如果哈里发一职因其领袖去世、辞职或被罢免而空缺，则有义务在哈里发职位空缺之日起三天内任命一位哈里发。

If the position of the Khilafah becomes vacant due to the death of its leader, his resignation or his removal, it is obligatory to appoint a Khalifah within three days from the date that the position of the Khilafah became vacant.

任命哈里发从前任哈里发去世或被罢免的那一刻起就成为义务。然而，如果任命是因为正在努力促成而发生在三天三夜之内，则是允许的。如果超过三夜，哈里发仍未被任命，则需要考虑：如果穆斯林正在努力建立哈里发制度，但因无法克服的压倒性环境而未能在三夜的时限内实现，那么罪责便从他们身上免除，因为他们忙于努力建立这一义务，并因使其延迟的任何原因而被迫推迟其建立。伊本·罕拜和伊本·马哲从伊本·阿拔斯处传述：安拉的使者ﷺ说：

Appointing the Khalifah becomes obligatory from the moment that the previous Khalifah dies or is removed. However, it is permitted for the appointment to occur within three days with their nights as long as it is due to working to achieve it. If it takes longer than three nights and the Khalifah has still not been appointed, then the issue is considered – if the Muslims are working to establish it but are unable to achieve that during the three night time limit due to overwhelming circumstances that they are unable to overcome, then the sin is lifted from them since they are busy working to establish the obligation and are compelled to delay its establishment due to whatever forced them. It is reported from Ibn Hibban and Ibn Maja from Ibn Abbas: the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said:

. » إِنَّ اللَّهَ وَضَعَ عَنْ أُمَّتِي الْخَطَأَ وَالنِّسْيَانَ وَمَا اسْ تُكْرِهُوا عَلَيْهِ « .

. » إِنَّ اللَّهَ وَضَعَ عَنْ أُمَّتِي الْخَطَأَ وَالنِّسْيَانَ وَمَا اسْ تُكْرِهُوا عَلَيْهِ « .

“真主确已为我的乌玛赦免了：他们的错误、他们的遗忘，以及他们被迫去做的事。”ﷺ 如果他们不是被这些压倒性的事务所牵绊，那么对于（履行）约定所允许的最长时间，便是三天及其夜晚。

“Verily Allah has pardoned for my Ummah: their mistakes, their forgetfulness, and that which they have been forced to do”. If they were not made busy with such overwhelming issues, then the most time allowed for the appointment is three days with their nights.

有关因哈里发职位空缺而必须立即着手确立对哈里发的效忠誓约（Bay'a）之义务，其证据是圣门弟子的一致公议（Ijma'）。在先知ﷺ去世之后，他们立即赶往萨基法·banu Sa'ida集会，且就在当天、在先知ﷺ下葬之前便开始行动；当天便完成了与艾卜·伯克尔（ra）的缔约之誓（Bay'at Al-In'iqad），次日人们又聚集于清真寺，给予服从之誓（Bay'at Al-Ta'ah）。

The evidence for the obligation of immediately working to establish the pledge of allegiance (Bay’a) to the Khalifah due only to the vacation of the position of the Khilafah is the Ijma’ of the companions. They immediately hurried to gather at Saqifa Bani Sa‘idah after the death of the Messenger (pbuh) on the same day and before his burial, and the pledge of contracting (Bay'at Al- In‘iqad) was completed on the same day with Abu Bakr (ra), and the next day the people gathered in the mosque to give the pledge of obedience (Bay'at Al-ta‘ah).

将哈里发职位的确立时限定为三天，原因在于：当乌马尔（愿真主喜悦他）的刀伤显然致命时，他把指定继任者的事交给了协商委员会的成员，并将他们的时限定为三天。他还下令，如果三天之内没有就哈里发人选达成一致，那么三天之后仍持异议者应被处死。为执行此令，他从穆斯林中选派了五十人。也就是说，即便those持异议者来自资深的圣门弟子，也要将其处死。所有这一切都被众圣门弟子看到并听到，却没有任何人对此加以谴责，而类似的事情在通常情况下本是应当受到非议的。因此，圣门弟子的一致意见（公议）被视为：哈里发之位空缺超过三天是不被允许的；而圣门弟子的公议与《古兰经》和圣训一样，是伊斯兰的证据。

Limiting the time to establish the appointment of the Khalifah to three days is due to that when it became apparent that Umar (ra) was going to die from his stab wound, he delegated the issue of appointment of his successor to the people of Shura, and limited them to three days, and then commissioned that if the Khalifah was not agreed upon within the three days, those who differed after the three days should be killed. He appointed fifty men from the Muslims in order to execute this - in other words, to kill the dissenter, even though they were from the senior companions, and all of this was seen and heard by the companions and none of them rebuked it even though normally anything similar to it would have been reproachable, so it is considered an Ijma’ of the companions that it is not permitted for the position of Khalifah to be left vacant for more than three days, and the Ijma’ of the companions is an Islamic evidence in the same manner as the Quran and the Sunnah.

Al-Bukhari 通过 Al-Miswar Bin Makhramah 报道，他说：

Al-Bukhari reported through Al-Miswar Bin Makhramah who said:

. طَرَقَنِي عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بَ عْدَ هَجْعٍ مِنْ اللَّيْلِ، فَضَرَبَ الْبَابَ حَتَّى اسْ تَ يْ قَظْتُ، « » فَ قَالَ أَرَاكَ نَائِمًا، فَ وَاللَّهِ مَا اكْتَحَلْتُ هَذِهِ اللَّيْ لَةَ بِكَبِيرِ نَ وْمٍ .

. طَرَقَنِي عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بَ عْدَ هَجْعٍ مِنْ اللَّيْلِ، فَضَرَبَ الْبَابَ حَتَّى اسْ تَ يْ قَظْتُ، « » فَ قَالَ أَرَاكَ نَائِمًا، فَ وَاللَّهِ مَا اكْتَحَلْتُ هَذِهِ اللَّيْ لَةَ بِكَبِيرِ نَ وْمٍ .

“阿卜杜·拉赫曼在夜深之时来拜访我，敲门直到我起身。他对我说：“我看你睡着了！以安拉发誓，过去三个夜晚我都没有睡够。””这段记载见于伊本·凯西尔的《开端与终局》（Al-Bidayah wa ’l-Nihayah）。

“Abdur-Rahman called on me after a portion of the night had passed and knocked on my door till I got up, and he said to me, "I see you have been sleeping! By Allah, during the last three nights I have not slept enough”. And Ibn Kathir mentioned in the book Al-Bidayah wa ’l-Nihayah.

. )فلما كانت الليلة التي يسفر صباحها عن اليوم الرابع من موت عمر، جاء عبد الرحمن بن عوف إلى منزل ابن أخته المسور بن مخرمة فقال: أنائم يا مسور؟ - - والله لَم أغتمض بكثير نوم منذ ثلاث ...( .

. )فلما كانت الليلة التي يسفر صباحها عن اليوم الرابع من موت عمر، جاء عبد الرحمن بن عوف إلى منزل ابن أخته المسور بن مخرمة فقال: أنائم يا مسور؟ - - والله لَم أغتمض بكثير نوم منذ ثلاث ...( .

当乌马尔去世后的第四天早晨即将到来的那个夜晚，阿卜杜勒·拉赫曼·本·奥夫来到他侄子穆希瓦尔·本·马赫拉马的家中，说道：“穆希瓦尔，你睡着了吗？以真主发誓，过去三个夜晚，我几乎没有合眼。”也就是最近的三个夜晚。当人们做晨礼时，与奥斯曼（愿真主喜悦他）的效忠宣誓便完成了。

“When the night whose morning would have been the fourth day after the death of Umar, ‘Abd Al-Rahman Bin ‘Auf came to the house of his nephew Al-Miswar Bin Makhramah and said “You are sleeping O Miswar? By Allah I did not get much sleep for the last three” - in other words, the last three nights and when the people prayed the Morning Prayer the pledge with ‘Uthman (ra) was completed.