, and it is determined that the Shari’ah rule regarding it is that the Legislator (swt) gave permission for people to utilise it, through consumption, benefiting from it and exchanging it. This permission for utilisation necessitates that the owner, who is the one whom the permission relates to, is enabled to eat the loaf of bread and similarly is enabled sell it. So the determined Shari’ah rule for the property, in other words, the loaf of bread, is that there is permission to consume and exchange it.

本条所列的定义，是以此为依据的；这一定义指的是立法者（Ash-Shaari'）对利用财产的许可。本条即是在此基础上起草的。

The definition mentioned in this article was based upon this, and this definition means the permission of the Legislator for the utilisation of the property. The article was drafted upon this basis.