Al-Ankabut (O'rgimchak)

Al-Ankabut (O'rgimchak) - Qur'on soyasida | Quran Course

Imon sūrasining markaziy mavzusidir. Sūraning boshidagi oyatlardan so‘ng, u Nūh, Ibrohim, Lut, Shu‘ayb, ʿĀd, Samūd, Qorun, Fir‘avn va Hāmān haqida ketma-ket hikoya qiladi. Bu hikoyalarda asrlar davomida imonga chaqiriqqa duch kelgan to‘siqlar va sinovlarning ba’zilari tasvirlanadi. Sūra so‘ngra ushbu hikoyalarga sharh beradi hamda ular orqali haqqa, imonga va ilohiy hidoyatga qarshi turgan kuchlarni ko‘rsatadi. Sūra shuni ko‘rsatadiki, bunday barcha kuchlarning ahamiyati kam. Darhaqiqat, Alloh ularning hammasini tegishli vaqtda halok qildi: “Biz ularning har birini o‘z gunohi uchun jazoladik: ulardan ba’ziga halokatli bo‘ron yubordik, ba’ziga dahshatli qiyomat tushirdik, ba’zilarini yer yutdi, ba’zilarini esa suvga g‘arq qildik.” (40-oyat) Sūra bunday kuchlarning zaifligi va arzimasligini ko‘rsatuvchi o‘xshatish keltiradi: “Alloh o‘rniga o‘zlariga homiy tutganlarning misoli o‘z uyini quradigan o‘rgimchakka o‘xshaydi. Holbuki, o‘rgimchakning uyi barcha uylar ichida eng zaifidir, agar ular bilsalar.” (41-oyat)

Faith is, then, the sūrah’s central theme. Shortly after its opening verses, it relates aspects about Noah, Abraham, Lot, Shu`ayb, the `Ād, the Thamūd, Qārūn, Pharaoh and Hāmān, in quick succession, describing some of the impediments and tests that confronted the call to faith over many centuries. The sūrah then comments on these stories and the forces that appear through them to be lined up against truth, faith and divine guidance. It shows that all such forces are of little consequence. Indeed, God destroyed them all at the appropriate time: “We took each one of them to task for their sins: upon some of them We let loose a deadly storm wind; and some were overtaken by a blast; and some We caused to be swallowed by the earth; and some We caused to drown.” (Verse 40) The sūrah draws a comparison that shows the weakness and insignificance of such forces: “Those who take anyone other than God for their protectors may be compared to the spider which makes for itself a home. Indeed the spider’s home is the frailest of all homes, if they but knew it.” (Verse 41)

U'sha sura keyin barcha shu xabarlar o'rtasidagi birlikni, ularning Muhammad (alayhissalom) xabari bilan birligini tasdiqlaydi. Ularning barchasini Xudo bergan, ular odamlarni xuddi shunday chaqirgan, yolg'iz Xudoga iymon keltirishga da'vat etgan. Sura so'nggi yuqoridan nozil qilingan vahiylar haqida va kofirlarning uni qanday qabul qilganlari, mo''jizalar talab qilganlari haqida davom etadi. Ular bu kitob - Qur'on va unda mo'minlar uchun mavjud rahmat va eslatmalarga qanoatlanmaydilar. Darhaqiqat, ular Xudoning azobining kelishini shoshiradilar, do'zax ularni o'rab olishiga kam e'tibor beradilar. Ularning bu borasidagi mantig'i ziddiyatlidir: "Agar ulardan so'rasang: "Osmonlar va yerni kim yaratgan va quyosh hamda oyni [O'z qonunlariga] bo'ysundirgan?" - albatta: "Xudo", deb javob beradilar" (61-oyat); "Agar ulardan so'rasang: "Osmondan suv yuborib, o'lik bo'lgan yerni undan keyin tiriltirgan kim?" - albatta: "Xudo", deb javob beradilar" (63-oyat), va "Ular kemaga o'tirganlarida, faqat Unga bo'lgan imonlarida xolis bo'lib, Xudoga iltijo qiladilar" (65-oyat). Shunga qaramay, ular Xudoga sherik keltirishda va mo'minlarni ta'qib qilishda davom etadilar.

It then asserts the unity between all these messages and that of Muhammad (peace be upon him). They were all given by God, and they all call on people in the same way, urging them to believe in God alone. The sūrah goes on to speak about the last revelations bestowed from on high and how the unbelievers received it, demanding miracles. They are not satisfied with this book, the Qur’ān, and all it contains of mercy and reminders to believers. Indeed, they hasten the coming of God’s punishment, paying little credence to the fact that hell will encompass them. Their logic in all this is contradictory: “If you were to ask them: ‘Who is it that has created the heavens and the earth, and made the sun and the moon subservient [to His laws]?’ they will be sure to answer: ‘God.’“ (Verse 61); “If you were to ask them: ‘Who is it that sends water from the skies, thus giving life to the earth after it had been lifeless?’ they will be sure to answer: ‘God.’“ (Verse 63), and “When they embark on a ship, they call to God, sincere in their faith in Him alone.” (Verse 65) Despite all this, however, they continue to associate partners with God and to persecute the believers.

Al-Ankabut (O'rgimchak)

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