Osmonlar va yerdagi barcha narsalar Allohning cheksiz ulug'ligini ta'riflaydi. U — Qudratli, Donishmand. Osmonlar va yer hukmronligi Unikidir. U hayot beradi va o'lim keltiradi; U barcha narsaga qodirdir. U Avval va Oxir, Zohir va Botindir. U barcha narsani to'liq biladi. Osmonlar va yerni olti kunda yaratgan va Arshga o'rnashgan Zotdir. U yerga kiradigan va undan chiqadigan barcha narsani, osmondan tushadigan va unga ko'tariladigan barcha narsani biladi. Qayerda bo'lsangiz ham, U siz bilan birgadir; Alloh qilayotgan barcha ishlaringizni ko'radi. Osmonlar va yer hukmronligi Unikidir. Barcha narsa Allohga qaytadi. U kechani kunga, kunni kechaga aylantiradi; va har bir qalbda nima borligini to'liq biladi. (1-6-oyatlar)

Everything in the heavens and earth extols God's limitless glory. He is the Almighty, the Wise. His is the dominion over the heavens and the earth. He grants life and causes death; and He has power over all things. He is the First and the Last, the Outer and the Inner. He has full knowledge of all things. It is He who created the heavens and the earth in six days and established Himself on the throne. He knows all that goes into the earth and all that comes out of it; all that descends from the skies and all that ascends to them. He is with you wherever you may be; and God sees all that you do. His is the dominion over the heavens and the earth. Everything goes back to God. He causes the night to pass into the day, and the day to pass into the night; and He has full knowledge of what is in every heart. (Verses 1-6)

Ushbu kirish Xudoning sifatlarining amalda namoyon bo‘lishini birlashtiradi. Biz aniq ko‘ramizki, hammasini Xudo vujudga keltiradi, hammasini o‘z ichiga oladi, hammasini boshqaradi va hammasini biladi. Osmonlar va yerda ishlayotgan Xudoning qudratli qo‘lini ko‘ramiz, u ichki his-tuyg‘ularga ta’sir etadi, chuqur yashirin sirlarni ochib beradi va koinotga hamda u yerda yashayotgan barchaga yuqoridan nazar soladi. Bu kuchli kirish qalbimizni qattiq silkitadi, chunki u bizni koinot bo‘ylab sayohatga olib chiqadi, u yerda biz Xudodan o‘zga hech kimni topmaymiz, ko‘rmaymiz va eshitmaymiz. Biz tushunib yetamizki, Uning irodasidan qocha olmaymiz, Uning bilimidan yashira olmaymiz va Undan o‘zga biror kimsaga panoh topa olmaymiz hamda murojaat qila olmaymiz.

This opening brings together a number of the attributes of Godhead as they manifest themselves in action. We see clearly that it is God who originates all, encompasses all, controls all and knows all. We see the hand of God as it works throughout the heavens and earth, tackles innermost feelings, brings out deeply-buried secrets and looks from above on the universe and all who abide there. This powerful opening strongly shakes our hearts as it takes us on a round through the universe where we find, see and hear none other than God. We realize that we cannot escape His will, hide from His knowledge, seek refuge with, or appeal to anyone other than Him.

Bu birinchi oyat Xudoning ulug‘lanishining bu buyuk umumjahon bayramini tasvirlaganidan so‘ng, nafasimizni zo‘rg‘a rostlab olamiz. Sura darhol bizni koinotda yana bir aylanishga olib boradi: “Osmonlar va yer mulki Unikidir. U hayot baxsh etadi va o‘ldiradi; U hamma narsaga qodirdir.” (2-oyat) Biz bilib oldikki, osmonlar va yerdagi hamma narsa Xudoning ulug‘ligini ulug‘laydi, chunki U koinotning yagona egasi bo‘lib, Uning hukmronligida hech kim sherik emas. Demak, bu mulkining egasini uning mulki orqali ulug‘lash masalasidir. Hayot va o‘limni yaratuvchi ham Odir: har bir jonzotga hayot ato etadi, so‘ng uning o‘limini belgilaydi. Irodasidan boshqa hech narsa sodir bo‘lmaydi.

We hardly catch our breath after this first verse has portrayed this great universal festival of God’s glorification. The surah immediately takes us on another round in the universe: “His is the dominion over the heavens and the earth. He grants life and causes death; and He has power overall things.” (Verse 2) We have learnt that everything in the heavens and earth extols God’s glory, as He is the sole owner of the universe who has no partner in His dominion. It is, thus, a case of glorifying the Owner by His property. It is He who creates life and death, granting life to every living thing and then determining its death. Nothing happens other than what He wills.

Hayot o'z mohiyati va manbai jihatidan sir bo'lib qolmoqda. Hech kim uning qayerdan va qanday paydo bo'lganini ayta olmaydi. Haqiqatan ham, hayot nima ekanligini hech kim bilmaydi.

Life continues to be a secret in its nature and source. No one can tell where it came from or how. Indeed, no one knows what life truly is.

Qur’onda aytilishicha, har bir jonzotga hayot baxsh etuvchi — Xudodir. Buni hech kim inkor eta olmaydi va bunga zid biror narsani isbotlay olmaydi. Xuddi shunday, o‘lim ham hamma uchun noma’lum bo‘lgan, chuqur yashirin sirdir. Uni hech kim keltira olmaydi, chunki hayotni bergan Zotdan boshqa hech kim uni olib qo‘ya olmaydi. Hayot ham, o‘lim ham osmonlar va yer ustidagi Uning mutlaq hukmronligining namoyonidir.

The Qur’an says that it is God who grants life to every living entity. No one can deny this or prove anything contrary to it. Likewise, death is a deeply hidden secret whose nature is unknown to all. No one can cause it because none can take life away other than the One who granted it in the first place. Both life and death are aspects of His absolute dominion over the heavens and the earth.

"U barcha narsalar ustidan qudratlidir" (2-oyat). Uning qudrati mutlaqdir, hech narsa bilan cheklanmagan. Allohning irodasi hech qanday cheklovsiz amal qiladi. Insonning cheklangan aqli Allohning irodasiga o‘z mantig‘iga ko‘ra qanday cheklov qo‘ymasin, u noto‘g‘ridir, chunki bunday tasavvur insonning chekli ongidan kelib chiqadi. Allohning irodasi koinotda amal qiladigan qonunlarni belgilab, ularni boshqarishi uning erkin, cheklanmagan irodasining umumiy manzarasiga kiradi. Tanlov cheklovsiz amalga oshiriladi va bu qonunlarning amal qilishi Allohning irodasini ularning doirasida ish ko‘rishga majbur qilmaydi. Allohning tanlovi erkin va cheklanmagan bo‘lib qoladi.

Bizga yana bir haqiqat tanishtiriladi, u oldingilaridan ham buyukroq va chuqurroq bo'lishi mumkin: bu haqiqat yagona haqiqiy mavjudot Allohdir — Uning ulug'vorligi cheksizdir. Shuning uchun U hamma narsani o'z ichiga oladi va hamma narsani biladi: "U Avval va Oxir, Zohir va Botindir. U hamma narsani biluvchidir." (3-oyat) U Avval, ya'ni Undan oldin hech narsa bo'lmagan; U Oxir, ya'ni Undan keyin hech narsa qolmaydi. U Zohir, ya'ni Undan yuqorida hech narsa yo'q; U Botin, ya'ni Undan tashqarida hech narsa yo'q. Birinchi ikki sifat zamon mohiyatini, qolgan ikkitasi esa makon mohiyatini o'z ichiga oladi. Inson aqli har tomonga qarashi mumkin, ammo Allohdan boshqa hech narsaning mavjudligini topa olmaydi.

We are then introduced to another truth that may be greater and more profound than the previous ones: it is the truth that the only true entity is God - limitless is He in His glory. Therefore, He encompasses everything and knows everything: “He is the First and the Last, the Outer and the Inner. He has full knowledge of all things. ” (Verse 3) He is the First, which means that nothing was before Him; and He is the Last, which means that nothing remains after Him. He is the Outer, which means that nothing is above Him; and He is the Inner, which means that nothing is beyond Him. The first two attributes encompass the nature of time, and the other two the nature of place. The human mind may look everywhere, but it will find that nothing has any entity except God.

Darhaqiqat, mavjudotning barcha sifatlari faqat Unga xosdir. Inson aqlining mavjudligi ham faqat Allohning mavjudligi orqali namoyon bo'ladi, va bu yagona haqiqiy mavjudlikdir. Boshqa barcha narsalar o'z mavjudligini Undan oladi.

Indeed all qualities of existence apply to Him alone. The very existence of the human mind materializes only through Gods existence, which is the only true existence. Everything else receives its existence from Him.

Bu asosiy haqiqatdir, u hamma narsaga o‘z mohiyatini beradi. Bu haqiqatdan tashqarida hech narsa mustaqil mavjudlikka ega emas.

This is the basic truth that gives everything its nature. Nothing has an independent existence beyond this truth.

“U hamma narsani to‘liq biladi” (3-oyat). Haqiqatning mutlaq bilimi Unikidir. Har bir mavjudot Xudodan kelib chiqqani uchun, u Uning faqat O‘ziga tegishli bo‘lgan mutlaq bilimiga kiradi. Odamlar o‘z dunyolarining ba’zi jihatlarini bilib olishlari mumkin bo‘lsa-da, Xudoning bilimida hech kim sherik emas. Shunga qaramay, ular faqat o‘zlariga ko‘rinadigan narsalarnigina biladilar.

“He has full knowledge of all things” (Verse 3) His is the knowledge of the truth absolute. Since every existence is derived from God, it is included in His absolute knowledge, which belongs to Him alone. No one shares in Gods knowledge, much as people may get to know some aspects of the nature of their own world. Still, they will only know about what appears to them.

Endi sura bu buyuk haqiqatdan boshqa haqiqatlarning qanday tarmoqlanib chiqqanini bizga aytadi:

Now the surah tells us how other truths branched out from that great one:

U shunday zotki, U osmonlar va yerni olti kunda yaratdi hamda arshga o‘rnashib oldi. U yerga kiradigan va undan chiqadigan narsani, osmondan tushadigan va unga ko‘tariladigan narsani biladi. Qayerda bo‘lsangiz ham, U siz bilan birgadir; Xudo esa qilayotgan ishlaringizni ko‘radi. Osmonlar va yer ustidan hokimiyat Unikidir. Hamma narsa Xudoga qaytadi. U kechani kunduzga, kunduzni kechaga aylantiradi; U odamlarning qalbida nima borligini to‘la biladi. (4-6-oyatlar)

It is He who created the heavens and the earth in six days and established Himself on the throne. He knows all that goes into the earth and all that comes out of it; all that descends from the skies and all that ascends to them. He is with you wherever you may be; and God sees all that you do. His is the dominion over the heavens and the earth. Everything goes back to God. He causes the night to pass into the day, and the day to pass into the night; and He has full knowledge of what is in peoples hearts. (Verses 4-6)

Ushbu oyatlar bir nechta haqiqatlarni bayon etadi: Allohning osmonlar va yerni yaratishi; Uning arshga istivo qilishi (joylashishi); Uning yaratiqlari haqidagi ayrim masalalarni bilishi; Qayerda bo‘lishlaridan qat’i nazar, barcha bilan birga bo‘lishi; hamma narsaning Unga qaytishi; Uning bu dunyo ishlarini boshqarishi; hamda Uning odamlar qalbida nima borligini bilishi. Bularning barchasi birinchi buyuk haqiqatdan kelib chiqadi, ammo ularning ushbu keng, umumiy fon ustida bayon etilishi ularga alohida ta’sir kuchi beradi.

These verses mention several truths: God’s creation of the heavens and the earth; His establishing Himself on the throne; His knowledge of particular matters about His creation; His presence with everyone wherever they happen to be; the return of everything to Him; His conduct of the affairs of this world; and His knowledge of what is in people’s hearts. All these spring out of the first great truth, but their presentation against this universal background gives them special effect.

Osmon va yer o‘zlarining kengligi, go‘zalligi, uyg‘unligi, o‘rin va harakatlarining aniqligi hamda hodisalarining izchilligi bilan yuragimizda hayratni uyg‘otadi. Inson yuragi kabi ular ham Xudoning mahluqlaridir. Shu sababli ular ham inson yuragiga aloqador bo‘ladi. Inson ularning yaratilishiga qarab, o‘ylab ko‘rganida, ular unda samoviy ohanglarni uyg‘otadi. Ular insonga hammasi Xudo tomonidan yaratilganini va ular Uning hamdu sanosini aytishini bildiradi.

The heavens and the earth strike awe in our hearts by their expanse, beauty, harmony, accuracy of position and movement and in the consistency of their phenomena. Like the human heart, they are God’s creatures. Thus, they too relate to man’s heart. They strike some heavenly tunes on it when man looks and reflects on their creation. They say to man that they are all created by God, and that they extol His praises.

Ushbu boshlanish bizning qalbimizni yumshatganidan so'ng, sura barcha odamlarni iymon keltirishga va mol-mulkini hamda pulini fido qilishga tayyor bo'lishga chaqiradi. Bu boshlanish bizni tinglashga va butun diqqatimizni berishga tayyor qildi. Shunga qaramay, bu murojaat o'ziga xos ilhomlantiruvchi jihatlar va ruhlantiruvchi ohanglarni ham o'zida mujassam etadi.

Having softened our hearts with this opening, the surah calls on all people to believe and be ready to sacrifice money and property. The opening has made us ready to listen and pay full attention. Yet the address also brings its own inspiring touches and encouraging tones:

Allohga va Uning Elchisiga iymon keltiringlar va sizlarni Uning vakil qilib qo‘ygan narsalaridan infoq qilinglar. Sizlardan iymon keltirib, infoq qilganlarga katta ajr bor. Sizlarni Parvardigoringizga iymon keltirishga chaqirayotgan Rasulga iymon keltirmasliklaringizga va agar mo‘min bo‘lsangizlar, U sizlardan ahd olganiga qanday sabab bor? U Ollohdir, O‘z bandasiga ochiq-oydin oyatlarni nozil qiladi, toki sizlarni zulmatlardan nurga chiqarsin. Albatta, Alloh sizlarga shafqatlidir, mehribondir. Osmonlar va yerning merosi Allohnikiyu, sizlar nega Alloh yo‘lida infoq qilmaysizlar? Fath (Makka fathi)dan oldin infoq qilib, jihod qilganlar (keyingilar bilan) teng emas. Ular keyinchalik infoq qilib, jihod qilganlardan darajada ulug‘rokdir. Lekin ularning barchasiga Alloh go‘zal va'da bergandir. Alloh qilayotgan ishlaringizdan xabardordir.

Believe in God and His Messenger, and give [in charity] of that of which He has made you trustees. Those of you who believe and give [in charity] will have a great reward. Why should you not believe in God when the Messenger calls upon you to believe in your Lord, and He has already taken a pledge from you, if you are true believers? It is He who bestows from on high clear revelations to His servant, to lead you out of the deep darkness into light. God is indeed most compassionate to you, ever merciful. Why should you not spend freely in the cause of God, seeing that God's alone is the heritage of the heavens and the earth? Those of you who gave and fought [for God's cause] before the victory are not like others: they are higher in rank than those who gave and fought afterwards, although God has promised the ultimate good to all of them. God is well aware of all that you do. (Verses 7-10)

Bu yerda Xudo O'zi yaratgan qalblarga murojaat qilmoqda. U qalblarni biladi, ularga nima ta'sir qilishini va ularning ichida qanday his-tuyg'ularni saqlashini biladi. U biladi, imon qalbda pok va mustahkam o'rnashib, amaliy hayotda natija berishi uchun qanchalik qiyin ekanini. U biladi, qalblar faqat Uning roziligi uchun fidokorlik qilishga tayyor bo'lishi uchun qanchalik og'ir va uzoq kurash kerakligini.

Here, God is addressing the hearts He has created. He knows them, knows what influences them, as well as what feelings they harbour. He knows that for faith to be pure and well established in our hearts so that it gives results in practical life is very hard. He knows how hard and long the struggle is for hearts to be ready to sacrifice purely for His sake.

Sura shundan so‘ng sadaqa berishga rag‘batlantirishni davom ettirib, buni kuchli ohangda bayon etadi: “Osmonlar va yerning merosi faqat Allohga tegishli bo‘lgani holda, nega siz Alloh yo‘lida sarf-xarajat qilmaysiz?” (10-oyat) Bu ifoda sura boshidagi oyatlarda aytib o‘tilgan haqiqatga qaytadi: “Osmonlar va yer mulki Unikidir.”

The surah then adds the incentive to spend in charity, putting this in an emphatic way: “ Why should you not spend freely in the cause of God, seeing that God's alone is the heritage of the heavens and the earth?" (Verse 10) This reference takes us back to the fact already mentioned in the opening verses: “His is the dominion over the heavens and the earth.

"Hamma narsa Allohga qaytadi" emas — Xudoga qaytadi" (5-oyat). Osmonlar va yer Uning mulkidir va ular Unga qaytadi. Odamlarga omonat sifatida berilgan narsalar ham bu meros tarkibida Unga qaytadi.

Everything goes back to God" (Verse 5) The heavens and the earth are His own property and they revert back to Him. What has been assigned to people on trust will also go back to Him as part of this inheritance.

Nega endi ular sadaqa qilishmasin, holbuki U ulardan sadaqa berishni so'rayapti? Bu haqiqatga nazar solinsa, saxiylikka tushunarli, hech qanday asos bo'lmasligi ma'lum bo'ladi.

Why should they, then, not be charitable when He is asking them to spend in charity? When this is put into perspective, there can be no justification for stinginess.

Erta mo‘minlarning elita jamoasi — Muhojirlar va Ansorlar — og‘ir bir davrda, katta g‘alaba qozonilishidan oldin, o‘zlarida bor bo‘lgan barcha narsani, jon va mol bilan, qurbon qilishga intildilar.

The elite community of the early believers, the Muhajirin and the Ansar, came forward with what they could of sacrifice, in life and property, during a very hard time, before the great triumph was achieved.

Bu yerda eslatilgan g‘alaba Makkaning Islom tomonidan fath etilishi yoki al-Hudaybiya sulh shartnomasining imzolanishi bo‘lishi mumkin. Ikkala voqea ham Islom hali barcha tomonlardan dushmanlar bilan o‘ralgan bir paytda uning mavqeini ancha mustahkamlagan voqealar edi. Bu odamlar o‘z qurbonliklarini Allohga — Ulug‘ Xudoga — bag‘ishlardilar, dunyoviy manfaat yoki qudratli musulmon davlatning iltifotini qozonish niyatini ko‘zlamasdilar, chunki u paytda bunday davlat mavjud emas edi. Ularning qurbonligi Xudo uchun qilgan tanlovlarining natijasi edi. Bu ular butun qalbi bilan qabul qilgan va sevgan, hayotidan va mol-mulkidan ham qadrli deb bilgan e’tiqod uchun edi. Shunga qaramay, ularning qurbon qilgan narsasi miqdor jihatidan g‘alabadan keyin Islomga oqib kelganlar qurbon qila olgan narsadan ancha kam edi. Ulardan ba’zilari o‘z qurbonliklarini faqat ilk musulmonlar bergan miqdorgacha berib, shu bilan to‘xtar edilar. Shuning uchun Qur’on bu qurbonliklarga ularning haqiqiy qadrini beradi va aniq qilib qo‘yadi: qadrni miqdor emas, balki imonning haqiqatiga ishora qiluvchi niyat belgilaydi: «Sizlardan g‘alabadan oldin infoq qilgan va jihod qilganlar (boshqalar bilan) teng emas. Ular keyin infoq qilgan va jihod qilganlardan darajaca ulug‘roqdirlar» (10-oyat).

Sura yanada bir bosqich oldinga o'tib, muxotablarni haqiqiy mo'min bo'lishga va moliy qurbonliklar qilishga undaydi. U yanada rag'batlantiruvchi sabablar va ilhom beradi.

The surah goes a stage further in motivating addressees to be true believers and to make financial sacrifices. It provides further incentives and inspiration:

Kim Allohga go‘zal qarz beradi, U esa buni unga ko‘p barobar qilib qaytaradi va unga mukofotni olijanob tarzda beradi? U kun, sen mo‘minlarni, erkaklar va ayollarni, nurlari oldilarida va o‘ng tomonlarida shiddat bilan tarqalayotgan holda ko‘rgan kuni [ularga shunday deyiladi]: «Bugun sizlarga xushxabar: ostidan anhorlar oqib turgan, abadiy qoladigan jannatlar. Bu – ulug‘ najotdir». O‘sha kuni munofiq erkaklar va ayollar mo‘minlarga deydilar: «Bizni kutinglar! Nuringizdan bizga ham biroz olib beringlar!» Ularga aytiladi: «Orqaga qayting va boshqa nur izlang!» Ularning orasiga darvozali devor tortiladi: uning ichida rahmat, tashqarisida esa azob bo‘ladi. [Tashqarida qolganlar] ichkaridagilarga nido qilishadi: «Biz sizlar bilan birga emasmidik?» Ular javob beradilar: «Ha, lekin o‘zlaringizni fitnaga yo‘lalatdingiz, ikkilanib qoldingiz, shubhalandingiz va soxta umidlar sizni aldadi, to Allohning amri kelguncha. Sizlarni Alloh haqidagi aldamchi o‘ylaringiz ham aldadi. Bugun sizlardan ham, kofirlardan ham hech qanday fidya qabul qilinmaydi. Sizlarning joyingiz do‘zax bo‘ladi, u sizlarga munosibdir. Qanday yomon qaytar joy!»

Who will offer God a generous loan, which He will repay in multiples and will generously reward him? On the day when you see all believers, men and women, with their light spreading rapidly before them and to their right, [they will be told], ‘The good news for you today is that you shall for ever abide in gardens through which running waters flow. This is indeed the supreme triumph.’ On that day the hypocrites, men and women, will say to the believers, ‘Wait for us! Let us have a ray of your light!’ They will be told: ‘Turn back and seek some other light. ’A wall with a gate will be raised between them: within it will be mercy, and outside will be suffering. [Those without] will call out to those [within], ‘Were we not with you?’ They will reply, ‘Yes, but you allowed yourselves to be led into temptation, you wavered, you doubted, and you were deceived by false hopes until God’s command came to pass, and indeed you let your deceptive thoughts about God delude you. Today no ransom will be accepted from you or from the unbelievers. The fire shall be your home: it is where you belong; and how evil a destination!' (Verses 11-15)

Bu murojaat nafaqat ilhomlantiruvchi, balki qalbni o‘ziga rom etuvchidir. U doimo yordamga muhtoj bo‘lganlarga shunday deydi: «Kim Allohga go‘zal qarz beradi?»* Oddiy, ojiz bir insonning Allohga qarz bera olishi haqidagi o‘y ham har bir musulmonni bu ishga shoshilishga undashi kerak. Odamlar odatda boy kishiga qarz berish uchun bir-biri bilan poyga bellashadi, holbuki ularning o‘zlari, shu jumladan boylar ham, hammasi faqirdir, chunki ular qaytarilishiga ishonch hosil qiladilar. Bunday boy odamga pul qarz bera olganidan faxrlanadilar. Unday bo‘lsa, o‘ziga hech narsa kerak bo‘lmagan, barcha hamd-u sanolarga loyiq Zot - God - ga qarz berganlarida ular qanday his qiladilar?