工厂本质上属于私有财产。然而，它们遵循其所生产产品的规则。如果产品是私有财产，那么工厂也被视为私有财产，例如纺织厂。如果产品是公有财产，那么工厂就被视为公有财产，例如铁矿石生产工厂。

Factories by their nature are private property. However, they follow the rule of the product that they are producing. If the product is private property then the factory is considered to be private property, such as textile factories. If the product is public property then the factory is considered public property, such as factories for iron ore production.

本文分为两个部分:第一,其根源在于工厂归个人所有;第二,工厂采用其所生产产品的裁决。

This article has two parts: Firstly, the origin is that factories are owned by individuals, and secondly, that the factory takes the rule of the product that it produces.

关于第一部分，其证据是：

As for the first part, its evidence is that:

. » اصْطَنَعَ خَاتًََا أَنَّ النَّبَِِّ « .

. » اصْطَنَعَ خَاتًََا أَنَّ النَّبَِِّ « .

“先知（愿主福安之）为自己打造了一枚戒指”，由布哈里从阿卜杜拉·本·欧麦尔处转述。

“the Messenger (pbuh) had a ring made for him” reported by Al-Bukhari from ‘Abdullah b. Umar, and:

.» اسْتَصْنَعَ المنِْبَرَ أَنَّهُ « .

.» اسْتَصْنَعَ المنِْبَرَ أَنَّهُ « .

“命人为他做了一个讲坛”，这是艾哈迈德·本·沙利赫·布哈里从萨赫勒·本·萨阿德·赛迪所传述的，而这些讲坛是由亲自拥有作坊的人制作的。此外，在先知（ﷺ）的时代，人们常常委托他人为自己制作物品，先知（ﷺ）对此保持沉默，以至于其中一些人从事兵器制作，例如胡巴卜，他在蒙昧时期（伊斯兰教来临之前的无知时代）就制作剑，皈依伊斯兰教之后仍然如此。他的故事见于伊本·希沙姆的《传记》，内容是阿斯·本·瓦伊勒·赛赫米向胡巴卜购买了一把剑。胡巴卜前来向阿斯确认价钱时，阿斯开玩笑说：“我在乐园中为它付钱。”这表明他认可了个人对作坊的所有权，无论是兵器作坊、矿产作坊、木工作坊，还是其他任何作坊。没有传述说他禁止拥有作坊，也没有任何经文说作坊属于公共财产，正如也没有任何经文说作坊属于国家所有。因此，作坊可以作为私有财产的证据依然是普遍的。这是第一部分的证据。至于第二部分，其证据是以下原则：

“had a pulpit made” as reported by Al-Bukhari from Sahl b. Sa’d Al-Sa’idi, and they were produced by individuals who personally owned the factory. Additionally, people used to have things made for them at the time of the Messenger (pbuh) and he remained quiet over it, to the point that some of them used to make weapons, like Khubab who used to make swords in Jahiliyyah (the era of ignorance before Islam) and continued after he embraced Islam, and his story is mentioned in the Sirah of Ibn Hisham with Al-‘As Bin Wa’il Al-Sahmi when he bought a sword from Khubab. When Khubab came to Al-‘As to confirm the price he joked with him saying: I’ll pay the price for it in Paradise. This indicates that he affirmed individual ownership of factories, irrespective of whether they were weapon, mineral or carpentry factories or anything else. It is not reported that he prohibited the ownership of factories, and there is no text which states that factories are public property, in the same way that there is no text which states that factories belong to the State. Therefore, the evidence that factories can be private property remains general. This is the evidence for the first part. As for the second, its evidence is the rule:

.» إن المصنع يأخذ حكم ما ينتج «.

.» إن المصنع يأخذ حكم ما ينتج «.

“工厂拥有其所产物的裁决”，这一规则是从先知的圣训中推导出来的：据传，使者ﷺ说道：

“The factory takes the rule of what it produces”, and this rule is deduced from the Prophetic narration; it is reported that the Messenger (pbuh) said:

.» لَعَنَ اللهُ شَارِبَ الخَمْرِ وَعَاصِرَهَ ا وَمُعْتَصِرَهَا «.

.» لَعَنَ اللهُ شَارِبَ الخَمْرِ وَعَاصِرَهَ ا وَمُعْتَصِرَهَا «.

“真主（SWT）诅咒了酒、饮酒者、给酒的人、卖酒的人、买酒的人、榨酒的人。”这是一段来自艾卜·达乌德的圣训的一部分，由伊本·赛肯认证，该圣训的完整内容为：

“Allah (swt) has cursed wine, its drinker, its server, its seller, its buyer, its presser” which is part of a narration in Abu Dawud from Ibn Umar that is authenticated by Ibn Al-Sakan, and the complete narration is:

. لَعَنَ اللَّهُ الخَْمْرَ وَشَارِبهََا وَسَاقِيَهَا وَبَائِعَهَا وَمُبْتَاعَهَا وَعَاصِرَهَا وَمُعْتَصِرَهَا وَحَامِلَهَا « » وَالْمَحْمُولَة إِلَيْهِ .

. لَعَنَ اللَّهُ الخَْمْرَ وَشَارِبهََا وَسَاقِيَهَا وَبَائِعَهَا وَمُبْتَاعَهَا وَعَاصِرَهَا وَمُعْتَصِرَهَا وَحَامِلَهَا « » وَالْمَحْمُولَة إِلَيْهِ .

“安拉（SWT）诅咒了酒、饮酒者、斟酒者、卖酒者、买酒者、榨酒者、为其榨酒者、运送酒者，以及被运送至之人。”因此，禁止榨酒并不是禁止榨取本身，而是specifically禁止为了制作酒而榨取。所以，榨取因酒被禁而被禁止，它便承受了其所为之物的律例，禁令因而适用于榨取，也就是榨取的过程，并因此适用于用于榨取的器具。因此，生产承受其所产出之物的律例，工厂承受其所制造之物的律例；这便是工厂承受其所产之物律例的证据，换言之，它是这一律例的证据，因为工厂被禁是由于其所产之物被禁。该段圣训并不是工厂属于公有财产的证据，它只是工厂承受其所产之物律例的证据。这便是第二部分的证据；换言之，从该圣训推导出的律例，就是这一部分的证据。

“Allah (swt) has cursed wine, its drinker, its server, its seller, its buyer, its presser, the one for whom it is pressed, the one who conveys it, and the one to whom it is conveyed.”, and so the prohibition of pressing wine is not a prohibition of pressing itself, but rather it is a prohibition of pressing wine specifically. Therefore, pressing is not forbidden (Haram), but rather it is the pressing to produce alcohol which is forbidden. So pressing is forbidden due to the forbiddance of alcohol, and so it took the rule of the thing that it was being pressed for, and so the prohibition applies to pressing, or in other words, the process of pressing, and so it applies to the instruments used for pressing. Therefore, the production takes the rule of the product that it is producing, and the factory takes the rule of the product that it manufactures, and this is the evidence that the factory takes the rule of what it produces, in other words, it is the evidence for this rule, since the forbiddance of the factory came from the forbiddance of the product that it produces. The narration is not evidence that factories are public property; rather it is only evidence for the factory taking the rule of the product that it produces. This is the evidence for the second part; in other words, the rule deduced from the narration is the evidence for this part.

因此，工厂也应依此原则来判定：如果其所生产的产品不是取自被视为公共财产的物质，那么这些产品属于个人所有，例如纺织厂，因为先知ﷺ认可了剑、衣服和鞋子的生产，而这些都是属于个人所有的物品。如果工厂生产的是被视为公共财产的物质，例如开采石油、钢铁的工厂，那么它们被视为公共财产，而非私有财产。这是因为先知ﷺ禁止生产酒类时，把工厂的裁定与其所生产物质的裁定等同，这正是本条的证据。

Factories are, therefore, judged upon this basis; so if the product they produce is not from the materials which are counted as public property, then these products are owned individually, such as textile factories, because the Messenger (pbuh) affirmed the production of swords, clothes and shoes which are all things that are individually owned. If the factories were producing materials which are counted as public property, such as factories to extract oil, and steel, then they are considered to be public and not private property. This is because when the Messenger (pbuh) prohibited the production of alcohol, he gave the factory the rule of the material it produces, which is the evidence for this article.