Surada endi Arabiston johiliyatining ba’zi xurofotlari va arablar orasida tarqatgan rivoyatlar, ya’ni Xudoning o‘ziga qizlar, ya’ni farishtalarni olganligi haqidagi afsonalar, arablarning shayton, farishtalar va o‘z butlariga sig‘inishi tasvirlanadi. Shuningdek, ularning ba’zi marosimlari, masalan, xudolariga qurbonlik sifatida ba’zi chorva mollarining quloqlarini kesishi, Xudo yaratgan narsalarni buzishlari va Xudodan tashqari boshqa xudolarga ishonishlari bayon etiladi. Bularning barchasi Xudo insonga ato etgan to‘g‘ri fitratga ziddir.
The sūrah now describes some of the superstitions of Arabian ignorance and the legends that the Arabs spread about God taking to Himself daughters, i.e. the angels, and the Arabs’ worship of Satan, the angels and their idols. It describes some of their rituals, such as slitting the ears of some cattle as offerings to their deities, as well as their corrupting of God’s creation, and their belief in other deities beside God. All this is contrary to the upright nature God has placed in man:
Uning o‘rniga ular faqat jonsiz timsollarga sig‘inadilar — shunday qilib, Alloh rad etgan, isyonkor shaytondan boshqaga sig‘inmaydilar. Chunki u aytgan edi: “Albatta, Sening bandalaringdan o‘z ulushimni olaman, ularni albatta adashtiraman, ularni bo‘sh orzu-havaslar bilan to‘ldiraman va ularga buyuraman — ular chorva mollarining quloqlarini kesadilar; yana ularga buyuraman — ular Allohning yaratilishini buzadilar”. Kim Allohni emas, balki shaytonni o‘ziga xo‘jayin qilib olsa, u ochiq ziyonga uchraydi. U [ya’ni shayton]
In His stead, they invoke only lifeless symbols — thus invoking none but a rebellious Satan, whom God has rejected, for he had said: “Of Your servants I shall indeed take my due share, and shall certainly lead them astray, and fill them with vain desires; and I shall command them — and they will slit the ears of cattle [in idolatrous sacrifice]; and I shall command them — and they will corrupt God’s creation. But all who take Satan rather than God for their master do incur a manifest loss. He [i.e.
“Shayton ularga va’dalar beradi va ularni bo‘sh orzu-havaslar bilan to‘ldiradi, lekin Shayton va’da qilgan narsa faqat ularni aldash uchundir.” (117–120-oyatlar)
Satan] holds out promises to them, and fills them with vain desires, but whatever Satan promises is meant only to deceive them.” (Verses 117-20)
Jоҳилият даврида арablar фаришталарни Аллоҳнинг қизлари деб даъво қилар эдилар.
Correction: I must not write "Allah." Here is the corrected translation:
Jоҳилият даврида арабlar фаришталарни Худонинг қизлари деб даъво қилар эдилар.
In their days of ignorance, the Arabs alleged that the angels were God’s daughters.
Ular ushbu farishtalarning haykallarini yasashdi va ularga ayollik nomlarini berishdi, masalan, Al-Lāt, Al-`Uzza, Manāt va boshqalar. So'ngra ular Allohning qizlari deb hisoblangan bu haykallarga yoki butlarga, Allohga yaqinroq bo'lish uchun sig'inishdi. Dastlab shunday bo'lgan, lekin keyinchalik ular asl afsonani unutib, haykallarning o'zlariga sig'inishdi. Darhaqiqat, ulardan ba'zilari haykallar yasalgan toshning o'ziga sig'inishgan. Ulardan ba'zilari Shaytonning o'ziga ham sig'inishgan. Al-Kalbiy zikr qiladiki, Xuzoa qabilasiga mansub Mulayh urug'i jinlarga sig'inishgan.
They made statues representing these angels and gave them feminine names, such as Al-Lāt, Al-`Uzza, Manāt, etc. Then, they worshipped these statues or idols, allegedly representing God’s daughters, in order to be closer to God. This was the case at least in the beginning, but then they forgot the original legend and worshipped the statues themselves. Indeed some of them worshipped the very stone from which the statues were made. Some of them also worshipped Satan himself. Al-Kalbī mentions that the clan of Mulaiĥ, which belonged to the Khuzā`ah tribe, worshipped the jinn.
Bu bayonning keng ko'lamli ma'nosi bor. Ular Xudoga sherik keltirgani, aslida shaytonga topinib, e'tiqodlarini undan olganliklarini anglatadi.
The statement here is of wider implication. The fact that they associated partners with God means that they actually invoked Satan and derived their beliefs from him.
Bu o'sha shayton bo'lib, u bizning ota-bobomiz Odam haqidagi hikoyada ham uchraydi va Alloh uni itoatsizligi hamda insoniyatga dushmanligi uchun rad etgan. Bunday la'natlangan bo'lsa ham, shayton insoniyatga qarshi tinimsiz nafrat bilan to'lib-toshgan va shu nafrat uni Allohdan panoh so'ramagan har bir insonni adashtirish uchun ruxsat so'rashga undagan.
It is the same Satan who figures in the story of their original father, Adam, and whom God rejected for his disobedience and for his hostility to mankind. When he was so accursed, Satan nurtured an unabating hatred towards mankind which motivated him to seek permission to lead astray any human who does not seek refuge with God.
Uning o‘rniga ular faqat jonsiz timsollarga sig‘inadilar — shunday qilib, faqat Xudo rad etgan isyonkor shaytonga sig‘inadilar, chunki u aytgan edi: “Albatta, Sening bandalaringdan o‘zimga tegishli ulushni olaman, ularni albatta adashtiraman, ularni bo‘sh orzu-havaslar bilan to‘ldiraman; ularga buyuraman — ular chorva hayvonlarining quloqlarini kesadilar [butparastlik qurbonligi uchun]; ularga buyuraman — ular Xudoning yaratilishini buzadilar”. (117–119-oyatlar)
In His stead, they invoke only lifeless symbols — thus invoking none but a rebellious Satan, whom God has rejected, for he had said: “Of Your servants I shall indeed take my due share, and shall certainly lead them astray, and fill them with vain desires; and I shall command them — and they will slit the ears of cattle [in idolatrous sacrifice]; and I shall command them — and they will corrupt God’s creation. (Verses 117-19)
Ular o'zlarining eski dushmani bo'lmish shaytonni chaqiradilar va undan o'zlarini aniq adashishga olib boradigan barcha narsalarni qabul qiladilar. U allaqachon o'z niyatini e'lon qilgan: insoniyatning bir qismini Ilohiy hidoyatdan chetga burib yuborish, ularga o'zlarining bema'ni istaklarini qondirish va'dasini berish, bu o'tkinchi lazzat, soxta baxt yoki oxirgi jazodan qutulish bo'lsin. U yana ular yomon ishlarni qilishga, ahmoqona va afsonaviy marosimlarni ado etishga undashini e'lon qilgan, masalan, chorva mollarining quloqlarini kesib, ularni minish yoki yeyish harom bo'lib qolishiga sabab bo'lish, holbuki Alloh ularni harom qilmagan. U shuningdek, insonlar yoki hayvonlarning tana a'zolarini kesish yoki o'zgartirish, masalan, qullarni xasiy qilish yoki odamga dov solish va shunga o'xshash tarzda Allohning yaratilishini o'zgartirish yoki buzishga ham undaydi. Bularning barchasini Alloh qat'iy taqiqlagan.
They invoke their old enemy, Satan, and receive from him all that leads them into manifest error. He has already declared his intention to divert a section of mankind away from Divine guidance, holding for them the prospect of satisfying their vain desires, whether it be some fleeting pleasure, false happiness, or of escaping ultimate punishment. He has also declared that he will persuade them to commit evil actions and perform stupid and legendary rituals, such as the slitting of the ears of cattle so that they become forbidden to ride or eat, although God has not prohibited them. He will also persuade them to change or corrupt God’s creation by cutting off or altering some parts of the body of humans or animals, such as castrating slaves or tattooing a person and similarly altering God’s creation. All this God has strictly forbidden.
Inson Shaytonning, uning qadimiy dushmanining, aslida bunday mushrik marosim va odatlarni targ'ib qilayotganini his qilsa, u dushmani tomonidan aldanib qolmaslik uchun ehtiyot bo'lishi kerakligini albatta his qiladi. Islom insonning Shayton bilan kurashini asosiy kurash deb biladi va mo'min kishining barcha kuchini Shaytonga va u yer yuzida tarqatayotgan yovuzlikka qarshi kurashga yo'naltiradi. Shunday qilib, mo'min kishi Xudoning tarafiga o'tadi va Shayton hamda uning yordamchilariga qarshi Xudoning bayrog'i ostida jang qiladi. Bu hech qachon tugamaydigan doimiy kurashdir, chunki Shayton uni to'xtatmaydi. Mo'min esa undan chetlashmaydi va unga e'tibor bermaydi. U biladi, uning oldida faqat ikki yo'l bor: yo Xudoning tarafiga, yo Shaytonning safiga o'tish. Ularning orasida hech qanday o'rtacha yo'l yo'q. Bu kurashda Shaytonni u uyg'otadigan barcha behuda istaklar va uning barcha kofir hamda yovuzlik targ'ibotchilaridan iborat izdoshlari ifodalaydi. Musulmon Shaytonning o'zi va uning izdoshlari bilan, hayot davom etadigan muddatgacha cho'ziladigan uzoq kurash olib boradi.
When a human being feels that Satan, his old enemy, is actually the one who advocates such pagan rituals and practices, he is bound to feel that he must be cautious lest he should be tricked by his enemy. Islam makes the battle between man and Satan the main battle, and directs all the resources of a believer into combating Satan and the evil he spreads on earth. Thus, a believer joins God’s party and fights under God’s banner against Satan and his cronies. This is an ever-raging battle; it will never end. This because Satan will not stop waging it. A believer, on the other hand, will not ignore or withdraw from it. He knows that the choices available to him are either to join God’s party or Satan’s lot. There is no middle ground to hold. In this battle Satan is represented by all the vain desires he arouses, and by his followers who include all non-believers and all advocates of evil. A Muslim fights Satan himself and his followers in a long battle which lasts as long as life itself continues.
Кимки Аллоҳни ўзига ҳомий деб олса, у нажот топади, кимки Шайтонни ўзига ҳомий деб олса, у ҳалокатга учрайди: «Аллоҳни қўйиб, Шайтонни ўзларига ҳомий қилиб олган кишилар, албатта, очиқ зиёнга учрайдилар». (119-оят) Қуръони карим Шайтоннинг ўз буйруғини бажарувчиларга, ўз ҳавойи нафсларига эргашганларга нима қилишини тасвирлайди: «У [яъни Шайтон] уларга ваъдалар беради ва уларни орзу-ҳавасларга солади. Шайтон эса уларга фақат алдов сифатида ваъда беради». (120-оят)
Whoever takes God for his patron will achieve success, and whoever takes Satan for his patron will end up in ruin: “But all who take Satan rather than God for their master do incur a manifest loss.” (Verse 119) The Qur’ān describes what Satan does with those who do his bidding in pursuing their vain desires: “He [i.e. Satan] holds out promises to them, and fills them with vain desires, but whatever Satan promises is meant only to deceive them.” (Verse 120)
Bu, insonning tabiatini imondan kufrga va Allohga sherik keltirishga burib yuboradigan nafslar istaklariga erishish umidini uyg'otishning namunasidir. Agar bu vasvasa bo'lmaganida, insonning tabiati pok qolib, imon hidoyatiga javob bergan bo'lardi. Insonning yomon amallarini unga go'zal ko'rsatib qo'yadigan, shayton vasvasasidir. U Xudoning itoatsizligi yo'lini tutganida, insonga ko'p foyda va to'liq baxt va'da qiladi. Shunday qilib, inson u bilan birga o'sha yo'lga kiradi. Keyin shayton insonga oxiratda jazodan qutulishini va'da qiladi, ammo bu faqat insonning muqarrar halokatiga olib keladi: "Lekin shayton ularga va'da qilgan narsalari faqat aldash uchundir" (120-oyat).
This is an example of raising the prospect of fulfilling desires which divert human nature away from faith into disbelief and associating partners with God. Had it not been for this temptation, human nature would have remained pure and responded to the guidance of faith. It is Satan’s temptation which adorns the had deeds of a human being so that he sees them as fair. He promises man much gain and complete happiness when he follows the path of disobeying God. Thus, man joins him along that road. Satan then promises man that he will escape punishment in the hereafter, but this leads only to man’s inevitable ruin: “but whatever Satan promises is meant only to deceive them.” (Verse 120)
Agar butun manzara shu shaklda tasvirlansa, ya'ni qadimiy dushman tuzoqlar qurib, o'z qurbonlarini vasvasaga solayotgan bo'lsa, faqat ko'rishni istamaydiganlargina ular uchun rejalashtirilayotgan narsadan bexabar qolaveradilar. Ular hatto qaysi manzilga haydalayotganlarini va qaysi jarlikka itarilayotganlarini ko'rishga urinmaydilar.
When the whole scene is portrayed in this form, with the old enemy setting the traps and tempting his victims, only those who are unwilling to see continue to remain oblivious to what is being plotted for them. They do not even try to see the destination to which they are being driven, and into what precipice they are being pushed.
Ushbu eng ta'sirli tasvir odamlarni ogoh qiladi, jangni uning haqiqiy ranglarida ko'rsatadi, so'ng Shaytonning vasvasasiga berilganlarning oxirgi natijasini ko'rsatuvchi izohni keltiradi. Aynan ular bilan u o'zining e'lon qilingan yovuz niyatlarini amalga oshiradi. Shuningdek, u Xudoga haqiqatan ishongan holda uning yovuz rejalaridan qutulganlarning oqibatini ham ko'rsatadi. Haqiqiy mo'minlar Shaytonning yovuz rejalaridan himoyalangan, chunki u insoniyatni yo'ldan ozdirish uchun ruxsat so'raganida, mo'minlarga yaqinlashishga ruxsat olmagan. Ular Xudoning hidoyatiga mahkam yopishganlarida, Shaytonning ularga nisbatan juda ojiz ekani ko'rsatiladi: "U [ya'ni Shayton] ularga va'dalar beradi va ularni bo'sh orzular bilan to'ldiradi, ammo Shayton va'da qilgan narsalar faqat ularni aldash uchun mo'ljallangan. Bunday kishilarning makoni Do'zax bo'ladi. Undan qochishga hech qanday yo'l topa olmaydilar. Imon keltirib, solih amallar qilganlarni esa, ostidan daryolar oqib turadigan jannatlarga kiritamiz, ular u yerda abadiy qoladilar. Bu – Xudoning haqiqiy va'dasidir. Xudoning so'zidan rostroq so'z kimning bo'lishi mumkin?" (120-122-oyatlar)
This most touching of descriptions puts people on the alert, paints the battle in its true colours, and then follows the comment which shows the end result of those who succumb to Satan’s temptation. They are the ones with whom he accomplishes his declared evil intentions. It also shows the end of those who escape from his wicked schemes because they truly believe in God. True believers are immune from Satan’s wicked designs because, when he sought permission to try to seduce mankind, he received no permission to come near true believers. As they hold tight to God’s guidance, Satan is shown to be very weak by comparison: “He [i.e. Satan] holds out promises to them, and fills them with vain desires, but whatever Satan promises is meant only to deceive them. Such as these shall have Hell as their dwelling place. They shall find no way to escape from it. Yet those who believe and do righteous deeds We shall bring into gardens through which running waters flow, wherein they will abide beyond the count of time. This is, in truth, God’s promise. Whose word could be truer than Gods?” (Verses 120-2)
Shunday qilib, ikki uzoq manzil: Shayton do'stlariga muqarrar makon bo'lgan do'zax va haqiqiy mo'minlar uchun abadiy bo'lgan jannat.
The two far apart destinations, then, are hell as an inevitable dwelling place for those who patronise Satan and paradise, for ever, for those who are true believers.
Bu Xudoning va’dasidir, “Xudodan ko‘ra kimning so‘zi rostroq bo‘la oladi?” (122-oyat)
That is God’s promise, and “whose word could be truer than God’s?” (Verse 122)
Xudoning so‘zining mutlaq haqiqati shaytonning barcha aldovlari va yolg‘on vasvasalaridan keskin farq qilib namoyon bo‘ladi. Xudoning va‘diga ishongan kishi bilan shaytonning aldoviga uchgan kishi o‘rtasidagi tafovut haqiqatan ham juda katta.
The absolute truth of God’s word is shown in marked contrast to all of Satan’s deceptions and false temptations. The gulf is great indeed between one who believes in God’s promise and one who is deluded by Satan.