政府服务管理的政策，以制度的简明、事务处理的迅速以及管理人员的胜任能力为基础。

The policy of the administration of services is based on simplicity of the system, speed in processing tasks and competence of the administrators.

这一点来自办理事务的本质：需要服务的人，自然希望事情能够迅速而有效地办妥。先知穆罕默德ﷺ说道。

This is taken from the nature of processing the services, for the person who requires a service needs to have it quickly and efficiently processed. The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said.

. إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَتَبَ الإِحْسَانَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ، فَإِذَا قَ تَ لْ تُمْ فَأَحْسِ نُوا الْقِتْ لَةَ، وَإِذَا « »... ذَبَحْ تُمْ فَأَحْسِنُوا الذَّبْحَ .

. إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَتَبَ الإِحْسَانَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ، فَإِذَا قَ تَ لْ تُمْ فَأَحْسِ نُوا الْقِتْ لَةَ، وَإِذَا « »... ذَبَحْ تُمْ فَأَحْسِنُوا الذَّبْحَ .

“真主确已规定在一切事务中都要追求卓越（Ihsan，尽善尽美）。所以，你们杀戮时，要杀得善；宰牲时，要宰得善……”（穆斯林圣训实录收录，传述者为沙达德·本·奥斯）。因此，沙里亚要求把行为做到尽善尽美。为此，管理机构应当具备三项品质。第一：制度的简明，简明则办事便捷，繁琐则使人困难。第二：办理事务的迅速，使民众免于不必要的拖延。第三：工作人员的能力与胜任。只有这样，才能使工作的执行与成果臻于完善。

“Verily Allah has prescribed Ihsan (proficiency, perfection) in all things. So if you kill then kill well; and if you slaughter, then slaughter well...” (narrated by Muslim from Shaddad b. Aws). Therefore, the perfection in executing actions is ordered by the Shari’ah. To achieve this, the administration should observe three qualities. Firstly: the simplicity of the system that would lead to the ease of processing, whereas complication would lead to hardship. Secondly: the speed in processing the transactions that would spare people of unnecessary delay. Thirdly: the ability and competence of the employees. This is required to perfect the performance and result of the task.

以下这三者的相关传述证据包括：

The reported evidences regarding these three include:

简单。

Simplicity.

- 一致认定的、来自艾卜·穆萨的传述，措辞依据布哈里的版本：据赛义德·本·艾卜·布尔达从他的父亲、再从他的祖父所传：当使者ﷺ派遣穆阿兹·本·哲白勒时，他说：

- The agreed upon narration from Abu Musa with the wording from Al-Bukhari: from Sa‘id b. Abi Burdah from his father from his grandfather: When the Messenger (pbuh) sent Mu’ath Bin Jabal he said:

“……要使人易行，不要使人难行；要让人欢喜，不要让人厌恶；彼此配合，互相协作。”——Anas所传，经共同认可的圣训，他说：

. »... يَسِّرَا وَلا تُ عَ سِّرَا، وَبَشِّرَا وَلا تُ نَ فِّرَا، وَتَطَاوَعَا « . - “Show leniency (to the people); do not be hard upon them; give glad tidings (of divine favors) to them; and don’t create aversion; work in collaboration. - The agreed upon narration from Anas, he said:

. » يَسِّرُوا وَلا تُ عَسِّرُوا، وَسَكِّنُوا وَلا تُ نَ فِّرُوا « .

. » يَسِّرُوا وَلا تُ عَسِّرُوا، وَسَكِّنُوا وَلا تُ نَ فِّرُوا « .

- 先知(愿主福安之)说:“要宽厚待人,不要严苛对待他们;使人平静,不要引起他们的反感。” ﷺ - 阿慕尔·本·穆拉的传述,见于哈基姆所辑录,哈基姆认定其为可靠,达哈比也予以确认。他说:我听见安拉的使者(愿主福安之)说:ﷺ 凡关闭门户、不接待有需要、贫困和困窘之人的,安拉也会关闭天门,不理会他的需要、困窘、贫穷和匮乏。

- The Prophet (phuh) said: Show leniency (to the people) and do not be hard upon them; calm people and do not arouse their aversion.” - The narration of Amr b. Murra found with Al-Hakim who authenticated it and Al-Dhahabi confirmed it, he said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) say. . مَنْ أَغْلَقَ بَابَهُ دُونَ ذَوِي الْحَاجَةِ وَالخِلَّةِ وَالْمَسْكَنَةِ، أَغْلَقَ اللَّهُ بَابَ السَّمَاءِ « » دُونَ خِلَّتِهِ وَحَاجَتِهِ وَفَ قْرِهِ وَمَسْكَنَتِهِ .

“谁关闭门户，不理会那些有需要、一无所有和贫穷的人，安拉也会关闭天门，不回应他的需要、贫困和匮乏。”

- “Whoever closes his door to those of need, those with nothing, and the poor, Allah will close the door of the sky to his need, poverty, and want.”.

- 阿布·玛尔亚姆·阿兹迪的传述，由哈基姆（Al-Hakim）引述，哈基姆认定其为可靠（sahih），达希比（Al-Dhahabi）亦予以确认：我听见安拉的使者ﷺ说。

- The narration of Abu Maryam Al-Azdi with Al-Hakim who authenticated it and Al-Dhahabi confirmed it: I heard the Messenger of Allah (pbuh).

. مَنْ وَلِيَ مِنْ أَمْرِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ شَيْئاً فَاحْ تَجَبَ دُونَ خِلَّتِهِمْ وَحَاجَتِهِمْ وَفَ قْرِهِمْ « » وَفَاقَتِهِمْ، احْ تَجَبَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يَ وْمَ القِيَامَةِ دَونَ خِلَّتِهِ وَفَاقَتِهِ وَحَاجَتِهِ وَفَ قْرِه. 翻译：“若安拉使某人执掌穆斯林事务的某一部分，而他却对他们的需要、需求和贫困闭门不理，那么安拉至尊至大，在复活日也会对他的需要、需求和贫困闭门不理。” 阿勒-哈基姆在《补充〈两部圣训实录〉》（Al-Mustadrak ‘Ala Al-Sahihayn）中说：此段传述的传述链是可靠的，布哈里和穆斯林没有收录它，其传述链是可靠的沙米传述链。

. مَنْ وَلِيَ مِنْ أَمْرِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ شَيْئاً فَاحْ تَجَبَ دُونَ خِلَّتِهِمْ وَحَاجَتِهِمْ وَفَ قْرِهِمْ « » وَفَاقَتِهِمْ، احْ تَجَبَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يَ وْمَ القِيَامَةِ دَونَ خِلَّتِهِ وَفَاقَتِهِ وَحَاجَتِهِ وَفَ قْرِه. - “If Allah puts anyone in the position of authority over the affairs of the Muslims, and he secludes himself (from them), not fulfilling their needs, wants, and poverty, Allah will keep Himself away from him, not fulfilling his need, want and poverty.”. Al-Hakim said in Al-Mustadrak ‘Ala Al-Sahihayn: This narration has an authentic chain, Bukhari and Muslim did not report it, and its chain is an authentic shami one.

- 穆阿兹传述，由艾哈迈德记录，并经泽因认证：安拉的使者ﷺ说：

- The narration of Mu’adh with Ahmad and authenticated by Al-Zain: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said:

. مَنْ وَلِيَ مِنْ أَمْرِ النَّاسِ شَيْئًا فَاحْتَجَبَ عَنْ أُولِي الضَّعَفَةِ وَالْحَاجَةِ، احْ تَجَبَ « » اللَّهُ عَ نْهُ ي وَْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ .

. مَنْ وَلِيَ مِنْ أَمْرِ النَّاسِ شَيْئًا فَاحْتَجَبَ عَنْ أُولِي الضَّعَفَةِ وَالْحَاجَةِ، احْ تَجَبَ « » اللَّهُ عَ نْهُ ي وَْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ .

“谁担任了民众事务中的任何职务，却疏远那些软弱和贫困的人，真主在复活日就会疏远他。”

- “Whoever takes charge of anything of the peoples’ affairs, and withdraws himself from those who are weak and needy, Allah Withdraws from him on the Day of Judgement”.

Understood. Please send the English text you would like translated into Simplified Chinese.

Speed in completion.

- 泰伯拉尼以一条传述链记载，其中的传述人皆可信，唯巴基亚存在争议，传述自艾卜·胡莱赖，他说：安拉的使者ﷺ说。

- Al-Tabarani with a chain whose men are all trustworthy except for Baqiya, who is disagreed upon, from Abu Hurayra who said: The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said.

. إِيَّاكُمْ وَالإِقْ رَادُ. قَالُوا: يَا رَسُ ولَ اللَّهِ وَمَا الإِقْ رَادُ ؟ قَالَ: يَكُونُ أَحَدُكُمْ أَمِيراً « أَوْ عَامِلاً فَ تَأْتِيهِ الأَرْمَلَةُ وَالمِسْكِينُ فَ يُ قَالُ لَهُ: انْ تَظِرْ حَتَّى ي نُْظُرَ فِي حَاجَتِكَ، فَ يُتْ رَكُونَ مُقْرَدِينَ لاَ تُ قْضَى لَهُمْ حَاجَةٌ وَلاَ ي ؤُْمَرُونَ فَ يَ نصِرِفُونَ، وَيَأْتِي الرَّجُلُ الغَنِيُّ الشَّرِيفُ فَ يُ قْعِدُهُ إِلَى جَانِبِهِ ثُمَّ يَ قُولُ: مَا حَاجَتُكَ ؟ فَ يَ قُولُ: كَذَا وَكَذَا. فَ يَ قُولُ: اقْضُوا حَاجَتَهُ » وَعَجِّلُوا بِهَا .

. إِيَّاكُمْ وَالإِقْ رَادُ. قَالُوا: يَا رَسُ ولَ اللَّهِ وَمَا الإِقْ رَادُ ؟ قَالَ: يَكُونُ أَحَدُكُمْ أَمِيراً « أَوْ عَامِلاً فَ تَأْتِيهِ الأَرْمَلَةُ وَالمِسْكِينُ فَ يُ قَالُ لَهُ: انْ تَظِرْ حَتَّى ي نُْظُرَ فِي حَاجَتِكَ، فَ يُتْ رَكُونَ مُقْرَدِينَ لاَ تُ قْضَى لَهُمْ حَاجَةٌ وَلاَ ي ؤُْمَرُونَ فَ يَ نصِرِفُونَ، وَيَأْتِي الرَّجُلُ الغَنِيُّ الشَّرِيفُ فَ يُ قْعِدُهُ إِلَى جَانِبِهِ ثُمَّ يَ قُولُ: مَا حَاجَتُكَ ؟ فَ يَ قُولُ: كَذَا وَكَذَا. فَ يَ قُولُ: اقْضُوا حَاجَتَهُ » وَعَجِّلُوا بِهَا .

“我警告你们提防‘Iqrad’。”他们问道：“真主的使者啊，‘Iqrad’是什么？”他说：“就是你们中有人做了埃米尔或官员，寡妇和弱者来找他，有人对他说：‘等一等，我们看看你的需求。’于是他们被晾在一边、无人理会。他们的需求得不到处理，也没有人告诉他们该怎么办，他们便离开了。这时，一位富有的显贵走来坐在他身旁，他就问：‘你有什么需求？’那人答道：‘某某事。’于是他说：‘去办他的事，要快。’”ﷺ

– “I warn you from ‘Iqrad." They asked: O Messenger of Allah (pbuh) what is ‘Iqrad’? He said: For one of you to be an Amir or an ‘amil, and the widowed and the weak come to him and it is said to him: Wait until we look into your need, and so they are left waiting unattented for. Their need is not dealt with nor are they told what to do and so they leave. A rich noble man comes and sits by his side and then says: What is your need? And he replies: such and such. And so he said: Take care of his need, and be quick about it”.

- 伊本·沙布巴在其《历史》中转述伊本·舒塔布的话：欧麦尔（愿真主喜悦他）说：“众人啊，不要把今天的工作拖到明天，因为如果你们那样做，工作就会追赶你们，以至于你们不知道该从哪里开始去做你们所遗漏的事情。” - 沙斐仪在《乌姆》中说：不止一位学者告诉我们，欧麦尔·本·哈塔布（愿真主喜悦他）来查看他们从伊拉克所获得的财物时，司库对他说：“我要把它放进国库（Bayt Al-Mal）。”他说：“不，以克尔白的主发誓，在我将其分配之前，它不会被放在任何房屋的屋顶之下。”

- Ibn Shibbah in his Ta’rikh reports from Ibn Shuthab who said: Umar (ra) said “O people, do not delay today’s work until tomorrow, since if you did that the work would catch up with you such that you would not know to start what you left.” - Al-Shafi’i said in Al-Umm: More than one person of the people of knowledge informed us that when Umar Bin Al- Khattab (ra) came to see what they had gained from Iraq, the treasurer said to him: I will put it in the treasury (Bayt Al-Mal). He said: No by the Lord of the Ka’ba, it will not be placed under the roof of a house until I have divided it.

- 艾哈迈德在《Al-Zuhd》中、伊本·阿卜杜·巴尔在《Al-Isti‘ab》中、伊本·阿比·阿辛在《Al-Zuhd》中，据多人转述：阿里（愿真主喜悦他）曾命人将国库打扫干净并冲洗，然后他在国库中礼拜，希望能够见到审判日；而当时国库中并没有存放穆斯林的任何财富。

- Ahmad in Al-Zuhd and Ibn ‘Abd alBirr in Al-Isti‘ab and Ibn Abi ‘Asim in Al-Zuhd, from a number of people – that Ali (ra) used to order for the treasury to be swept and washed, then he would pray in it hoping that he would see the Day of Judgement and there was nothing being held in the treasury from the Muslims’ wealth.

能力

Capability.

- Ahmad from Huthaythah, with a Hasan chain, that the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said. . إِنَّ قَ وْم اً كَان وُا أَهْلَ ضَعْفٍ وَمَسْكَنَةٍ قَاتَ لَهُمْ أَهْلُ تَجَ بُّرٍ وَعَ دَدٍ، فَأَظْهَرَ اللَّهُ « أَهْلَ الضَّعْفِ عَلَيْهِمْ، فَ عَمَدُوا إِلَى عَدُوِّهِمْ فَاسْتَ عْمَلُوهُمْ وَسَلَّطُوهُمْ، فَأَسْخَطُوا اللَّهَ » عَلَيْهِمْ إِلَى ي وَْمِ يَ لْقَوْنَه .

- Ahmad from Huthaythah, with a Hasan chain, that the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said. . إِنَّ قَ وْم اً كَان وُا أَهْلَ ضَعْفٍ وَمَسْكَنَةٍ قَاتَ لَهُمْ أَهْلُ تَجَ بُّرٍ وَعَ دَدٍ، فَأَظْهَرَ اللَّهُ « أَهْلَ الضَّعْفِ عَلَيْهِمْ، فَ عَمَدُوا إِلَى عَدُوِّهِمْ فَاسْتَ عْمَلُوهُمْ وَسَلَّطُوهُمْ، فَأَسْخَطُوا اللَّهَ » عَلَيْهِمْ إِلَى ي وَْمِ يَ لْقَوْنَه .

“一个弱小贫穷的民族与一个强大富足的民族作战，真主使他们中的弱者获得胜利。随后他们以统治来报复敌人，于是真主对他们发怒，直到他们与祂相见的那一天。”

– “A people who were weak and poor fought against a people who were strong and plentiful, and Allah gave the victory to the weak amongst them. Then they took revenge upon their enemy by dominating them, and so Allah became angry with them until the day they would meet Him”.

- 穆斯林转述，阿布·穆萨说：安拉的使者ﷺ说。

- Muslim from Abu Musa who said that the Messenger of Allah (pbuh) said.

. » إِنَّا وَاللَّهِ، لاَ ن وَُلِّي عَلَى هَذَا الْعَمَلِ أَحَدًا سَأَلَهُ، وَلاَ أَحَدًا حَرَصَ عَلَيْهِ « .

. » إِنَّا وَاللَّهِ، لاَ ن وَُلِّي عَلَى هَذَا الْعَمَلِ أَحَدًا سَأَلَهُ، وَلاَ أَحَدًا حَرَصَ عَلَيْهِ « .

“以安拉发誓，我们不会任命那些主动求取此职的人，也不会任命那些为此职而争夺的人。”

- “By Allah we do not appoint someone to this post who seeks it or someone who contends for it .”.

- 拜海吉在《Al-Shub》中引述欧麦尔（愿真主喜悦他）的话："只有那样的人才应当在人们之间裁决：他有健全的判断力，有娴熟的技能，不寻找可耻的行为，不怀恨自己的同胞，也不畏惧责备者的指责。"

- Al-Bayhaqi in Al-Shub from Umar (ra) who said “The only one who should judge between people is the one with sound judgement, skillful, does not look for shameful acts, is not hateful of his people, and is not afraid of the blame of the blamers.”.

- 海克姆在《道拉克》中引述了宰德·本·艾slam传自其父、再传自欧麦尔（愿真主喜悦他）的一段圣训，他认定其真实可靠，宰哈比也认可了这一判断：欧麦尔（愿真主喜悦他）对他的同伴们说：你们许个愿吧。有人说：我希望这间屋子里装满黄金，我就可以用它来做真主的事业并施舍。一个人说：我希望它装满水晶和珠宝，我就可以用它来做真主的事业并施舍。于是欧麦尔（愿真主喜悦他）说：你们许个愿吧。他们便说：信士们的长官啊，我们不知道该许什么。欧麦尔（愿真主喜悦他）说：我希望这间屋子里装满像阿布·欧拜代·本·哲拉赫、穆阿兹·本·哲白勒、以及阿布·胡宰法的奴隶萨利姆和胡宰法·本·叶马尼这样的人。

- Al-Hakim in Al-Mustadrak mentioned a narration from Zayd b. Aslam, from his father, from Umar (ra), which he authenticated and Al-Dhahabi confirmed that: Umar (ra) said to his companions: Wish for something. Some of them said: I wish that this house was full of gold, which I could spend in the cause of Allah and give charity. A man said: I wish it was full of crystals and jewellery so I could spend it in the cause of Allah and give charity. Then Umar (ra) said: Wish for something, and so they said: We don’t know O Leader of the Believers. And so Umar (ra) said: I wish that this house was full of men like Abu Ubaydah b. Al-Jarrah and Mu‘adh b. Jabal and Salim the servant of Abu Huthayfah Huthaifah b. Al-Yaman.”.