第四十八条
Article 48
没有任何一位授权型辅佐官(Tafwid)专门负责行政机构中某个特定部门,而是其职责具有普遍性,因为承担行政事务的是公职人员(文官),而非统治者,而授权型辅佐官则是统治者。他在任何一项事务上都不被委以特定的权限,因为他的职责是普遍的。
None of the delegated assistants (Tafwid) specialises in a specific department from the departments of the administrative institution, rather his responsibility is general, since those who undertake the administrative affairs are employees (civil servants) and not rulers, while the delegated assistant is a ruler. He is not entrusted with a specific authority in any of the tasks since his responsibility is general.
证据在于圣训中“我的两位大臣”这一措辞。该段圣训载于阿布·伊萨·提尔米兹(Al-Tirmidhi)的著作中。此处的辅佐者是哈里发在哈里发制度中的辅佐者,也就是说,是在治理方面的辅佐者,因此他是统治者,而不是公务员。基于此,他不得处理行政事务,因为行政事务由公务员处理,而非由统治者处理。辅佐者是统治者,而不是公务员,因此他的职责是照管政务,而不是承担雇员所领薪酬去做的工作。所以,他不应当承担行政事务。这并不意味着禁止他做任何行政工作,而是说他不应被specifically指定去做行政工作;相反,他拥有的是全面的掌控权。
The proof is what is meant by the words “my two ministers” in the narration from Al-Tirmidhi, in that the assistant is the assistant to the Khalifah in the Khilafah - in other words, in ruling, and so he is a ruler and not a civil servant. For that reason, it is not permitted for him to deal with the administrative affairs since those are dealt with by civil servants and not by rulers. The assistant is a ruler and not a civil servant and so his work is taking care of the affairs and not to undertake work that employees are paid to do. Therefore, he should not undertake administrative affairs. This does not mean that it is forbidden for him to do any administrative work, rather that he should not be specified to do administrative work; rather he has general control.