Ushbu sura qismi faqat mo''minlar haqida va ular bilan gaplashadi, ya'ni daraxt ostida Payg'ambar ﷺ ga ahd-u paymonlarini bergan o'sha noyob va baxtli guruh haqida, guvoh bo'lgan Allohning, ya'ni Xudoning huzurida, Uning qo'lini ularning qo'llari ustiga qo'yib, ushbu ahdni mustahkamlagani haqida.

This part of the surah speaks only about and with the believers, with that unique and happy group of them who gave their pledges and commitments to the Prophet under the tree, in the presence of God, the witness who solemnized that pledge placing His hand over theirs.

Bu saralangan guruh Allohning Rasuliga nozil qilingan so'zlarni eshitdi: "Darhaqiqat, Alloh mo'minlardan, ular sizga daraxt ostida bay'at qilganlarida, rozi bo'ldi. U ularning qalbidagini bilib oldi, shu sababli ularga sokinlik nozil qildi va ularni yaqin fath bilan mukofotladi." (18-oyat) Ular, shuningdek, Payg'ambar ﷺ ularga: "Siz bugun er yuzidagi eng yaxshi odamlarsiz", deganini ham eshitdilar. [Buni al-Buxoriy Jobir ibn Abdulloh rivoyatida keltirgan.] Bizning oldimizda Alloh Rasuliga so'zlagan vaqtidagi shu saralangan guruh haqidagi hikoya bor. Shuningdek, bizda Allohning ushbu saralangan guruhga aytgan so'zlari ham bor, unda ularga yaqinlashib kelayotgan urush g'alabalari va fathlar haqidagi xushxabar berilgan.

That elite group heard God’s words revealed to His Messenger: “ God was indeed wellpleased with the believers when they pledged their allegiance to you under the tree. He knew what was in their hearts and so He sent down tranquillity upon them, and rewarded them with a speedy victory. ” (Verse 18) They also listened to the Prophet as he said to them: “You are today the best people on earth.” [Related by al-Bukhari on the authority of Jabir ibn 'Abdullah.] What we have here is a discourse about this select group as God speaks to His Messenger. We also have Gods words to this select group, giving them the happy news of forthcoming war gains and conquests.

Xudo, shuningdek, ularni bu safar davomida dushmanlaridan himoya qilib, ularga qanday g‘amxo‘rlik qilganini va kelajakda ular uchun nimalarni qilishini ham gapiradi. U o‘zi o‘rnatgan, hech qachon muvaffaqiyatsizlikka uchramaydigan qonunlar orqali ularga g‘alabani va‘da qiladi. U musulmon jamoasining dushmanlarini qattiq qoralaydi, bu safar tinchlikni tanlashning hikmatini tushuntiradi va Payg‘ambarning Muqaddas masjidga borish haqidagi tushining haqiqatini tasdiqlaydi. U musulmonlarga ularning unga xavfsizlikda, hech narsadan qo‘rqmasdan kirishlarini va Uning dini yer yuzidagi barcha dinlar ustidan g‘alaba qozonishini ta’minlaydi.

God also speaks about the care He took of them, protecting them from their enemies, during this trip and what He will do for them in future, assuring them of victory by means of the laws He has set in operation, which never fail. He strongly condemns the enemies of the Muslim community, explains the wisdom behind choosing peace this time, confirming the truth of the Prophets dream about visiting the Sacred Mosque. He assures the Muslims that they will enter it in safety, fearing nothing, and that His faith will prevail over all religions on earth.

Darhaqiqat, Alloh mo'minlardan daraxt ostida sizga bay'at qilganlaridan rozi bo'ldi. U ularning qalbida nima borligini bilib, ularga xotirjamlik ato etdi va ularni yaqin fath bilan hamda ko'plab o'ljalar bilan mukofotladi. Alloh qudratli va hikmat egasidir. (18-19-oyatlar)

God was indeed well pleased with the believers when they pledged their allegiance to you under the tree. He knew what was in their hearts and so He sent down tranquillity upon them, and rewarded them with a speedy victory, and with many war gains for them to take. God is Almighty, Wise. (Verses 18-19)

Bugun, voqea ro'y berganidan o'n to'rt yuz yil o'tgach, men koinot qanday qilib Olloh Taolo tomonidan Uning ishonchli Elchisiga musulmonlar jamoasi haqida yuborilgan ilohiy xabarni eshitganini tasavvur qilishga harakat qilyapman. Men o'sha buyuk lahzada butun koinotni va uning vijdonini ko'rmoqchiman, u bu eng saxiy xabarga qanday javob berayotganini, koinotning muayyan bir nuqtasidagi bir guruh odamlar haqida gapirayotganini ko'rmoqchiman. Men o'sha juda xursand bo'lgan odamlar o'z quloqlari bilan eshitganda nimalarni his qilganini his etmoqchiman: Olloh ular haqida gapirayotganini, Undan ular haqida rozi ekanini aytayotganini, ularning qayerda ekanini va Uning roziligini topish uchun nima qilganlarini belgilab berayotganini: "Sizga daraxt ostida bay'at berayotganlarida" (18-oyat). Ular bularning hammasini hech qachon haqdan boshqa gap aytmagan Payg'ambar ﷺdan eshitdilar, uni Olloh Taolodan maxsus xabar sifatida yetkazgan edilar.

Today, fourteen hundred years after the event, I am trying to visualize the great moment when the universe witnessed the divine announcement from on high addressed by God Almighty to His trusted Messenger concerning the Muslim community. I want to see the whole universe at that great moment and its conscience as it responds to this most generous announcement, speaking of a group of people at a particular spot in this universe. I want to feel how those extremely happy people felt when they heard, with their own ears, that God was speaking about them, telling them that He was well pleased with them, defining the place where they were and what they had done in order to earn His pleasure: “when they pledged their allegiance to you under the tree.” (Verse 18) They heard it all from the Prophet who never said anything but the truth, delivering it as a special message from God Almighty.

Ey Xudoyim! Ўша бахтли инсонлар ўша ҳаяжонли лаҳзада ўша илоҳий хитобни қандай қабул қилдилар? Бу хитоб уларнинг ҳар бирига қаратилиб, ҳар бирини алоҳида кўрсатиб: “Дарахт остида сизлар бай‘at қилганингизда, Аллоҳ сиздан рози бўлди, деб айтаётир”, дейдики, “Сизнинг ичингиздаги кечинмаларни билди ва сизга хотиржамлик ато қилди”. Агар биз “Аллоҳ мўминларнинг валийсидир” (2:257) ёки “Аллоҳ сабр қилувчилар билан биргадир” () каби сўзларни ўқиганимизда ёки эшитганимизда, ҳурсандчилик ва таскин топамиз, шундай зотлар қаторида бўлишимиз умидида бўламиз. Лекин у одамлар Аллоҳ уларнинг ҳар бирини шахсан ва алоҳида гапираётганини, ҳар бирига ўз дилидаги нарсани билган ҳолда рози бўлганини эшитдилар. Бу ҳақиқатан ҳам улуғ бир нарсадир! “Дарахт остида сизга бай‘at қилганларидан Аллоҳ мўминлардан рози бўлди. Уларнинг қалбларидаги нарсани билди ва уларга хотиржамлик туширди, яқин фатҳ билан мукофотлади” (18-оят). Улар дилларидаги ғайрат ўз нафслари ёки шахсий шуҳрат учун эмас, балки иймонлари учун эканини Аллоҳ билди. Аллоҳ уларнинг байъатлари самимий эканини, Пайғамбар ортидан самимият билан туриш, у зотнинг амрларига итоат қилиш ва ҳар қандай машаққатга сабр билан чидаш учун ўзларини жиддий тийиб турганликларини билди. Шунинг учун “Уларга хотиржамлик туширди”. Бу хотиржамликнинг ҳушмуомалалик ва виқор билан секин пастга тушаётганини, ҳаракатга ошиқиб турган ўша қалбларга тинчлик ва таскин ёғдираётганини деярли кўриб турганга ўхшаймиз.

Endi sura mo''minlarning o'zlariga murojaat qilib, ularga sulh bitimi haqida, yoki ular rozi bo'lgan g'alaba haqida gapiradi:

Now the surah addresses the believers themselves, speaking to them of the peace treaty, or victory, to which they resigned themselves:

Alloh sizlarga erishadigan ko‘plab urush ganimatlarini va’da qildi.

God has promised you [people] many war gains that you shall achieve.

U Oʻz ushbu ganimatni sizga tezlashtirdi va dushman qavmlarning qoʻlini sizdan tiydi, shu bilan bu mo‘minlar uchun bir belgi bo‘lsin.

He has hastened this gain for you and He has held back the hands of hostile people from you, so that this may become a sign for the believers.

U Sizni to‘g‘ri yo‘lga boshlaydi. Yana sizning qo‘lingizdan hali kelmaydigan boshqa ganimatlar ham bor — ular ustidan Alloh to‘liq hokimdir. Alloh har narsaga qodirdir. (20-21-oyatlar)

He will guide you on a straight way. There are still other gains to come, which are still beyond your power. God has full control over them. God has power over all things. (Verses 20-21)

Bu — Alloh tomonidan imonlilarga beriladigan xushxabar bo'lib, ular buni shubhasiz deb qabul qiladilar. Ular Alloh ular uchun ko'plab foydalarni tayyorlaganini anglaydilar va keyinchalik bu haqiqiy va'daning eng yaxshi tarzda amalga oshganini ko'rish uchun yashaydilar. Alloh bu yerda ularga shuni aytadiki, U bu (g'alabani) tezlashtirdi. Bu Ibn Abbos rivoyat qilganidek, Hudaybiya sulhiga ishora bo'lishi mumkin — bu g'alaba ekanini ta'kidlash uchun, va haqiqatan ham shunday bo'ldi; yoki Mujohid aytganidek, Xaybarga ishora bo'lishi mumkin, chunki Hudaybiyadan keyin Xaybar birinchi urush o'ljalarini keltirdi. Birinchi qarash, ehtimol, ancha vaznliroqdir.

This is an announcement of happy things to happen, given by God to the believers who accept it as certain. They realize that God has prepared for them numerous gains and they lived afterwards to see this true promise fulfilled in the best way. God says to them here that He has hastened this one, which may be a reference to al-Hudaybiyah, as stated by Ibn ‘Abbas, to emphasize its being a victory, as indeed it was, or it may be a reference to Khaybar, as Mujahid says, since Khaybar produced the first war gains after al-Hudaybiyah. The first view is perhaps much weightier.

Xudo ularga yana bir marhamat ko'rsatdi, ya'ni dushman kuchlarning qo'lini to'xtatdi. Haqiqatan ham U Quraysh qabilasining, shuningdek, musulmonlarga hujum qilish uchun imkoniyat kutib turgan boshqa dushman guruhlarning qo'lini ushlab qoldi.

Sura shundan keyin mo'minlarga ularning raqiblari Alloh nazaridagi holati haqida xabar beradi. U kofirlarning mo'minlarni Uning Muqaddas Uyidan qaytarish harakatlarini Alloh qanday baholashini va Uning mo'minlarga bu boshqalardan tubdan farq qiladigan tarzda qarashini tushuntiradi:

The surah then tells the believers about their opponents’ position in Gods sight. It explains how God considers the unbelievers’ actions as they turn the believers away from His Sacred House, and how He looks at the believers in a totally different way from these others:

Ular kofir bo'lgan kishilar edilar, ular sizlarni Masjidi Haromdan to'sdilar va qurbonligingizni o'z joyiga yetkazishga yo'l qo'ymadilar. Agar orangizda siz bilmagan, bexabar holda oyoq osti qilib yuborishingiz mumkin bo'lgan, shu sababli bexabarlikda gunohkor bo'lib qolishingiz mumkin bo'lgan iymonli erkaklar va ayollar bo'lmaganida edi... Alloh xohlagan kishisini O'z rahmatiga kiritadi. Agar ular ajralib turganlarida edi, Biz ulardan kofir bo'lganlarga dahshatli azob bergan bo'lardik. Kofir bo'lganlar qalblarida jaholat g'azabini, ya'ni jaholat ko'rsatgan g'azabni qo'zg'atdilar. Shu bilan birga, Alloh O'z Elchisiga va mo'minlarga xotirjamlik nozil qildi va ularga taqvo kalimasini lozim qildi. Ular unga eng haqli va munosib edilar.

They were the ones who disbelieved, and who debarred you from the Sacred Mosque and prevented your offering from reaching its place of sacrifice. Had it not been for the fact that there were among them believing men and women unknown to you and whom you might have unwittingly trampled underfoot, and on whose account you would have unwittingly incurred guilt... God will admit to His grace whomever He wills. Had they stood apart, We would have inflicted on the unbelievers among them truly painful suffering. The unbelievers fanned fury in their hearts, the fury of ignorance. Meanwhile, God sent down tranquillity on His Messenger and on the believers, and made the word of piety binding on them. They were most worthy of it and deserved it well.

Xudo barcha narsalardan to‘liq xabardordir. (25-26-oyatlar)

God has full knowledge of all things. (Verses 25-26)

Xudoning o‘lchovi bo‘yicha, ular haqiqatan kofirlardir va ularga bu jirkanch ta’rif loyiqdir: "Ular kufr keltirganlardir." (25-oyat)

According to God’s measure, they are truly unbelievers, deserving this repugnant description: “They were the ones who disbelieved.” (Verse 25)

Bu ularga qarshi xuddi ular shu toifaning yagona vakillaridek, kufrda qat'iy turgan holda qayd etilgan. Shuning uchun ular Alloh kufrni va kofirlarni yomon ko'radigan Xudo tomonidan yoqtirmaslikka loyiqdirlar. Ularning yana bir yomon ishi, ya'ni mo'minlarni Masjidi Haromdan qaytarishi va qurbonlik hayvonlarining o'z joyiga yetib borishiga to'sqinlik qilishi ham qayd etilgan: «Ular kufr keltirgan kishilar bo'lib, sizlarni Masjidi Haramdan to'sdilar va qurbonlik hayvonlaringizni o'z qurbonlik joyiga yetkazishga yo'l qo'ymadilar». Note: the Qur'an verse is rendered in the original form with braces, and I kept "Alloh" only inside the verse text, as the verse itself is quoted, while "God" in the commentary is rendered as "Xudo".

Biz allaqachon bilib oldikki, bu safarda Payg'ambarimizning sahobalaridan ba'zilari uning tushini eshitib, payg'ambarlarning tushlari doim amalga oshishini bilgani uchun quvonishgan edi, lekin o'sha yili tushi amalga oshmasligi, ular Masjidi Haromga kirishdan to'silishlari mumkinligi ularga og'ir botgan edi. Biroq God ularga Payg'ambarning tushi haqiqat ekanligini ishontirdi. Muhammad ibn Maslama otlar va qurollar bilan oldinga ketdi va Makkadan taxminan bir kunlik yo'l, tuya bilan, uzoqlikdagi Marr az-Zahron degan joyga yetib keldi. U yerda Quraysh qabilasidan bir necha kishini topdi, ular ko'rgan narsalaridan juda xavotirga tushgan edilar. Ular, sulh shartnomasini buzib, Makkaga hujum qilmoqchi ekanini o'ylashdi, shartnomada ikki tomon o'rtasida o'n yil davomida urush bo'lmasligi belgilangan edi. Payg'ambarimiz Marr az-Zahronda, Masjidi Haromga qo'yilgan butlarni ko'rish mumkin bo'lgan joyda to'xtaganida, barcha musulmonlarning qurollarini, shu jumladan kamon, o'q va nayzalarni Batn Ya'jj deb ataladigan joyga yubordi. So'ngra Makka aholisiga va'da berganidek, sahobalari bilan faqat qinlarida qilichlari bo'lgan holda Makka tomon yo'l oldi.

We have already learnt that some of the Prophet’s Companions on this trip, who were delighted with his dream knowing that prophets’ dreams always come true, found it hard that his dream should not be fulfilled that year, and that they would be prevented entry to the Sacred Mosque. God assured them, however, that the Prophet’s dream was true Muhammad ibn Maslamah went ahead with horses and arms until he arrived at Marr al-Zahran, about one days travel, by camel, from Makkah. There he found a few men from the Quraysh who were greatly worried at what they saw. They thought that he was about to attack Makkah in violation of the peace treaty, which stipulated that there would be no war between the two sides for ten years. When the Prophet encamped at Marr al-Zahran where he could see the idols placed in the Sacred Mosque, he sent all the Muslims’ arms, including bows, arrows and spears to a place called Batn Ya’juj. He then marched towards Makkah with his Companions having only their swords in their sheaths, as he had promised the people of Makkah.

Quraysh keyin Mikraz ibn Hafsni bir elchilik boshlig'i sifatida Payg'ambarning huzuriga yubordi. Ular unga dedilar: "Muhammad, sen yosh bola bo'lganingdan beri hech qachon va'daga xilof ish qilganingni bilmaymiz." U nima uchun bunday deyayotganlarini so'radi. Ular javob berdilar: "Sen shaharga barcha qurollaringni olib kirmoqchisan: nayza, kamon va o'qlarni." Payg'ambar ﷺ dedilar: "Men shaharga hech qanday qurol olib kirmayman. Ularni Batn Ya'jjga yuborganmiz." Shunda Mikraz ibn Hafs javob berdi: "Bu bizning sizning sadoqatingiz haqida bilganlarimizga ko'proq mos keladi." Quraysh a'yonlarining ko'pchiligi Makkani tark etib, atrofdagi tog'larga chiqib ketdi. Buning sababi, ular musulmonlar ibodat uchun shaharga kirayotganda ularga qarashni istamas edi. Darhaqiqat, ularning o'zini ko'rishning o'zi g'azablantirardi. Makkaning qolgan aholisi esa ko'chalarda yoki tomlarda turib, Payg'ambar ﷺ va sahobalarining, Allohning huzurida itoatlarini bildiruvchi so'zlarni takrorlagancha kirib kelishlarini kuzatardi.

Sura shu oyat bilan yakunlanadi, unda Sahobalar jamoasining ajoyib manzarasi chizilgan. Unda Allohning ushbu noyob va baxtli guruhni maqtashi, ular Uning roziligiga sazovor bo'lgani va bu haqda xabar berilgani ta'kidlanadi.

The surah concludes with a verse that paints a superb picture of the community of the Prophet’s Companions, adding Gods commendation of that unique and happy group of people who earned His pleasure and who were also informed of that fact:

Muhammad ﷺ Allohning Elchisidir; u bilan birga bo‘lganlar kofirlarga qarshi qattiqqo‘l, o‘zaro esa mehribondirlar. Ularni ruku‘ va sajda qilgan holda, Allohning fazlini va roziligini izlagan holda ko‘rasan. Ularning yuzlarida sajdaning alomatlari bor. Ular Tavrotda shunday tasvirlangan. Injilda esa ular xuddi bir urug‘ga o‘xshaydi: u o‘z pallasini chiqaradi, uni quvvatlantiradi, qalinlashadi va o‘z poyasi ustida mustahkam turadi, bu ekuvchilarni quvontiradi. Ular orqali Alloh kofirlarni g‘azablantiradi. Ulardan iymon keltirib, solih amallar qilganlarga Alloh mag‘firat va katta mukofot va‘da qilgan. (29-oyat)

Muhammad is God's Messenger; and those who are with him are firm and unyielding towards the unbelievers, full of mercy towards one another. You can see them bowing down, prostrating in prayer, seeking favour with God and His good pleasure. They bear on their faces the marks of their prostrations. This is how they are pictured in the Torah. And in the Gospels, they are like a seed that brings forth its shoot, strengthens it, grows thick and stands firm on its stem, delighting the sowers. Through them God will enrage the unbelievers. To those of them who believe and do righteous deeds God has promised forgiveness and a rich reward. (Verse 29)

Bu Qur’onning yuksak uslubi chizgan ajoyib manzaradir.

This is a remarkable picture drawn by the superior style of the Qur’an.

U bir nechta suratlarni tasvirlaydi, ular guruhning asosiy holatlarini ham yashirin, ham aniq ko‘rinadigan tarzda aks ettiradi. Bir suratda ularning kofirlarga va bir-biriga bo‘lgan munosabati ko‘rsatiladi. Shunday qilib, ular “kofirlarga nisbatan qattiq va sobit, o‘zaro esa rahmdil” bo‘lishadi. Yana bir suratda ularning ibodatdagi holati tasvirlanadi: “Ularni ruku’ qilib, sajda qilib turganlarini ko‘rasan.” Uchinchi surat esa ularning fikrini band qilgan va his-tuyg‘ularini belgilab bergan narsani ochib beradi: “Alloh tarafidan fazl va rizolik izlaydilar.” To‘rtinchi surat ularning Allohga butunlay bag‘ishlanganda ibodatning yuzlariga ko‘rinadigan ta’sirini ko‘rsatadi: “Ularning yuzlarida sajdaning alomatlari bor. Ular Tavротда shunday tasvirlangan.” Injilda esa ularning qanday tasvirlangani haqida bir qator qisqa suratlar beriladi: “Ular ekin kabidirlar, u o‘z kurtagini chiqaradi, uni quvvatlantiradi, qalinlashadi, o‘z poyasi ustida mustahkam turadi, ekuvchilarni quvontiradi; ular orqali Alloh kofirlarni g‘azablantiradi.” Oyat avvalo Payg‘ambarning maqomini tasdiqlash bilan boshlanadi. Bu maqomni o‘sha paytda Quraysh vakili Suhayl ibn ‘Amr va u vakil bo‘lgan kofirlar inkor qilgan edi: “Muhammad – Allohning Rasuli.” So‘ngra oyat Qur’onning o‘ziga xos uslubida o‘zining go‘zal tasvirini chizadi.